Friday, January 12, 2007

A list of videos that will blow your mind thanks D!! Just Click!

Bush family background
http://www.geocities.com/alanjpakula/triplecrown.html
http://www.shorejournal.com/elkhorn
http://www.prorev.com/bush.htm
http://www.copvcia.com/witness_list.htm

http://members.tripod.com/~Evademic/naznwo/naznwo10.txt
http://www.motherjones.com/news_wire/bushboys.html
http://www.realchange.org/bushjr.htm
http://www.tylwythteg.com/enemies/Bush/bush17.html
http://www.gwbush.com
http://www.onlinejournal.com/Commentary/commentary.html
http://www.bushfiles.com/bushfiles/midland.html
http://afrocubaweb.com/bushes.htm
http://www.davidicke.com/icke/articles/bush.html
http://www.infomanage.com/secrets/bios/bushes.html
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/3750/bush.htm
http://www.kmf.org/williams/bushbook.html
http://www.hli.org/issues/pp/bcreview/index.html
http://www.joinhugs.org/mainpage/bushrecord.html
http://www.monitor.net/monitor/morgue.html

CIA, Nazis & the Republican Party
http://www.bartcop.com/nazigop.htm
http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Fascism/OldNazis_NewRight.html
http://www.srpska-mreza.com/library/facts/ratline.html
http://www.newsmakingnews.com/mblinks.htm
http://www.watch.pair.com/jbs-cnp.html

Philadelphia Enquirer 9/10/98 David Lee Preston, "Fired Bush
backer one of several with possible Nazi links," September 10, 1988.

Project Paperclip: the CIA Nazi recruitment program - many of the
think tanks and organizations behind Bush got their ideas directly
from these former Nazi officials.

http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~shale/humanities/composition/assignments/experiment/paperclip.html

Head of Florida holocaust Museum links Bush family to Nazis
"The Bush family fortune came from the Third Reich." -John
Loftus, former US Justice Dept. Nazi War Crimes investigator
and President of the Florida Holocaust Museum quoted in the
Sarasota Herald-Tribune 11/11/2000

http://www.newscoast.com/headlinesstory2.cfm?ID=35115

4/14/1990 New York Times quotes George Bush as stating,
"Lets forgive the Nazi war criminals."

US releases Nazi documents (AP)
http://www.apbnews.com/media/gfiles/1999/11/03/nazis1103_01.html


Josef Goebbels on propaganda - Understand how the Big Lie
techniques used by the Bush campaign work
http://www.calvin.edu/academic/cas/gpa/goebmain.htm

Eugenics sites (the Bush family are among the world's top
advocates for eugenics)
http://www.notdeadyet.org/eughis.html
http://www.techreview.com/articles/as96/allen.html
http://www.hli.org/issues/pp/bcreview/index.html
http://users.erols.com/straymond/EUGENICS2.htm
http://home.att.net/~eugenics
http://www.sightings.com/general3/eugene.htm
http://www.biol.tsukuba.ac.jp/~macer/SG.html

Fluoride info
(Alcoa, which plays a major role in the Bush administration, is
the world's leading producer of fluoride and was a leading ally
of Nazi Germany)
http://204.181.21.150/trufax/fluoride/flchrono.html

Gulf War Syndrome and how the George Bush administration
supplied Iraq with chemical and biological warfare materials,
allowed US servicemen and women to be exposed to them and
then covered up the entire scandal by Air Force Captain Joyce
Riley
http://www.all-natural.com/riley.html
http://www.biblebelievers.org.au/gulf.htm

A very interesting chronology of world events related to the
Bush family and the new administration's goals
http://www.trufax.org/chrono/cre.html

Cheney links
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/cheney1.html
http://www.weeklywire.com/ww/08-28-00/austin_pols_feature2.html
http://www.campaignwatch.org
http://www.weeklywire.com/ww/08-28-00/austin_pols_feature2.html
http://www.l0pht.com/pub/blackcrwl/patriot/north_and_constitution.txt
http://www.findarticles.com/m1295/9_64/65014757/p1/article.jhtml
http://www.monitor.net/monitor/0008a/cheneydislike.html
http://www.motherjones.com/news_wire/cheney.html
http://www.foreignpolicy-infocus.org/papers/micr/introduction.html#Figure_1
http://www.l0pht.com/pub/blackcrwl/patriot/north_and_constitution.txt
http://www.foreignpolicy-infocus.org/papers/micr/mission.html

"A clique of U.S. industrialists is hell-bent to bring a fascist state
to supplant our democratic government and is working closely
with the fascist regime in Germany and Italy. I have had plenty of
opportunity in my post in Berlin to witness how close some of
our American ruling families are to the Nazi regime. . . Certain
American industrialists had a great deal to do with bringing
fascist regimes into being in both Germany and Italy. They
extended aid to help Fascism occupy the seat of power, and they
are helping to keep it there."-William E. Dodd, U.S. Ambassador
to Germany, 1937. See: Shadow of the Swastika
http://www.capnasty.org/taf/issue7/elkhorn1.htm and
http://users.actweb.net/~eye/arms_industry_world_war_2.htm

	Right Wing Organizations
	For over 25 years, People For the American Way Foundation (PFAWF) has countered the Right Wing’s efforts to roll back, or stop, social justice progress and to reshape government and society to its liking. Our research center monitors the power of right-wing groups, documenting their connections, funding, and reporting on their political influence. Right-wing organizations come in all shapes and sizes, from think tanks to legal groups, local and national lobbying organizations, foundations and media forums. At any given moment, the Right is at work in our public school systems, courthouses, in Congress and state assemblies. At the same time, right-wing groups are reaching huge audiences through media outlets they own or influence—promoting regressive policies that seek to drive wedges between and among Americans. These often single-issue groups have the ability to create multi-issue networks that can respond on a wide range of issues. People For the American Way Foundation’s library has files on over 800 groups and almost 300 individuals documenting their activities and providing information about their efforts to reshape society. This section presents a small portion of that information. Accuracy in Academia African-American Life Alliance All Children Matter Inc. Alliance Defense Fund American Center for Law and Justice American Civil Rights Institute American Conservative Union American Enterprise Institute American Family Association American Legislative Exchange Council American Life League American Society for Tradition, Family and Property Americans for Tax Reform Arlington Group Black America's Political Action Committee Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation Campaign for Working Families PAC Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights Cato Institute Center for the Study of Popular Culture Christian Coalition of America Christian Legal Society Club for Growth Collegiate Network Coalition for a Fair Judiciary Committee for Justice Concerned Women for America Eagle Forum Eagle Forum Collegians Family Research Council Federalist Society for Law and Public Policy Studies Focus on the Family FRCAction Free Congress Research and Education Foundation FreedomWorks Heritage Foundation High Impact Leadership Coalition Hispanic Alliance for Progress Institute Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace Independent Women's Forum Institute for Justice Intercollegiate Studies Institute Judeo-Christian Council for Constitutional Restoration Judicial Confirmation Network Landmark Legal Foundation Leadership Institute Pioneer Institute for Public Policy Research Madison Project National Association of Scholars National Center for Policy Analysis National Right to Life Committee National Taxpayers Union New Coalition for Economic and Social Change State Policy Network Students for Academic Freedom Toward Tradition Traditional Values Coalition WallBuilders Young America's Foundation

	Accuracy in Academia 4455 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 330 Washington, DC 20008 www.academia.org Founded: by Reed Irvine in 1985 Executive Director: Malcolm “Mal” Kline Finances: $285, 643 (2002 budget) Publications: Campus Report, a monthly newspaper Affiliated with: Accuracy in Media AIA's Principal Issues: AIA’s Activities: AIA's History: Quotes about AIA: AIA's Principal Issues: Main issues: combating Title IX, multicultural education, and abortion, and fighting “liberal” ideas that are offensive to right-wing students. Asserts that many colleges and universities are openly dedicated to “indoctrinating” students with liberal or communist philosophy. AIA seeks to expose “the exploitation of the classroom or university resources to indoctrinate students; discrimination against students, faculty or administrators based on political or academic beliefs; and campus violations of free speech.” Back to Top AIA’s Activities: AIA monitors and documents “[t]he use of classroom and/or university resources to indoctrinate students.” AIA’s monthly publication Campus Report focuses on “three issues: the exploitation of the classroom or university resources to indoctrinate students; discrimination against students, faculty or administrators based on political or academic beliefs; and campus violations of free speech.” Sponsors an annual “Conservative University” conference. Recent speakers include: John Lott, author of More Guns, Less Crime, Joseph Farah of WorldNetDaily, Rep. Tom Tancredo (R-Colo.), Lori Waters of Eagle Forum and Conservative Caucus chairman Howard Phillips. Sells books such as Ann Coulter’s Treason,Why the Left Hates America by Daniel Flynn and Preachers of Hate: Islam and the War on America by Kenneth Timmerman. AIA has characterized the NAACP’s founder, W.E.B. Du Bois, as the “Father of Bad Multiculturalism.” According to AIA, “W.E.B. Du Bois is the father of the multiculturalism that is currently pervasive on American campuses. This is a multiculturalism that is…preoccupied with the negative aspects, both real and imagined, of our own culture.” Back to Top AIA's History: Founded by Reed Irvine to monitor college and university professors for teaching “disinformation” and “liberal” bias. The group clamed that 10,000 known Marxists teach on university campuses nationwide. Accuracy, Fairness and Balance in Higher Education” published in 1985. According to AIA “youth are being indoctrinated” on liberal arts campuses. AIA will investigate reports from students of seriously inaccurate information being imparted by classroom instructors—either through lectures or required reading material. AIA will try to discuss the matter with the teacher to determine whether or not the complaint is valid and to see if the teacher would be willing to make a correction. In cases where the professor declines this opportunity, AIA will employ other means to call the error to the attention of students and others who may be interested, including AIA supporters throughout the country. In the eighties the group’s monitoring campaign caused widespread controversy on higher education campuses, eliciting fear and anger among academics and students. President Reagan’s Secretary of Education, William Bennett, called Irvine’s academic watchdog group “a bad idea.” Malcolm Kline was named AIA’s new executive director in fall 2003. He worked at the National Journalism Center for twenty years. Kline has written for: Newsmax.com, National Catholic Register, Catholic News Service, and Washington Times’s Insight magazine. AIA’s former Executive Director was Daniel Flynn, author of Why the Left Hates America. Back to Top Quotes about AIA: “Accuracy in Academia plays an indispensable role in fighting the political distortions and biases that pass for knowledge on today’s college campuses. I am looking forward to being part of a campaign to challenge students to think more accurately and broad-mindedly about the fundamental issues that affect their lives.” -- Dinesh D’Souza, author and right-wing speaker “Accuracy in Academia is reaching the leaders of tomorrow with the truth about the sexual revolution ignited in the 60s and raging today all about them. This awareness is critical to properly equipping the leaders of tomorrow. Accuracy in Academia is a lone voice carrying the message of truth and hope to a generation that seldom, if ever, is able to access the truth about America's crucial and fragile social constructs that have made us free. I am proud to stand with AIA as they relentlessly seek to provide to America's college student America's measured and true standard for a free society's smallest building block, marriage and family.” -- Judith A. Reisman, a right-wing speaker and author, published Crafting “Gay” Children: An Inquiry into the Abuse of Vulnerable Youth via Government Schooling & Mainstream Media in 2001. “If sanity ever returns to the academic world, part of the credit will go to a small newspaper called Campus Report, which has exposed innumerable incidents of brainwashing replacing education on college campuses, storm trooper tactics being accepted and rewarded by ‘responsible’ college administrators, and academic and behavioral double standards being applied to the group to which one belongs, rather than one’s own behavior or performance.” -- Thomas Sowell, author and syndicated columnist Back to Top

	African-American Life Alliance The African-American Life Alliance (AALA) is a small, religious, anti-choice organization whose mission is to preach against abortion, sexual promiscuity and “illicit moral activities.” Though AALA is predominately a one-person group, its founder and director Paulette Roseboro is frequently quoted in right-wing and anti-choice materials in an effort to reach out to the African American community. The African-American Life Alliance One Staton Drive Upper Marlboro, MD 20774 Mailing Address: P.O. Box 3722, Capitol Heights, Maryland 20791 Website: www.lifedrum.org Founder/Executive Director: Paulette Roseboro [bio] Founded: 1991 Purpose/Mission Statement Activities History Purpose/Mission Statement The stated mission of the African-American Life Alliance (AALA) is “to educate the Black Community about how sexual promiscuity and illicit moral activities have invaded our communities and are eroding our families, organizations, schools, and churches.” The AALA focuses primarily on abolishing abortion, and preaches abstinence; it promotes teaching creationism in schools, and advocates traditional gender roles for men and women. As described by its website, the AALA argues that “The Church must be on constant vigil for Satan lurks in his darkness like a voracious lion awaiting attack. He camouflages himself in worldly reason and logic, giving unsound rationale to sinful acts.” The AALA is a religious organization that strictly interprets the Bible and condemns the practice of abortion. The AALA equates the 1973 Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade (which legalized abortion) to the 1857 Dred Scott Case, which legalized slavery. Both Blacks and the “Unborn” were ruled to be “non-persons,” whose lives were/are in the hands of the slave-owner or the mother, respectively. The African-American Life Alliance accepts nothing less than abstinence until marriage for sexual activity; it claims that “sexual purity is achieved only through chastity and abstinence for teens and singles and marital fidelity for marriedes [sic].” AALA argues that “condoms provide virtually no protection” against sexually-transmitted diseases. Back to Top Activities Anti-abortion articles by Paulette Roseboro have appeared on numerous right-wing sites. Roseboro also testified against human cloning before the National Bioethics Advisory Commission in 1997. Her testimony has also been posted to the anti-cloning site, BlackGenocide.org. Roseboro also assisted with the 1999 Newark, New Jersey to Washington, DC, “Say So March” – organized by the Life Education and Resource Network (LEARN), the largest, African-American “pro-life” ministry in the country. Back to Top History The African-American Life Alliance was founded in 1991 by Washington, D.C. native Paulette Roseboro, who quit her job in the federal government to pursue anti-abortion activism full-time. Roseboro is on the staffs of several religious and right-wing political organizations, such as the Greater Washington Christian Education Association, the Maryland Constitution Party – Prince George’s County Chapter and serves on the executive council of the National Clergy Council – “Dedicated to bringing classical Christian moral instruction into discourse on public policy.” Updated: April 2006 Back to Top

	All Children Matter Inc. All Children Matter (ACM) raises money through a network of organizations to help fund campaigns for pro-voucher political candidates. 229 S. Washington Street - Suite 115 Alexandria VA 22314 Website: www.allchildrenmatter.org Executive Director: Greg Brock Founded: 2003 Directors: Betsy DeVos, Richard Sharp, Greg Brock Key Staff: Lisa Lisker, Keith Davis Finances: $7.6 million projected expenditures in 2006 History Purpose Activities Funding Quotes History Dick and Betsy DeVos started All Children Matter (ACM) in the spring of 2003, to recruit, train and fund candidates who will promote vouchers across the country. Today, ACM Inc, a federal “527” organization, is the lead organization of a network of affiliates classified as state or federal Political Action Committee’s (PACs), which can donate money directly to and campaign on behalf of political candidates. With its base of wealthy funders and ability to stealthily intervene in local, state and federal political races, the ACM network is an effective tool for the movement to privatize public education. Back to Top Purpose All Children Matter was started to fund pro-voucher political candidates Aside from donating directly to campaigns, ACM also funds slick ‘issue ads’ that heavily favor pro-voucher candidates. Back to Top Activities In 2004, ACM paid for fliers in support of President Bush’s re-election campaign in Florida. The fliers do not mention vouchers, privatization or even the Right’s favorite euphemism “school choice.” The flier falsely claimed that Senator John Kerry “opposed equal opportunity in education” and stated that President Bush supported increased education funding. Campaign finance laws require political groups to clearly identify themselves on their ads. Though the phrase “no matter what, All Children Matter” appears at the bottom of the flier, ACM inc. does not explicitly claim responsibility for it. Also in 2004, ACM paid for a last minute radio ad blitz in Missouri on behalf of gubernatorial candidate Matt Blunt. After his election, Blunt appointed Ed Martin, ACM-MO’s treasurer to be his Chief of Staff and personally pushed pro-voucher legislation backed by ACM. In the summer of 2004, the estate of Wal-Mart heir John Walton donated more than $2 million to All Children Matter-Virginia, which, according to the Virginia Public Access Project promptly funneled money to an affiliate group in Florida. The Florida group then spent that money to support pro-voucher candidates in the state, without having to disclose the individuals who donated it. Relevant disclosure forms for the Florida groups will show only that money came in from All Children Matter-Virginia, with no disclosure of a connection to the Walton family. All Children Matter-Virginia appears to be the centerpiece of this scheme. ACM-VA is seeing an unprecedented cash flow even though it can only spend money in Virginia on state races and there are none in 2006. ACM-VA acts a conduit to stealthfully distribute money to other states. According to campaign finance records, just before the 2006 primary elections in Missouri, businessman and financial analyst Rex Sinquefield donated $100,000 to an All Children Matter affiliate in that state, which in turn spent the entire sum in the eight days leading up to the election on behalf of only five pro-voucher candidates. All Children Matter enabled Sinquefield to donate much more to each of these candidates than would have been legal had he given money directly to their campaigns. In a 2006 Colorado primary, ACM began pouring thousands of dollars into one race in the form of direct mail and advertisements to support a pro-voucher state incumbent who was far behind his opponent in fundraising. Back to Top Funding The All Children Matter network receives large amounts of funding from a small group of ultra-wealthy donors. These donors include Dick DeVos and other members of his family, the estate of Wall-Mart heir John Walton, JC Huizenga, Ted Forstman, Dino Cortopassi, John D. Bryan, Joseph Robert, Jr., Peter Flannigan, Richard Gilder, Rick Sharp, Roger Hertog, Virginia Manheimer, and Bruce Kovner. Back to Top Quotes "I know a little something about soft money, as my family is the largest single contributor of soft money to the national Republican Party. I have decided, however, to stop taking offense at the suggestion that we are buying influence. Now I simply concede the point. They are right. We do expect some things in return.” - Betsy DeVos (Roll Call, 1997) Back to Top

	Alliance Defense Fund Founded by a group of high-profile Religious Right leaders such as D. James Kennedy and James Dobson, the Alliance Defense Fund (ADF) sees itself as a counter to the ACLU. As a legal group, it assists and augments the efforts of other right-wing groups to “keep the door open for the spread of the Gospel.” The ADF has been active on issues including pushing “marriage protection,” exposing the “homosexual agenda” and fighting the supposed “war on Christmas.” Alliance Defense Fund 15333 N. Pima Road - Suite 165 Scottsdale AZ 85260 Website: www.alliancedefensefund.org Founders: Bill Bright, founder of Campus Crusade for Christ; Larry Burkett, founder of Christian Financial Concepts; Rev. James Dobson, founder of Focus on the Family; Rev. D. James Kennedy, founder of Coral Ridge Ministries; Marlin Maddoux, President of International Christian Media; Don Wildmon, founder of American Family Association; and 25+ other ministries. Founded: 1994 President and General Counsel: Alan Sears Officers, Directors, Trustees, and Key Employees: Alan Sears, Wayne N. Swindler, Marv McCarthy Other Staff: 38 employees Finances: $15,744,101 (2003 budget) Major Donors: Bill and Berniece Grewcock Foundation, Richard and Helen DeVos Foundation, Bradley Foundation. Principal Issues Background Alan Sears’ Background Quotes Principal Issues The Alliance Defense Fund (ADF) is a Christian legal firm established by more than 30 Christian ministries to help defend “family values” and work against the ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union). ADF defines itself by its ability to strategize and coordinate with lawyers all over the United States. Lawyers who sign up for their “Blackstone Legal Institute” are expected to donate 450 pro bono hours over a three year period. ADF has coordinated more than 750 lawyers and 125 right-wing organizations, and many conservative ministries on behalf of ADF-defined Christian legal issues. ADF claims 25 “victories” before the Supreme Court, including: Boy Scouts of America v. Dale (2000), which allowed the Boy Scouts to fire a Scout Leader due solely to his sexual orientation; United States v. American Library Association (2003), in which the Court voted to allow the federal government to withhold federal funds if libraries did not comply with the filtering called for by the Children’s Internet Protection Act of 2000; and Zelman v. Simmons-Harris (2002), upheld Ohio’s school voucher system, which allows for parents to send their children to private or religious schools with taxpayer-funded vouchers. ADF has linked more than 125 groups to create a combined effort to fight for their issues. They’ve brought together attorneys and allied legal groups to help develop a national strategy on controversial social issues, for example they worked with others to develop a national strategy to “protect marriage” across the United States after Vermont's decision to legalize civil unions for gays and lesbians. In addition to organizing lawyers and ministries, ADF also trains and recruits and provides grants to support legal cases as well as pro-bono assistance. ADF also defends the right of Christians to “share the gospel” in workplaces and public schools, claiming that any efforts to curb proselytizing at work and school are anti-Christian. ADF has had success in anti-gay cases all over the US, from Alaska to Massachusetts. Back to Top Background Unique to the Alliance Defense Fund (ADF) is their collective of high-power founders, including wealthy right-wing organizations such as Dobson’s Focus on the Family and D. James Kennedy’s Coral Ridge Ministries. The ADF embodies the beliefs of its founders, harnessing the efforts of a cadre of right-wing groups with hundreds of millions of dollars at their disposal. All of these groups are influential members of the Right; they are pro-life and anti-gay, and their ultimate goal is to see the law and U.S. government enshrined with conservative Christian principles. The relationship between ADF and it’s founders is one of mutual self-interest; ADF has access to the resources and networking of large organizations, who in turn are equipped with an endless supply of readily-available lawyers. ADF’s strength goes beyond their budget due to their influence with well-funded religious-right groups. Two issues common to each of ADF’s founders are their work against the right to abortion, and against the civil rights/liberties of gays and lesbians. They are particularly persistent in attacking attempts by homosexuals to have families, establish domestic partnerships or civil unions, or to be protected from discrimination in employment or housing. Back to Top Alan Sears’ Background Alan Sears was the Executive Director of the Attorney General’s Commission on Pornography under President Ronald Reagan. Sears was a federal prosecutor for former Secretary of Interior Don Hodel (former Christian Coalition President), and has produced several anti-gay works, such as The Homosexual Agenda in paperback, and Exposing the Homosexual Agenda on broadcast cassette. Back to Top Quotes “The Alliance Defense Fund is a servant organization that provides the resources that will keep the door open for the spread of the Gospel through the legal defense and advocacy of religious freedom, the sanctity of human life, and traditional family values.” – The Alliance Defense Fund website, February 2006 Updated: August 2006 Back to Top

	American Center for Law and Justice Founded by Pat Robertson, the American Center for Law and Justice (ACLJ) and its Chief Counsel Jay Sekulow quickly established themselves as key players in the right-wing movement, litigating a variety of cases at all levels, including the Supreme Court. The ACLJ has been particularly active in fighting marriage equality and defending the Pledge of Allegiance, while Sekulow has maintained very close ties to the Bush White House and played a central role in pushing for the confirmation of Supreme Court Justices Roberts and Alito. American Center for Law and Justice PO Box 64429 1000 Regent University Drive Virginia Beach, VA 23467 Website: www.aclj.org Founder: Pat Robertson, founder of the 700 Club, Christian Coalition, Operation Blessing, Regent University Date established: 1990 Executive Director/Chief Counsel: Jay Sekulow Publications: Newsletter, education pamphlets, reports, and Foundations of Freedom, a free booklet on the "nation's most important documents." Annual Budget: $14,650,162 (2004) Employees: 50 Media: Sekulow has been a popular guest on nationally televised news programs on ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN, FOX, MSNBC, CNBC, and PBS. He is also frequently quoted in articles published in the mainstream press. Media: “Jay Sekulow Live!” is a daily weekday radio show that is aired on over 550 radio stations in the U.S., heard by 1.5 million listeners; "ACLJ This Week" broadcasts throughout the week on multiple cable TV channels. Principal Issues Activities About Jay Sekulow Quotes Principal Issues The American Center for Law and Justice (ACLJ) is a legal advocacy group “dedicated to defending and advancing religious liberty, the sanctity of human life, and the two-parent, marriage-bound family.” ACLJ is a strong supporter of the Federal Marriage Amendment intended to ban same-sex marriage. ACLJ has been involved with more than 30 cases before the United States Supreme Court and has been successful in many of its lawsuits. ACLJ is a strong supporter of school vouchers and filed a friend-of-the-court brief in the 2002 Cleveland voucher case before the Supreme Court. The ACLJ supports the funding of faith-based social services, religious proclamations in the public domain, and often equates religious expression with patriotism. ACLJ strongly opposes the right to legal, safe abortion and provides legal help to pro-life protesters who harass women seeking reproductive services. The ACLJ challenges domestic partnership benefits for city and state employees, anti-discrimination ordinances that include sexual orientation, and generally fights against the right of gays and lesbians to be parents. The ACLJ's legal services are free. Back to Top Activities In 2004-2005, the American Center for Law and Justice (ACLJ) played a key role in the effort to eliminate the minority party’s ability to make use of a senatorial filibuster for judicial nominees. ACLJ gives free legal advice and counsel and maintains a national Christian Affiliate Attorney list for referrals. Two of the Supreme Court cases argued by Sekulow have become benchmark cases in the area of religious liberty litigation. In Board of Education of Westside Community Schools v. Mergens (496 US 226), Sekulow argued the right of public school students to form Bible clubs and religious organizations on their school campuses. In Lamb's Chapel v. Center Moriches School District, Sekulow defended the rights of religious groups to use public school property for religious meetings after hours. A few other examples of ACLJ cases: ACLJ defended a group of parents who drove a transsexual teacher out of her job in Minnesota, Supported a Kmart pharmacist who refused to dispense birth control pills, and Pursued litigation over various claims that children are being told that they cannot pray on school grounds or talk about their religion. Back to Top About Jay Sekulow Jay Sekulow helped draft the Defense of the Marriage Act (DOMA), which passed both houses and was signed into law by President Bill Clinton in 1996. DOMA allows states to reject the legitimacy of same-sex marriage licenses awarded in other states, although, to this day no state offers marriage licenses to same-sex couples. Sekulow helped draft DOMA: “[and] at the request of several pro-family legislators, [I] gave expert testimony to both houses of Congress on this bill.” (Jay Sekulow, 1997) The National Law Journal has twice named Sekulow one of the “100 Most Influential Lawyers” in the United States. (1994, 1997); he is a leading conservative lawyer, and has argued numerous cases before the Supreme Court. In 2005, Sekulow was named one of the "25 Most Influential Evangelicals" in America by TIME Magazine. Sekulow has also worked closely with the White House in promoting and defending the Bush administration’s Supreme Court nominees. Back to Top Quotes "This great American institution [Boy Scouts of America] has come under attack from homosexual activists—who may well set their sights on your church next." – Jay Sekulow, direct mail, March 2000 "Can you imagine, that in public schools of America today, students are being taught that homosexual conduct, which in many states is still deemed illegal, is not only a viable alternative lifestyle, but is actually equal to heterosexual relationships?" – Jay Sekulow, January 2, 1997, Danbury News-Times Updated: August 2006 Back to Top

	American Civil Rights Institute Founder Ward Connerly and the American Civil Rights Institute (ACRI) oppose affirmative action and any government/education policies that grant priority or preference to certain racial groups over others. ACRI has promoted legislation and “reform” in state policies and individual university or college criteria to end such programs. Continuing his state-by-state attack on affirmative action policies, Connerly co-founded the so-called “Michigan Civil Rights Initiative” (MCRI), a 2006 ballot initiative to ban affirmative action in state “hiring, contracting, and admissions to public schools.” On November 7, 2006, Michigan voters approved the affirmative action ban by 58-42 percent. American Civil Rights Institute P.O. Box 188350 Sacramento CA 95818 Website: www.acri.org Founder/Chairman: Ward Connerly Vice Chairman: Thomas L. Rhodes (2003) Founded/Place: 1997, California Director: Edward J. Blum Finances: $2,203,864 (2004) Publications: The Egalitarian (newsletter) Affiliate Groups: American Civil Rights Coalition; Michigan Civil Rights Initiative Purpose History Activities Funding Quotes Purpose The American Civil Rights Institute (ACRI) opposes affirmative action and any government/education policies that take race into consideration. It has promoted legislation and “reform” in state policies and individual university or college criteria to end such programs. Founder Ward Connerly and ACRI’s attacks on affirmative action policies have proved successful in California, Washington State and Michigan, but their efforts have failed in Florida. Back to Top History In 1996, Ward Connerly led the so-called “California Civil Rights Initiative” – the successful campaign for a ballot referendum (Proposition 209) to end all affirmative action programs in California state government. The American Civil Rights Institute – American Civil Rights Coalition was formed by Connerly in 1997 to take the battle against affirmative action nationwide. Critics charge that Connerly used his 12-year position as a University of California Regent (1993-2005) as a “bully pulpit” to promote his divisive agenda. Back to Top Activities 1998: Washington state voters approve “Initiative 200” which bans the state from using race, gender or sex to give preferential treatment in employment, contracting or public education admissions. 1999: Connerly launches a petition drive in support of a 2000 ballot initiative to overturn affirmative action policies in Florida. While proponents of the “Florida Civil Rights Initiative” gathered enough signatures and waited for the state Supreme Court to approve the ballot language, momentum faltered and organizing stopped. In March 2000, a march on the state capitol in Tallahassee by thousands of civil rights supporters angered over Gov. Jeb Bush’s own anti-affirmative action plan (“One Florida”), along with the concern of many Republicans that a 2000 ballot measure would increase moderate/progressive voter turnout and would hurt GOP presidential candidate George W. Bush, may have doomed the Florida Civil Rights Initiative. 2002: ACRI’s “Racial Privacy Initiative” – a "proposed constitutional amendment that would ban state and local governments from collecting racial data" – is certified for the California ballot. On October 7, 2003 California voters defeated the Racial Privacy Initiative (Prop 54) by a margin of 64% to 36%. Connerly blames “legal challenges filed by the unholy triumvirate of the American Civil Liberties Union, the Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund, and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People” against ACRI and the American Civil Rights Coalition along with having the measure moved to the special election to recall Gov. Gray Davis as causes for its failure to pass. January, 2003: The Individual Rights Foundation – the legal arm of David Horowitz’s Center for the Study of Popular Culture – submits an amicus brief [PDF file] on behalf of Ward Connerly to the U.S. Supreme Court inGrutter v. Bollinger & Gratz v. Bollinger, attacking the affirmative action policies of the University of Michigan. January 2003: The American Civil Rights Institute, along with the Center for Equal Opportunity and the Independent Women's Forum, filed an amicus brief [PDF file] with the U.S. Supreme Court supporting the petitioners in Grutter v. Bollinger & Gratz v. Bollinger. October 2003: The American Civil Rights Institute, along with the Center for Equal Opportunity and the Independent Women's Forum, files a friend-of-the-court brief [PDF file] with the U.S. Supreme Court. The brief urges the Court to grant review in Grutter v. Bollinger. Connerly is a co-founder of the “Michigan Civil Rights Initiative” – which formed to place an anti-affirmative action ballot measure on the 2006 ballot. According to its website, the Michigan Civil Rights Initiative (MCRI) would amend “the Michigan Constitution to prohibit discrimination by state and local governments against anyone based on their race, sex, color, ethnicity or national origin. The ban would apply to hiring, contracting, and admissions to public schools.” The MCRI was endorsed by the Mystic Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. On November 7, 2006, Michigan voters approved the affirmative action ban (Proposal 2) by 58-42 percent. Back to Top Funding The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation of Milwaukee gave Connerly $700,000 in 2001 for the anti-affirmative action campaign in California. That same year he got $200,000 from Richard Mellon Scaife, and another $150,000 from the Olin Foundation. In 2005, Connerly was named a “Bradley Prize” honoree by the Bradley Foundation and awarded $250,000 by the right-wing foundation. Back to Top Quotes "Recent events in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina have reaffirmed for me, however, the complete folly of any Republican strategy to increase black representation in the Republican Party by appeals based on race. Whatever the name – 'African American Outreach' or 'Black Republicans for Bush' – any effort to attract blacks or any other ethnic group to the Republican party, based on explicit or implicit appeals to race or ethnic identity, are not only a waste of time and resources, but are also misguided and potentially quite damaging to the nation." – Ward Connerly ["End the Race Party," National Review, September 30, 2005] "Let it be said that when given a chance to complete the liberation of black Americans, on June 23, 2003 five justices consigned them to another generation — or, perhaps, a term of indefinite duration — of virtual enslavement to the past." – Ward Connerly, responding to the U.S. Supreme Court’s Michigan rulings ["Murder at the Supreme Court," National Review, July 26, 2003] "The Grutter and Gratz decisions, taken together, represent a sad and tragic chapter in American history." – Ward Connerly, responding to the U.S. Supreme Court’s Michigan rulings [National Review, July 26, 2003] "The court made a very ambiguous ruling - and a sickening one. It left the nation in the position of agony. . . . We will be fighting this battle for another 25 years or more." – Ward Connerly, responding to the U.S. Supreme Court’s Michigan rulings [Washington Times, July 24, 2003] "Passionate ideological opposition to race preferences does not seem to be part of the Bush DNA, and President Bush has been no exception to this rule . . . It is not the legitimate business of government in America to promote 'diversity.'" – Ward Connerly on the White House briefs in the Supreme Court Michigan cases, Washington Times [January 21, 2003] Updated: November 2006 Back to Top

	American Conservative Union Founded by William F. Buckley in 1964, the American Conservative Union (ACU) is one of the nation’s oldest lobbying groups on the Right. It is best known for its annual ratings of Congress and its sponsorship of the annual Conservative Political Action Convention (CPAC), a gathering of Washington insiders, right-wing pundits and grassroots activists from across the country. American Conservative Union 1007 Cameron Street Alexandria, Virginia 22314 Websites: www.conservative.org or www.cpac.org Founders: William F. Buckley, Jr.: L. Brent Bozell: Frank S. Meyer; John Chamberlain; Jameson Campaigne, Sr.; John Ashbrook; Katherine St. George; and Robert E. Bauman Chairman: David A. Keene Established: December 1964 Finances: American Conservative Union [501(c)4] - $3,810,745 (2004) and American Conservative Union Foundation [501(c)3] - $1,068,592 (2005) Board members include: Senator Jesse Helms; Grover Norquist, Morton Blackwell, also on the Conservative Leadership PAC and Free Congress Foundation boards; and Becky Norton Dunlop, also serves on boards of the Heritage Foundation, the Family Foundation and Century Communications Frequent Donors: The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation; the Bill and Berniece Grewcock Foundation; and the William E. Simon Foundation Affiliated with: American Conservative Union Foundation, American Conservative Union PAC, Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) Publications: Battle Line quarterly newsletter, along with reports and legislative guides for Congress Principle Issues Activities History Quotes about ACU Quotes from ACU Principle Issues The American Conservative Union (ACU) defines itself as the nation's oldest conservative lobbying organization. ACU is a multi-issue, umbrella organization that specializes in grassroots organizing as well as organizing and supporting conservative leadership. The organization’s mission statement describes its commitment to “a market economy, the doctrine of original intent of the framers of the Constitution, traditional moral values, and a strong national defense.” Back to Top Activities Since 1971, the American Conservative Union (ACU) has published Congressional member ratings on a scale of zero to 100, according to their conservative standards. Since 1974, ACU has hosted the annual Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC). CPAC is the largest conservative conference in the United States. CPAC speakers have included: Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush, Dick Cheney, John Ashcroft, Pat Robertson, Pat Buchanan, Dick Armey, Jesse Helms, Tom DeLay, Trent Lott, Senator Sam Brownback, Bob Barr, Phyllis Schlafly, Beverly LaHaye, William Bennett, Ralph Reed, columnist George Will, Gary Bauer, Alan Keyes, Grover Norquist, Charlton Heston of the NRA, Condoleezza Rice, Ann Coulter, David Horowitz, Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris, Dr. Laura Schlessinger, Oliver North, Rev. Lou Sheldon of Traditional Values Coalition, and many other conservative pundits, writers, and politicians. ACU claims its “most significant efforts,” include “fighting to keep OSHA off the backs of small businesses; opposing the Panama Canal giveaway; challenging the SALT treaties; supporting aid to freedom fighters in communist countries; promoting the confirmation of conservative justices to the Supreme Court; advocating near-term deployment of strategic defenses; and battling against higher taxes and wasteful government spending.” In 1992, the ACU Board of Directors endorsed Patrick Buchanan's presidential candidacy. During the Clinton presidency, ACU remained a strong, vocal critic on issues such as health care. ACU’s director Donald Devine led a country-wide bus tour, called the “National Health Care Truth Tour.” Hillary Clinton herself stated that ACU’s activities were largely responsible for the defeat of the administration’s health plan proposal in 1993. ACU opposes the Patriot Act and in March 2005, joined the "Patriots to Restore Checks and Balances," coalition which includes groups ranging from the Americans for Tax Reform and the American Civil Liberties Union. Back to Top History In 1974, ACU established and sponsored the first Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC). Reagan was a “long-time friend and ally” of ACU. In 1975, ACU asked Ronald Reagan to run for president, and has since assumed credit for the success of his ultimate election in 1980. ACU and its state affiliates established one of the first independent campaigns on behalf of a presidential candidate. ACU orchestrated the campaign to elect Reagan, running hundreds of radio and newspaper ads comparing candidate Reagan to President Ford, labeling Reagan a conservative visionary and Ford a liberal. ACU launched "Project One Million" in 1981, seeking at least one million backers of a "Petition of Support" for Reagan's economic plan. Back to Top Quotes about ACU “The ACU doesn't rate presidents, but a president can rate you. This is a fine group of decent citizens, principled citizens, and tonight I am proud to stand with the ACU.” – President George W. Bush, 2004 (ACU website) "ACU is the key to my plans to change the direction of government." – President Ronald Reagan (ACU website) "Conservatives all across America can be proud of what ACU has accomplished over the years. Moreover, its future promises a vital role in the struggle to return our nation to the principles upon which it was founded." – Senator Jesse Helms (ACU website) Back to Top Quotes from ACU “A body turned up on Capitol Hill this past week – beaten to a pulp, almost unrecognizable. Its name: Comprehensive Immigration Reform (CIR). That’s the bill that would have granted amnesty to 12 million illegal aliens and invited the world to come UNINVITED to our house and bring the kids. The death of CIR is a victory for our side. But sadly, like the Frankenstein monster, CIR will probably rise from the dead after the fall elections.” – ACU Action Alert, September 28, 2006 “We MUST demand -- NOW -- that a united Republican delegation bring ALL conservative nominees to the floor for an up-or-down vote! Some of the best judges in the nation have been left twisting in the wind -- literally for years -- while conservatives bicker among themselves. The time to break the back of liberal judicial obstruction once and for all is NOW!” – ACU Action Alert, August 29, 2006 Updated: December 2006 Back to Top

	American Enterprise Institute The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research (AEI) is one of the oldest and most influential of the pro-business right-wing think tanks. It promotes the advancement of free enterprise capitalism, and has been extremely successful in placing its people in influential governmental positions, particularly in the Bush Administration. AEI has been described as one of the country's main bastions of neoconservatism. American Enterprise Institute 1150 Seventeenth Street NW Washington, DC 20036 Website: www.aei.org Established: 1943 President/Executive Director: Christopher DeMuth Finances: $24,934,545 (2003 income) Employees: more than 50 resident scholars and fellows Board of Trustees: Chairman Bruce Kovner (Caxton Associations, LLC); Vice Chair Lee R. Raymond (Exxon Mobil Corporation); Treasurer Tully M. Friedman (Friedman, Fleischer, & Lowe LLC); Gordon M. Binder (Coastview Capital, LLC); Harlan Crow (Crow Holdings); Christopher DeMuth (American Enterprise Institute); Morton H. Fleischer (Spirit Finance Corp.); Christopher B. Galvin (Motorola); Raymond V. Gilmartin (Merck & Co.); Harvey Golub (American Express Co.); Robert F. Greenhill (Greenhill & Co., LLC) ; Roger Hertog (Alliance Capital Management Corporation); Martin M. Koffel (URS Corporation); John A. Luke, Jr. (MeadWestvaco Corp.); L. Ben Lytle (Anthem, Inc.); Alex Mandl (Gemplus International); Robert A. Pritzker (Colson Associates, Inc.); J. Joe Ricketts (Ameritrade Holding Corporation); Kevin B. Rollins (Dell, Inc.); John W. Rowe (Exelon Corp.); Edward B. Rust, Jr. (State Farm Insurance Co.); William S. Stavropoulos (Dow Chemical Co.); Wilson H. Taylor (CIGNA Corp.); Marilyn Ware (American Water); James Q. Wilson (Pepperdine University) Publications: Monthly newsletter, dozens of books and hundreds of articles and reports each year, and a glossy policy magazine, The American Enterprise. Principal Issues American Enterprise Institute (AEI) is a think tank for conservatives, neoconservatives, and conservative libertarians. Areas of interest include: America’s “culture war,” domestic policy and federal spending, education reform, neoconservatism, affirmative action, and welfare reform. President George W. Bush has appointed over a dozen people from AEI to senior positions in his administration. AEI claims that this is more than any other research institution. Activities AEI sponsors and participates in debates and lectures on many issues. AEI scholars have testified before Congress on a variety of issues. Several AEI scholars have written articles in favor of government censorship of the arts. Scholar Michael Novak has argued that prayer belongs in public schools and that it doesn’t violate the establishment clause. AEI scholars have advocated federally-funded school voucher programs. Background and History Most of AEI’s Board of Directors are CEOs of major companies, including ExxonMobil, Motorola, American Express, State Farm Insurance, and Dow Chemicals. Big donors include the top conservative foundations, including Smith-Richardson Foundation, the Olin Foundation, the Scaife Foundation, and the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation. Corporate supporters have included: General Electric Foundation, Amoco, Kraft Foundation, Ford Motor Company Fund, General Motors Foundation, Eastman Kodak Foundation, Metropolitan Life Foundation, Proctor & Gamble Fund, Shell Companies Foundation, Chrysler Corporation, Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, General Mills Foundation, Pillsbury Company Foundation, Prudential Foundation, American Express Foundation, AT&T Foundation, Corning Glass Works Foundation, Morgan Guarantee Trust, Smith-Richardson Foundation, Alcoa Foundation, and PPG Industries. Kenneth Lay, CEO of Enron, was until recently on the board of trustees of American Enterprise Institute. Other famous former trustees include Vice President Dick Cheney. AEI Fellows and Scholars [partial list] Lynne Cheney, wife of Vice President Dick Cheney and former chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Newt Gingrich, former Speaker of the House. David Frum, a presidential speechwriter for President Bush, contributing editor to the right-wing magazine Weekly Standard. Christina Hoff Sommers, anti-feminist crusader, author of Who Stole Feminism? How Women Betrayed Women. Charles Murray, author of The Bell Curve, a book that asserted inherent intelligence differences between the races. Ben J. Wattenberg, host of PBS weekly show “Think Tank.” Updated: August 2006

	American Family Association The American Family Association (AFA) has been a long-time promoter of "traditional moral values" in the media, particularly television. AFA built its reputation on organizing boycotts against sponsors of TV shows with "anti-Christian" messages and ideas, or against companies it claims support the so-called "homosexual agenda" or marriage equality. American Family Association P.O. Box 2440 Tupelo, Mississippi 38803 Website: www.afa.net Chairman/Founder: The Rev. Donald Wildmon Vice President: Tim Wildmon (son of Donald Wildmon) Founded: 1977 Formerly known as: National Federation for Decency (Changed in 1988) Membership: AFA claims over 500,000 members Finances: $14,186,203 (2004) Staff: About 100 employees and five full-time lawyers Board of Directors: Donald Wildmon, Timothy Wildmon, Forrest Daniels, Rev. Curtis Petrey, Rev. Jack Williams, Rev. Burt Harper, Rev. Bobby Hankins, Dr. Gayle Alexander, Forest Sheffield, Rev. Tim Fortner (2004) State chapters: State Directors in 12 states Funding: From 1998 to 2003, the AFA received $90,000 from 6 grants contributed by the Bill and Berniece Grewcock Foundation Publications: AFA Journal, published monthly, with a circulation of 180,000 Radio: AFA has its own 200-station network of radio stations across the United States Media: AFA has produced videos entitled, “Excess Access,” “It’s Not Gay,” and “Suffer the Children” Affiliate groups: AFA Foundation, Center for Law & Policy, American Family Radio, American Family News Network‘s OneNewsNow.com (formerly Agape Press), and AFA Action - the legislative action arm of the American Family Association Affiliated Websites: ValuesVoters.com – a voter registration and education site; Center for Law & Policy Case Note (blog); OneMillionDads.com; OneMillionMoms.com; AFA Internet Filtering; NoGayMarriage.com; and BoycottFord.com among others Principal Issues Activities AFA Center for Law and Policy AFA State Affiliates Quotes Principal Issues The American Family Association (AFA) targets the media and entertainment industry’s "attack" on "traditional family values." Two of the main duties that AFA assigns to itself are "promoting the centrality of God in American life" and "promoting the Christian ethic of decency." "Indecent” influences in American culture include: television, the separation of church and state, pornography, "the homosexual agenda," premarital sex, legal abortion, the National Endowment for the Arts, gambling, unfiltered internet access in libraries, and the removal of school-sponsored religious worship from public schools. Back to Top Activities The American Family Association (AFA) produces a radio show, “AFA Report,” a 30-minute feature available on about 1,200 local radio stations nationwide. AFA launched their broadcast ministry American Family Radio (AFR) in 1987. AFR has approximately 200 radio stations in 27 states across the country. According to American Family Radio, “AFR has built more stations in a shorter time than any other broadcaster in the history of broadcasting.” The AFA built their small radio empire by applying for “noncommercial educational licenses.” When the FCC refused to certain licenses, the AFA sued the FCC in federal court arguing that to deny religious groups noncommercial broadcasting licenses violates their First Amendment and Equal Protection rights. AFA Action – the legislative action arm of the American Family Association – co-sponsored the 2006 Values Voter Summit with FRC Action, Focus on the Family Action, and Gary Bauer’s Americans United to Preserve Marriage. For over twenty years, one of AFA’s primary activities has been the organization of boycotts against sponsors of TV shows with “anti-Christian” messages and ideas. A few of the hundreds of boycott targets on AFA’s list have included “Saturday Night Live,” “Roseanne,” “Nightline,” “NYPD Blue,” “Ellen,” and “Desperate Housewives.” A major target of AFA’s had been Disney and its subsidiaries; “Disney’s attack on America’s families has become so blatant, so intentional, so obvious, that American Family Association has called for a boycott of all Disney products until such time as this activity ceases.” AFA ended its boycott of Disney in 2005, citing the departure of Disney CEO Michael Eisner and its divestiture of Miramax films as rationale, but openly stating “AFA had moved on to other important issues, such as an increasingly activist judiciary and the push for same-sex marriage.” AFA has created two websites - OneMillionMoms.com and OneMillionDads.com to “help parents do something about the trash on TV.” Both websites organize weekly on-line boycotts of offensive advertising or television shows. The American Family Association (AFA) is alerting its members to companies who are supportive of GLBT employees and is asking “Christian consumers…to think twice before they patronize companies that support the homosexual agenda.” AFA lists major corporations that have non-discrimination policies that include sexual orientation or that offer domestic-partner benefits for same-sex couples, including Eastman Kodak, Citigroup, PepsiCo., American Airlines, Allstate Insurance, and the Coca-Cola Company. “One company losing five to ten percent of its sales will send a clear message to every company in America,” offers Don Wildmon. AFA attacked Kraft Foods (owner of brand names Post, Oscar Meyer, and Maxwell House, among others) for the company’s support of the 2006 Gay Games in Chicago. Wal-Mart and its affiliate Sam’s Club became an AFA boycott target because of the retailer’s support for the National Gay and Lesbian Chamber of Commerce. The American Family Association has called for a national boycott of the Ford Motor Company over the manufacturer’s sponsorship of gay pride events and continued advertising in gay publications. AFA claims its boycott has played a major part in Ford’s drop in sales. Donald Wildmon has called for the shutdown of PBS and as a result of the AFA's campaign, many state legislatures reduced funding for public broadcasting. The AFA spearheaded the attack on the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) in the 1980’s, using direct mail and extensive print advertising to distort the NEA's record of sponsorship of the arts. The AFA participates in Pornography Awareness Week. Back to Top AFA Center for Law and Policy In 1990, the American Family Association established the AFA Center for Law & Policy as a litigation and public policy arm of the organization. The Center for Law & Policy (CLP) is staffed by six full-time attorneys with a network of more than 400 affiliate lawyers. The CLP states that they provide representation to Christians in courts throughout the country, and advise state and federal legislators on constitutional, political, and legal issues. The CLP has been involved in several cases where they push for religious worship and symbols in public schools as well as the removal of curriculum that doesn’t reflect “traditional family values.” AFA has spearheaded a campaign to have their “In God We Trust” posters posted in every classroom, in every school in the United States. In 2001, the Mississippi state legislature passed a law requiring that each public school classroom, auditorium and cafeteria display a “In God We Trust” poster. However, when the Mississippi state legislature did not provide any funding for the bill, AFA/CLP volunteered to be the coordinator for the project. AFA/CLP is responsible for organizing and distributing 32,000 free “In God We Trust” posters in public schools in the state of Mississippi. AFA/CLP has encouraged other states to follow Mississippi’s example, promising that anyone who may be afraid of a lawsuit would be defended by the AFA Center for Law & Policy for free. In 2001, AFA distributed 250,000 “In God We Trust” posters nationwide. CLP represented the anti-gay group “Take Back Maryland” when they were accused of falsifying signatures for a petition to reverse an anti-discrimination bill that protected gays and lesbians from bias discrimination in employment and housing. AFA filed lawsuits attempting to ban the curriculum, “Impressions,” from public school classrooms on the grounds that it “promotes the religion of witchcraft.” AFA sponsored a rally in support of Judge Roy Moore of Alabama who refused to remove the Ten Commandments from his courtroom. AFA Center for Law & Policy (CLP) won a lawsuit on behalf of pro-life protesters in Elkhorn, Wisconsin, over protest signs confiscated and held by city officials. Back to Top AFA State Affiliates Many of AFA’s state chapters are very active on a state and local level. Gary Glenn of AFA Michigan has become a lightening rod in the state for controversy over civil rights protections for gays and lesbians. Glenn has opposed the anti-discrimination policies of several Michigan cities by asserting that if passed, public bathrooms and showers would become co-ed. After the legislation passed in several towns, Glenn organized petitions to overturn the legislation, asserting that gays and lesbians pose a “public health hazard.” Glenn also has targeted a 4th grade environmental education course, alleging that the program is “anti-human” and promotes paganism. The former California director for AFA was Scott Lively of Abiding Truth Ministries and the Pro-Family Law Center. Lively is a long-time anti-gay activist who has written such books as The Pink Swastika which claims that “homosexuals [are] the true inventors of Nazism and the guiding force behind many Nazi atrocities.” [From the The Pink Swastika preface.] Lively has also written 7 Steps to Recruit-Proof Your Child and The Poisoned Stream: “Gay” Influence in Human History. Under his leadership, AFA California launched the “California Campaign to Take Back the Schools” to stop the “homosexualization of American public schools.” Back to Top Quotes “Now the Bush Administration is opening its arms to homosexual activists who have been working diligently to overthrow the traditional views of Western Civilization regarding human sexuality, marriage and family… AFA would never support the policies of a political party which embraced the homosexual movement. Period.” – Don Wildmon, AFA Press Release, April 16, 2001 “We believe the national motto incorporates the foundational belief of our culture, and its words ‘In God we trust’ are a message our children need to see in school.” – Don Wildmon, AFA Journal cover story, July 2001 “But the National PTA continued right along, increasingly becoming a tool to promote a left-wing philosophy instead of helping the children with their educational needs. The latest project for the National PTA is the promotion of the homosexual agenda…Stop the PTA from using your children to promote their left-wing political agenda.” – Don Wildmon, AFA Journal, February 2001 “Over the years, AFA has consistently addressed the homosexual movement's obsession with infiltrating the public school system. Its eye-opening video ‘It's Not Gay’, which presents a heartbreaking look at the physical and emotional consequences of the homosexual lifestyle, has been the most popular video ever produced by AFA.” (“Homosexuals push for control of schools,” May 2001) “Nothing disappointed the [American Family Association] more than Disney's enthusiastic embrace of [the homosexual] movement that rejects everything that is sacred to Christians about human sexuality, marriage and family.” (“Why the Disney Boycott Shouldn't Go Away,” April 2001) On Christians in the public square: “Christians must be equally willing to take the heat, and to shrug off the rabid attacks of the media babblers who see Christians as the enemy.” – News Editor Ed Vitagliano, AFA Journal, July 2005 “The church and this nation cry out for a revival of masculine Christianity, which is to say that we church leaders need to stop being such, for lack of a better word, sissies when it comes to social and political issues. We need to spend as much time confronting perpetrators as we do comforting victims. We need to do less fretting, and more fighting for righteousness. For every motherly, feminine ministry of the church such as a Crisis Pregnancy Center or ex-gay support group, we need a battle-hardened, take-it-to-the-enemy masculine ministry like Operation Rescue (questions of civil disobedience aside). For every God-hating radical in government, academia and media we need a bold, no-nonsense, truth-telling Christian counterpart: trained, equipped and endorsed by the local church.” – Scott Lively, author of The Pink Swastika and former Director of AFA California (source) “Under homosexual activists' political agenda, our children would face a future in which traditional marriage and families have been legally devalued, while state government – despite the severe threat it poses to personal and public health – not only legally endorses but uses our tax dollars to subsidize deadly homosexual behavior.” – Gary Glenn, Director of AFA Michigan (Press Release, February 17, 2001) Updated: November 2006 Back to Top

	American Legislative Exchange Council Founded in the early 1970s to promote right-wing policies at the state level, the American Legislative Exchange Council’s focus has shifted to favor the promotion of state legislation and regulation that benefits its corporate sponsors. A fact that should come as no surprise given its funding by right-wing foundations and corporate membership fees ranging from $5000 to $50,000. The council boasts a large clearinghouse of research, model bills, and legislative strategies to promote its agenda. American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) 1129 20th Street NW - Suite 500 Washington, DC 20036 Website: www.alec.org Founders: Paul Weyrich, Henry Hyde, Lou Barnett, and others Executive Director: Duane Parde Established: 1973 Financials: $5,640,684 (2003 budget) Employees: 29 Board Members: Georgia Representative Earl Ehrhart; Kansas Senator Susan Wagle; Iowa Representative Delores Mertz; Arkansas Senator Steve Faris; Nebraska Senator L. Patrick Engel; Mississippi Senator William G. Hewes III Private Enterprise Board: Kurt L. Malmgren, PhRMA; Jerry Watson, American Bail Coalition; Scott Fisher, Altria Corporate Services; Pete Poynter, BellSouth; Michael K. Morgan, Koch Industries; Allan E. Auger, Coors Brewing Co.; Ronald F. Scheberle, Verizon Communications, Inc. Membership: claims 2,400 state legislators as members Publications: ALEC Policy Forum: A Journal for State and National Policymakers, policy papers, Task Force reports (9), Leadership Briefing (newsletter), Inside ALEC (monthly publication) For more information see "Corporate America’s Trojan Horse in the States" from Defenders of Wildlife and National Resources Defense Council. Principal Issues Activities Funding History ALEC Quotes: Principal Issues The American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) is a right-wing public policy organization with strong ties to major corporations, trade associations and right-wing politicians. ALEC’s agenda includes rolling back civil rights, challenging government restrictions on corporate pollution, limiting government regulations of commerce, privatizing public services, and representing the interests of the corporations that make up its supporters. ALEC’s mission: “To promote the principles of federalism by developing and promoting policies…To enlist state legislators from all parties and members of the private sector who share ALEC’s mission…To conduct a policy-making program that unites members of the public and private sector in a dynamic partnership to support research, policy development, and dissemination activities.” ALEC claims that it is “the nation’s largest bipartisan, individual membership association of state legislators”—all of ALEC’s officers who are state legislator members are Republican. ALEC is supported by many right-wing foundations and organizations, including, but not limited to: National Rifle Association, Family Research Council, Heritage Foundation, Sarah Scaife Foundation, Milliken Foundation, DeVos Foundation, Bradley Foundation, and the Olin Foundation. ALEC has over three hundred corporate sponsors. Several well-known and closely-tied organizations include: Enron, American Nuclear Energy Council, American Petroleum Institute, Amoco, Chevron, Coors Brewing Company, Shell, Texaco, Union Pacific Railroad, Pharmaceutical Research & Manufacturers of America, Phillip Morris, and R.J. Reynolds Tobacco. ALEC has proposed that many public services, such as schools, prisons, public transportation, and social and welfare services, be taken over by for-profit private businesses. One of ALEC’s central concerns is government regulations of businesses, especially ones that protect the environment and/or public health. Back to Top Activities ALEC develops and creates “model” legislation and through its national political network lobbies to get it passed in state legislatures. According to ALEC: “During the 1999-2000 legislative cycle, ALEC legislators introduced more than 3100 pieces of legislation based on our models, and more than 450 of these were enacted…In the legislative sessions of 2000, there were more than 2150 introductions promoting ALEC policy.” ALEC has 9 “Task Forces” - Commerce & Economic Development Task Force; Criminal Justice Task Force; Energy, Environment, Natural Resources & Agriculture Task Force; Tax & Fiscal Policy Task Force; Trade & Transportation Task Force; Health & Human Services Task Force; Education Task Force; Telecommunications & Information Technology Task Force; and the Federalism Task Force. ALEC works closely with the State Policy Network, a national network of right-wing groups and foundations that push their agenda on the local and state level. ALEC has been a strong supporter of deregulation of various industries. For example, in the 1990’s ALEC championed deregulation of the electricity industry by arguing that states had a monopoly over the “utility markets.” During this time Kenneth Lay of Enron was an active, outspoken member who strongly supported deregulation. ALEC has had some success in attempts to privatize education. It created the first private school voucher legislation that proposed giving public education funds to private schools, and is currently celebrating the 2005 passage of a school choice bill in Utah. ALEC strongly supports Bush’s No Child Left Behind Act, and argues that market competition will force public schools to improve or be put out of business. ALEC applauds the decision to not sign the “economy-busting Kyoto Protocol,” which it accurately describes as the “international treaty to regulate emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide.” Back to Top Funding Between 1985-2002, ALEC received 53 grants totaling $2.836 million from a short list of conservative foundations. These included the Allegheny Foundation, Castle Rock Foundation, the Claude R. Lambe Charitable Foundation, and the Koch, Bradley, and Olin Foundations, among others. Corporate membership fees range between $5,000 and $50,000 with additional annual fees to participate in certain task forces. In 2002, Exxon contributed $193,200 to ALEC, jumping to $290,000 the following year. Back to Top History ALEC’s early years conformed to Paul Weyrich’s vision, focusing on standard right-wing causes such as opposing abortion and women’s rights and supporting school prayer. In the 1980s ALEC’s focus changed due to increased corporate interest and donations. ALEC was one of President Reagan’s strongest supporters throughout the 1980s, for which it gained significant notoriety. Many of ALEC’s key employees were offered jobs in the Reagan administration. In the mid-1980s ALEC began its own political action committee, ALEC-PAC, which targeted key races to influence partisan control of state legislatures. Back to Top ALEC Quotes: “Our members join for the purpose of having a seat at the table. That’s just what we do, that’s the service we offer. The organization is supported by money from the corporate sector, and, by paying to be members, corporations are allowed the opportunity to sit down at the table and discuss the issues that they have an interest in.” -Dennis Bartlett, ALEC, 1997 Updated: April 2006 Back to Top

	American Life League Founded by Judie and Paul Brown with help from right-wing strategist Paul Weyrich, the American Life League (ALL) is a spin-off from the National Right to Life Committee with a more grassroots orientation. ALL is closely aligned with the Catholic Church and opposes birth control, stem cell research and euthanasia. ALL was an enthusiastic backer of the extreme anti-abortion tactics promoted by Operation Rescue. American Life League P.O. Box 1350, Stafford, VA 22555 Website: www.all.org Established: 1979 President/Founder: Judie Brown Finances:: $7,365,884 (2003) Membership: claims 300,000 members Formerly known as: American Life Lobby Board Members: Judie Brown; Scarlett Clark; Mildred F. Jefferson, M.D.; Robert Sassone, Esq.; and Phillippe Schepens, M.D. Principal Issues Activities Judie Brown is the grandmother of the modern anti-choice movement Friends and Allies in High Places History Principal Issues To end all forms of abortion without any exceptions made for the health and life of the mother, rape or incest. ALL's work includes campaigns against the use of all contraceptives, lobbying for “abstinence-only education” and the elimination of sex education in public schools. ALL also fights against euthanasia, fetal tissue and embryo research, and questions the use of vaccines, such as rubella, that are created from human tissue cells. Brown has strongly criticized President George W. Bush for not supporting the Human Life Amendment and has chastised other conservative groups for giving him any support. According to Judie Brown, “Abortion is never necessary to save a mother's life.” Back to Top Activities Organizes grassroots activists. Lobbies on behalf of its issues. Produces educational materials and publishes a weekly newsletter. Participates in legal action. ALL has its own voting mobilization project. Sells anti-abortion clothing, jewelry, stickers, and brochures. In 2004, ALL published a full-page advertisement in USA Today urging Catholic priests and bishops to deny Communion to Catholic legislators who support abortion rights. Back to Top Judie Brown is the grandmother of the modern anti-choice movement ALL’s early networking created the foundation for the outspoken anti-abortion movement in the 1980s and the established movement as it exists now. ALL helped to establish the “rescue” movement, which made the use of aggressive tactics to disrupt reproductive health services commonplace. These tactics, adopted and popularized by ALL, include “sidewalk counseling,” clinic blockades, and the systematic harassing and intimidation of patients, clinics and doctors. According to Brown these activities are “free speech” and in 1994 ALL filed charges over the Freedom of Access to Clinics Act (FACE) in American Life League v. Reno. ALL lost in the 4th Circuit Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court refused to hear the case. Back to Top Friends and Allies in High Places ALL defends anti-choice activists who have been arrested for blocking clinics and has applauded the controversial work of Operation Rescue and Randall Terry. In 1996 when Bill Bennett and Ralph Reed questioned the GOP’s absolutist anti-abortion plank, Judie Brown gathered together 11 pro-life leaders including Family Research Council’s Gary Bauer and Focus on the Family’s James Dobson to express their strong support of the Human Life Amendment and collective rejection of any exceptions for abortion. Judie Brown is allegedly a member of the clandestine right-wing organization Council for National Policy. Back to Top History In 1979, Judie Brown broke from the National Right To Life Committee to form ALL. Within less than a year of its founding, ALL had 68,000 members. ALL received virtually free publicity from religious-right leader Paul Weyrich with the help of right-wing direct mail specialist Richard Viguerie’s massive membership lists. Updated: April 2006 Back to Top

	American Society for Tradition, Family and Property This right-wing Catholic group is one of many Tradition, Family, Property groups (TFPs) worldwide, inspired by the work of the Brazilian Catholic intellectual, Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira. They are frequent sponsors of protests of books and movies they consider “anti-Catholic” and focus on organizing young people against “leftist bias” on campus. American Society for Tradition, Family, and Property 1358 Jefferson Road Spring Grove, Pennsylvania 17362 Website: www.tfp.org President: Raymond E. Drake Founded: 1973 Secretary-Treasurer: Benjamin A. Hiegert Board of Directors: Luiz A. Fragelli; Raymond E. Drake; Robert E. Ritchie; John W. Horvat II; Charles P. Noell III; and Gary J. Isbell Staff: 60 paid staff members and 75 full-time volunteers Finances: $2,660,546 (2004 net assets) $4,953,327 (2004 total revenue) Publications: Rejecting the Da Vinci Code; Defending a Higher Law: Why We Must Resist Same-Sex "Marriage" and the Homosexual Movement; Revolution and Counter-Revolution; anti-abortion papers; Crusade magazine; and LulaWatch, the electronic bi-weekly publication of the TFP Washington Bureau Affiliate Groups: America Needs Fatima (120,000 members); Student Action Purpose Activites Funding History Purpose In words of the American Society for Tradition, Family, and Property they are “a civic organization of Catholic inspiration that seeks to defend in a legal and peaceful way, the basic values of Christian Civilization, namely tradition, family and property.” The American TFP bases its ideas on the principles outlined in the handbook Revolution and Counter-Revolution by Prof. Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira. [source] Back to Top Activites The American TFP holds public meetings, lectures, youth and adult seminars, and a youth summer program. They also conducts protests, boycotts, petitions, ad campaigns and letter-writing campaigns, and publishes books and articles. TFP staffs St. Louis be Montefort Academy, an all-boys Catholic boarding school, in Herndon, Pennsylvania. TFP Student Action’s website sponsors seminars bringing college students together from across the nation to analyze, discuss pressing issues of the day. [source] Sponsored the “Reject the DaVinci Code” campaign to promote protests against the 2006 film and offered an organizers’ handbook with downloadable posters, brochures, newspaper ads and more. They claim to have inspired more than 2000 protests in front of movie theaters across the country. [source] Back to Top Funding The TFP is financed by a network of individual donors nationwide. Back to Top History The organization was started in Brazil in 1960 by Prof. Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira, and now claims over twenty TFPs or TFP-inspired groups worldwide. Updated: January 2007 Back to Top

	Americans for Tax Reform As an organization, Americans for Tax Reform (ATR) is best known for its “Taxpayer Protection Pledge,” which asks candidates for federal and state office to commit themselves in writing to oppose all tax increases. The group is led by Grover Norquist, described by the Wall Street Journal as the “the V.I. Lenin of the anti-tax movement.” He is renowned in right-wing and Republican circles for his ability to unite the various right-wing interests into coalitions to achieve a common goal. Americans for Tax Reform 1920 L Street NW - Suite 200 Washington DC 20036 Website: www.atr.org Established: Americans for Tax Reform was founded in the mid-80s inside the Reagan White House. Norquist was tapped to head the group as an in-house operation to build support for the 1986 tax reform bill. President/Executive Director: Grover Norquist Finances: $3,912,958 (2004); ATR is a 501(c)(4) organization. Employees: 14 High-profile staffers include: Peter Ferrara, ATR’s former general counsel and chief economist, is currently founder and President of the Virginia Chapter for the Club for Growth. Membership: 60,000 Affiliations: Americans for Tax Reform Foundation is the education and research arm of ATR. ATR is a member of the State Policy Network and of townhall.com, a right-wing Internet portal founded by the Heritage Foundation. Publication: The Tax Reformer Principal Issues Activities History and Background About Grover Norquist ATR alumni in the Bush administration Quotes by Grover Norquist Quotes about Americans for Tax Reform Principal Issues From Americans for Tax Reform's mission statement: “ATR opposes all tax increases as a matter of principle. We believe in a system in which taxes are simpler, fairer, flatter, more visible, and lower than they are today. The government’s power to control one’s life derives from its power to tax. We believe that power should be minimized… ATR serves as a national clearinghouse for the grassroots taxpayers’ movement by working with approximately 800 state and county level groups.” ATR serves as the operational base for President Grover Norquist’s vast political operation. ATR Foundation has received a number of grants from right wing foundations, including Olin, Scaife, Bradley, etc. ATR is heavily funded by a number of corporate backers, with the tobacco, gambling and alcohol industries figuring most prominently in 1999. Other recent ATR funders have included Microsoft, Pfitzer, AOL Time Warner and UPS. Back to Top Activities Americans for Tax Reform provides support to right-wing policies and candidates. In 1999, it spent $4.2 million on a television ad campaign touting the GOP tax plan. ATR has also taken a lead in other causes dear to the GOP’s right wing, such as opposing campaign finance reform and attacking the 2000 presidential bid of Senator John McCain. During the 1996 elections ATR flooded 150 congressional districts with mail and phone calls which was supported by a $4.6 million donation from the Republican National Committee. In 2001 ATR formed the “State Legislature Advisory Project,” described as a “national effort to involve state legislators and Indian nations in federal policy…[which] provides a backdrop of the state delegation’s opinion when the issue becomes one of national importance.” This Project calls annually for extensions and permanence of conservative, costly tax cuts. In 2001 it encouraged states to pass the Economic Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, and in subsequent years pushed for permanently ending the “Death Tax,” abolishing the Alternative Minimum Tax, privatizing Social Security, and drastically increasing defense spending. This project works closely with the President and Majority Members in the House and Senate. ATR supported John G. Roberts’ nomination to the Supreme Court, and criticized opponents for “subjecting [Roberts] to litmus tests on a laundry list of the extreme Left’s pet issues.” ATR president Grover Norquist conducts an invitation-only, off-the-record Wednesday meetings that includes representatives of the National Rifle Association, the Christian Coalition, the Heritage Foundation, reporters and editors from conservative media outlets, and a variety of corporate lobbyists. Since the arrival of President Bush, the meetings also include representatives of the White House, the Republican National Committee and the House and Senate leadership. Back to Top History and Background Americans for Tax Reform was originally founded inside the Reagan White House and later became officially independent. Norquist was a key grassroots proponent of the Contract With America and was Gingrich’s top unofficial advisor. ATR, in 1999, received major donations from Phillip Morris, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians (a group represented by the controversial lobbyist Jack Abramoff), Microsoft, Time Warner, and Pfizer. Phillip Morris contributed $685,000, and the Choctaw Indians, $360,000. Back to Top About Grover Norquist Grover Norquist is also on the boards of the National Rifle Association of America and the American Conservative Union. Norquist forged an early alliance with President Bush, traveling to Austin, Texas to meet with then-Governor Bush and his political advisor Karl Rove right after Bush's 1998 reelection. Norquist threw the full force of his influence behind the Bush campaign, playing a key role in defeating Sen. John McCain in the South Carolina primaries. Norquist was a campaign staffer on the 1988, 1992, 1996 Republican Platform Committees and executive director of both the National Taxpayers' Union and the College Republicans. Norquist writes the monthly politics column for the American Enterprise Institute magazine and used to write a monthly column for the American Spectator. Back to Top ATR alumni in the Bush administration Nina Shokraii Rees, who now leads the Office of Innovation and Improvement (OII) at the U.S. Department of Education, was formerly a policy analyst for ATR. She then served as a chief education analyst at the Heritage Foundation. She is a proponent of private school vouchers, and helped draft the "No Child Left Behind Act" education blueprint for the Bush-Cheney transition team. Back to Top Quotes by Grover Norquist On Pat Robertson's 700 Club, Norquist said the following about the Bush Administration, “We is them, and they is us. When I walk through the White House, I recognize as many people as when I would walk through the Heritage Foundation.” “My goal is to cut government in half in twenty-five years, to get it down to the size where we can drown it in the bathtub.” – The Nation, 10/12/2004 ”In point of fact, it's a myth that the religious right wishes to impose values on others.” – Frontline interview, 10/12/2004 “I want to reduce the size of government in half as a percentage of GNP [gross national product] over the next 25 years. We want to reduce the number of people depending on government so there is more autonomy and more free citizens.” – Washington Post, 03/11/2001 “I've been a 'winger' from way back. I was an anti-Communist first, and then I became an economic conservative. I think I've gotten more radical as I've gotten older." – The Nation, 05/14/2001 Back to Top Quotes about Americans for Tax Reform Grover Norquist is “the person who I regard as the most innovative, creative, courageous and entrepreneurial leader of the anti-tax efforts and of conservative grassroots activism in America . . . He has truly made a difference and truly changed American history.” – Former Speaker Newt Gingrich (R-GA) “Americans for Tax Reform is a wonderful-sounding name. As far as I’m concerned, it’s a front organization for Grover Norquist’s lobbying activities.” – Former Sen. Warren Rudman (R-NH) Norquist is “the V.I. Lenin of the anti-tax movement.” – Columnist Paul Gigot, Wall Street Journal, 04/14/1994 “Americans for Tax Reform is a front for the Republican Party. Republicans are hiding money in this group, and that is fundamentally dishonest.” – Charles Lewis, executive director of the Center for Public Integrity “You can wear too many hats and [Norquist] does. He’s a whole hat store. And that’s the conflict of interest: He’s head of a non-profit. He’s a corporate lobbyist. He’s a foreign lobbyist. This gives nonprofits, which are supposed to be doing research, a bad name.” – Charles Lewis, executive director of the Center for Public Integrity. New York Times, 06/08/1997 Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Arlington Group The Arlington Group (AG) is the newest coalition of the leaders of Religious Right groups brought together by right-wing strategist Paul Weyrich and Don Wildmon, head of the American Family Association, to coordinate activities. The group is widely credited with being the driving force behind the effort to put marriage protection amendments on the ballot in 11 states in the 2004 election. The Arlington Group 801 G Street NW Washington, DC 20001 Website: www.arlingtongroup.org Founded/Place: 2002 in Arlington, Virginia Executive Director: Shannon Royce Membership: Members include the heads of 75 (as of September 2006) Religious Right groups such as Paul Weyrich, Don Wildmon, James Dobson, and Gary Bauer. The complete list of members and their affiliations is located here. Purpose Activities Quotes Purpose The Arlington Group describes itself as a “powerful coalition of leaders from the pro-family community, [that] develops and executes national and grassroots strategies to: protect the traditional institution of marriage, increase respect for every human life, limit judicial activism, and act on other moral issues of concern.” Back to Top Activities The group is credited with much of the effort to put marriage protection amendments on the ballot in 11 states in the 2004 election. According to member Paul Weyrich, the resources to go “full-tilt” in Ohio were raised by group members. Arlington Group members contributed $1,989,545 million in 2004 to pass ballot measures nationwide. In Ohio their contributions totaled $1.18 million, 98% of the total expenditures for the Ohio ballot. AG works to organize support in the African-American community for a federal marriage amendment. In 2004, the Rev. William Owens, head of the Coalition of African-American Pastors in Memphis organized a meeting of his organization with the executive board of the Arlington Group. Owens is now a member of the AG Executive Committee. In 2005, the Group threatened to withhold support for the President's proposed Social Security reforms if Bush did not actively work to pass a federal marriage amendment banning same-sex marriage. A letter sent to White House political adviser Karl Rove said, “We couldn’t help but notice the contrast between how the president is approaching the difficult issue of Social Security privatization, where the public is deeply divided, and the marriage issue, where public opinion is overwhelmingly on his side.” When Justice Sandra Day O’Connor first resigned from the Supreme Court, The Arlington Group quickly announced plans to run a multimillion-dollar campaign to pressure the administration to select a right-wing successor. The group planned to target 20,000 pastors and congregations and use Christian talk radio and television, direct mail, and grassroots organizing. The group offers voting recommendations on 2006 ballot initiatives across the country. Back to Top Quotes "People who voted for (Bush) voted for him to put in conservative judges," Tim Wildmon said. "We'll have to see what he does. We've been disappointed before by presidents who said they were going to do that ... and then appointed judges who voted to uphold Roe vs. Wade and have been liberal on other social issues. "I feel this time, with the strength of our groups, hopefully President Bush will do the right thing. If he wavers, we're here to let people know." –Tim Wildmon of the American Family Association describing the Arlington Group’s influence "For the first time, virtually all of the social issues groups are singing off the same sheet of music, this has never happened before. From the beginning of the pro-life movement through the development of the pro-family movement, everybody did their own thing. But working together we have helped to reelect the President and added a number of conservative senators." –Religious Right strategist Paul Weyrich speaking about the Arlington Group Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Black America's Political Action Committee Black America's Political Action Committee (BAMPAC) – founded and chaired by Alan Keyes – is the nation’s largest minority political action committee and among the top 25 well-funded PAC’s in the country. Although self-described as non-partisan, BAMPAC has historically benefited only Republican candidates who strictly adhere to its right-wing policies, such as supporting anti-abortion legislation, public school vouchers, the privatization of Social Security, and tax cuts. Black America's Political Action Committee 2029 P Street NW Suite 202 Washington, DC 20036 Website: www.bampac.org President & CEO: Alvin Williams Founder and Chairman of the Board: Ambassador Alan Keyes Board Members: Jackie Cissell (The Quandt Group), William C. Cleveland (former City Councilmember and Vice Mayor, Alexandria VA), Dr. Mario Lewis (Senior Fellow, Competitive Enterprise Institute), Amy Moritz Ridenour (President, National Center for Public Policy Research), Alvin Williams (President and CEO; co-founder, BAMPAC) Finances: $1,617,000 (2004 total revenues) Publications: BAMPAC Bulletin Media: President Alvin Williams is often featured as a BAMPAC spokesperson in The New York Times, and The Atlanta Journal Constitution, and has appeared on ABC’s Nightline, MSNBC’s Equal Time, and BET’s News with Ed Gordon. Incorporated: 1994 Purpose Activities Current/Past Members/Staff Issue Advocacy Funding History Quotes Purpose BAMPAC was created to specifically mobilize and garner “support for African-American candidates generally who advocate a common sense approach in resolving the important issues facing America in the 21st century.” BAMPAC is instrumental in garnering financial support for candidates via grants or direct and assisted contributions. It is one of the nation’s largest political action committees, and is the largest minority PAC in the country. Back to Top Activities BAMPAC provides funding and resources to conservative candidates running for political offices at all levels of government. According to SourceWatch.org, [BAMPAC’s] name misleadingly suggests that it represents the point of view of African-Americans, but in fact, opinion polls and voting patterns show that the vast majority of African-Americans disagree with BAMPAC’s political positions. BAMPAC claims to be nonpartisan, but its IRS tax statement explicitly states that its mission is to elect “Republicans.” Black America's PAC - SourceWatch Back to Top Current/Past Members/Staff BAMPAC’s former Political Director, Robert L. Trayham, II, moved on from his position at BAMPAC to work for Pennsylvania U.S. Senator Rick Santorum, and is currently the Deputy Chief of Staff and Director of Communications for the Senate Republican Conference. In 2004, BAMPAC Chairman Alan Keyes was defeated by Illinois state Senator Barak Obama for the open U.S. Senate seat in Illinois. In 2005, Keyes recommended the nomination of Judge Roy Moore to the United States Supreme Court, on the basis that he is a strong believer in God and a strict constitutionalist. (Judge Moore resigned his position at the Alabama Supreme Court because he refused to comply with a U.S. Supreme Court demand that he take down a replica of the Ten Commandments.) Alan Keyes is also a regular speaker at right-wing anti-gay rallies throughout the country. Back to Top Issue Advocacy Supports school choice in the form of vouchers, charter schools, public-private alliances, and home-schooling. Advocates tax cuts and other financial incentives for entrepreneurs and businesses to increase development in neglected and rural areas. BAMPAC is ‘pro-life’ and condemns government-subsidized abortions; the PAC is in absolute opposition to partial-birth abortions. BAMPAC advocates the privatization of Social Security, a program which it claims has a “disproportionately detrimental affect on African-American families, especially males.” Back to Top Funding BAMPAC’s donor base has grown to over 137,000 donors, generating more than $1,000,000 in direct and assisted contributions to candidates. Back to Top History BAMPAC is the largest minority PAC and ranks among the top 25 PACS among 45,000 PACs in the United States. Back to Top Quotes Alan Keyes on on the Republican Party In 1992, according to the Washington Post, as Republican nominee in Maryland’s U.S. Senate contest that year, Keyes denounced the national leadership of his party as racist, saying senior GOP officials had ignored or disparaged his campaign because he is black. GOP leaders “basically are sending the message that beyond a certain level blacks need not apply,” Keyes said. “If I can work out in the fields, I think I ought to be allowed to come into the house for dinner.” –Washington Post, “GOP Hopeful Says Party Is Racist,” August 14, 1992 Keyes on Moderate Republicans “On all the matters that touch upon the critical moral issues, Arnold Schwarzenegger is on the evil side. This is a fact. A mere list of the positions he supports is enough to make this plain: abortion as a ‘right,’ cloning of human beings, governmental classification of citizens by race, public benefits for sexual partners outside of marriage, disrespect for property rights against environmental extremism, repudiation of the right to bear arms - no more need be said to show that this candidate is wrong where human decency, human rights and human responsibility bear directly on political issues.” –WorldNetDaily, “Arnold’s corruption of Republican Party,” October 6, 2003 Keyes on Black Leaders “ I think part of it is that the Black leadership, the vocal ones that the media concentrates on, are all bought-and-sold, step-and-fetch-its of depravity for the Democratic party.” –People For the American Way Foundation, “Eyewitness Report from the C-PAC Conference,” February 21, 1999 “I think it would be a terrible shame to abandon the fate of America or the black community to the likes of people who are speaking as Julian Bond has spoken, but more importantly, the likes of people who have supported policies that have destroyed the black family, that support abortion, which is committing genocide against black people in this country with devastating demographic results that we have already seen in the course of the last census.” –Hannity and Colmes, “Interview with Alan Keyes,” July 12, 2004 Keyes on Reproductive Choice “The violation on [sic] innocent human life is the same whether you commit terrorism or commit abortion.” –People For the American Way Foundation, “The Vocabulary of Terror: Anti-abortion politics since 9/11,” April 10, 2002 “I will never again cast a vote for an individual I in conscience believe to be pro-choice, pro-abortion, not pro-life. Based on the confession of his heart in New Hampshire, when John McCain told us clearly that he would tell his daughter it was her choice -- and every woman is somebody’s daughter, so if you tell the daughters of America it’s their choice, you’re pro-choice. He is pro- choice, he is not pro-life. I will not support a pro-choice, pro- abortion candidate.” –Republican Presidential Debate, March 2, 2002 Keyes on Homosexuality “Hitler and his supporters were Satanists and homosexuals. That’s just a true statement.” He added that, “The notion that is involved in homosexuality, the unbridled sort of satisfaction of human passions” leads to “‘totalitarianism,’ ‘Nazism,’ and ‘communism.’” –People For the American Way Foundation, “Hostile Climate 1997,” p.26 Keyes on Equal Rights for Gay Americans “It’s about time we all faced up to the truth. If we accept the radical homosexual agenda, be it in the military or in marriage or in other areas of our lives, we are utterly destroying the concept of family. We must oppose it in the military. We must oppose it in marriage. We must oppose it if the fundamental institution of our civilization is to survive. Those unwilling to face that fact and playing games with this issue are doing so irresponsibly at the price of America’s moral foundations.” –Republican Presidential Debate, January 6, 2000 Keyes on Hate Crimes Legislation “The whole push with respect to hate crimes legislation is an effort to create a body of law that allows the government to coerce opinions, and to punish people because of their opinions. In this particular case, the opinion that is going to be punished is the opinion that homosexuality is immoral and against the laws of God. That opinion is now going to become a crime. And this whole push with respect to hate crimes is an effort to establish that agenda.” –WorldNetDaily, “The Trouble with ‘Hate Crimes’,” October 16, 1998 Keyes on the Courts and Prayer in Public Schools “If they tell us that we cannot pray in the classroom, we should pray. If they tell us that we cannot pray in the hallways, we should pray. If they tell us that we cannot pray at graduation ceremonies, we should pray. Because what they are doing fundamentally violates probably the most important of our God-given rights, which is the right to appeal for aid to our Almighty God.” –Renew America, “Alan Keyes on the Issues” Keyes on Taxes “The income tax is a twentieth-century socialist experiment that has failed. Before the income tax was imposed on us just 80 years ago, government had no claim to our income. Only sales, excise, and tariff taxes were allowed. ... Only abolition of the income tax will restore the basic American principle that our income is both our own money and our own private business not the government’s.” –Renew America, “Alan Keyes on the Issues” Keyes on the Democratic Party “Democrats are going to have to go on record standing against the marriage-based family, standing for the continued annihilation of new generations of young black babies through the promotion of abortion in the black community. This is devastating, the truth is going to be told.” –Hannity and Colmes, “Interview with Alan Keyes,” July 12, 2004 Keyes on Affirmative Action “Moreover, preferential affirmative action patronizes American blacks, women, and others by presuming that they cannot succeed on their own. Preferential affirmative action does not advance civil rights in this country. It is merely another government patronage program that secures money and jobs for the few people who benefit from it, and breeds resentment in the many who do not. It divides us as a people, and draws attention away from the moral and family breakdown that is the chief cause of the despair and misery in which too many of our fellow citizens struggle to live decently.” –Renew America, “Alan Keyes on the Issues” Keyes on Jews and Anti-Semitism “The tragic and violent clashes between blacks and Jews are unhappily not the product of a unique and isolated set of circumstances. I believe that, unwittingly, Jewish supporters of the government-dominated welfare state approach to the economic and social problems of the black community helped to create the mentality that now produces anger and anti-Semitism in black neighborhoods.” –Alan Keyes, “Our Character, Our Future,” May 2, 1996, p. 48-50 Keyes on the First Amendment and Separation of Church and State “[The Founding Fathers] put an amendment in the Constitution with … wording intended to tell the Congress and thereby the national government that the whole business of religious belief, that whole business of any regime, any attitude to be imparted through law, that it was none of the federal government’s business. “Now, that still gives rise to the possibility. Some folks don’t want to see it. There might be states in which they require a religious test or oath of office. There might be states in which they have established churches, where subventions are given to schools and so forth to teach the Bible. There might be places where you and I might disagree with the religion some folks wanted to put in place over their communities. But guess what the Founders believed? They believed that people in their states and localities had the right to live under institutions they would put together to govern themselves according to their faith.” –Roy Moore Rally, Montgomery, Alabama, August 16, 2003 Updated: July 2006 Back to Top

	Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation One of the country's largest and most influential right-wing foundations, the Bradley Foundation is known for its clearly articulated political and ideological vision. In addition to providing funding for a host of right-wing organizations, Bradley contributes to conservative and often highly controversial scholarship, publications and "academic" research aimed at legitimizing far-right policy positions. Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation PO Box 510860 Milwaukee, WI 53203-0153 Website: www.bradleyfdn.org Established: 1942 President/CEO: Michael W. Grebe Board of Directors: Thomas L. Rhodes (Chairman), Reed Coleman (Vice-Chairman), Michael Grebe, William L. Armstrong, and more. Finances: $665,329,753 (2004) assets Grants awarded, annually: $33,332,537 (2004) grants awarded Employees: 20 Publications: The Lion Letter, annual reports outlining contributions and donations Formerly known as: Allen-Bradley Foundation Prize Recipients 2005: George F. Will (syndicated columnist), Ward Connerly (anti-affirmative action, founder of American Civil Rights Institute), Heather McDonald (Olin fellow at the Manhattan Institute), and Robert P. George (professor, former presidential appointee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights). Principal Issues Activities List of Right-Wing Grantees President Bush on the Bradley Foundation Principal Issues The Bradley Foundation is one of the largest philanthropic foundations responsible for the financial backing of the right-wing agenda for nearly twenty years. Bradley’s philanthropy supports right-wing organizations, privatized educational programs, as well as many non-partisan social programs and civic organizations. Issues Bradley supports include: private school vouchers, faith-based social services, and welfare reform. According to Bradley, the projects sponsored by the foundation “encourage improved government, a more vital sense of citizenship, and a strong belief in personal responsibility.” Bradley has been accused of underreporting the grant amounts that it gives to many of the right-wing organizations that it supports. Back to Top Activities Bradley has made right-wing inroads in academia by establishing chairmanship positions, undergraduate and graduate programs, fellowships, and whole departments at many prestigious universities including: Boston College, Boston University, Bowling Green State University, Carnegie Mellon University, Catholic University, Columbia University, Georgetown University, George Mason University, Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University, Kenyon College, Marquette University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Michigan State University, New York University, Princeton University, Stanford University, University of California- Berkeley, University of California- Los Angeles, University of California- San Diego, University of Chicago, University of Michigan, University of Notre Dame, University of Pennsylvania, University of Virginia, University of Wisconsin, and Washington University- St. Louis. Bradley has supported and in some cases, had to defend controversial right-wing recipients of their grants, particularly Charles Murray and Dinesh D’Souza. Charles Murray - Murray, author of “The Bell Curve,” which argues that intelligence is predicated on race, and “Losing Ground,” whose thesis is that social programs should be abolished. Murray’s work was so controversial and objectionable that the right-wing Manhattan Institute, supported by Bradley and for which he worked, asked him to leave. However, the Bradley Foundation stood by him because Murray, according to former Bradley President Michael Joyce, “is one of the foremost social thinkers in the country.” Bradley extended Murray’s $100,000 per year grant when he went to the American Enterprise Institute. Dinesh D’Souza - D’Souza, in his book, “The End of Racism,” attempts to absolve Whites from discrimination against Blacks during slavery, claiming that Blacks were too uncivilized to be a part of society anyway. Back to Top List of Right-Wing Grantees Acton Institute for the Study of Religion and Liberty Alexis de Tocqueville Institution American Civil Rights Institute American Civil Rights Union American Conservative Union Foundation American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research Becket Fund Black Alliance for Educational Options (BAEO) Capital Research Center Center for Individual Rights Center for Education Reform Center for Public Justice Center for the Study of Popular Culture Children’s Educational Opportunity Foundation America Citizens for the Preservation of Constitutional Rights Claremont Institute for the Study of Statesmanship and Political Philosophy Collegiate Network Competitive Enterprise Institute Empire Foundation for Policy Research Evergreen Freedom Foundation Equal Opportunity Foundation Federalist Society for Law and Public Policy Studies Fellowship of Christian Athletes Friends of Choice in Urban Schools Free Congress Research and Education Foundation Galen Institute Heartland Institute Heritage Foundation Hudson Institute Hoover Institute Institute for American Values Institute for Justice Leadership Institute Mackinac Center for Public Policy Manhattan Institute for Policy Research National Association of Scholars National Center for Policy Analysis Pacific Research Institute for Public Policy Thomas B. Fordham Institute Back to Top President Bush on the Bradley Foundation “The reason that I am so happy that my friend Mike Grebe is here and Mike Joyce and others from The Bradley Foundation is because "Foundation America" must be a part of the revitalization of our communities as well. And The Bradley Foundation has always been willing to see different solutions. They have been willing to challenge the status quo. They say where we find failure, something else must occur. And the Foundation not only has been kind and generous with its donations, the Foundation also has been willing to help people think anew, and I appreciate you all coming. I am honored you're here and thanks for your good work.” – President George W. Bush,speaking at the Bradley Foundation-supported Holy Redeemer Institutional Church of God in Christ, Milwaukee, July 2002. Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Campaign for Working Families PAC The Campaign for Working Families (CWF) is a political action committee founded by Religious Right activist Gary Bauer to support like-minded candidates. Like the Club for Growth, CWF is known for supporting “pro-family” candidates over more mainstream Republican candidates in GOP primaries. In 1998, it was the fifth largest national PAC. Campaign for Working Families 2800 Shirlington Road - Suite 605 Arlington, VA 22206 Websites: www.cwfpac or www.campaignforfamilies.org Established: 1996 by Gary Bauer, former Family Research Council president and United States presidential candidate President/Chairman: Gary Bauer Finances: Spent $1,060,284 during the 2003-2004 campaign cycle Principal Issues CWF's Activities: Background Principal Issues CWF’s motto: “Unapologetically pro-family, pro-life, and pro-growth.” CWF says that it “takes the guesswork out of identifying the true conservatives from the pretenders.” CWF often supports right-wing Republican candidates over moderate Republicans and CWF has waged many aggressive campaigns against those candidates. CWF supports state ballot measures that reject gay and lesbian civil rights or those that increase restrictions on access to abortion. CWF endorses and financially supports anti-choice, anti-gay candidates for political office, such as Alan Keyes. In 2004, CWF’s most recent endorsements included: CWF Congressional Endorsements U.S. Senate: 13 Jim Holt (AR), Mel Martinez (FL), Alan Keyes (IL), Sam Brownback (KS), Jim Bunning (KY), David Vitter (LA), Richard Burr (NC), Mike Liffrig (ND), Richard Ziser (NV), Tom Coburn (OK), Jim DeMint (SC), John Thune (SD), and George Nethercutt (WA). U.S. House of Representatives: 49 Marvin Parks (AR-2), Rick Renzi (AZ-1), Trent Franks (AZ-2), Roy Ashburn (CA-20), Marilyn Musgrave (CO-4), Tom Tancredo (CO-6), Bob Beauprez (CO-7), Bev Kilmer (FL-2), Dave Weldon (FL-15), Tom Feeney (FL-24), Calder Clay (GA-3), Cathrine Davis (GA-4), Tom Price (GA-6), Lynn Westmoreland (GA-8), Max Burns (GA-12), Mike Gabbard (HI-2), Phil Crane (IL-8), Chris Chocola (IN-2), Dan Burton (IN-5), Mike Pence (IN-6), Steve King (IA-5), Kris Kobach (KS-3), Geoff Davis (KY-4), Bobby Jindal (LA-1), Ron Crews (MA-3), John Kline (MN-2), Mark Kennedy (MN-6), Todd Akin (MO-2), Bill Federer (MO-3), Virginia Foxx (NC-5), Robin Hayes (NC-8), Patrick McHenry (NC-10), Charles Taylor (NC-11), Jeff Fortenberry (NE-1), Scott Garrett (NJ-5), Steve Pearce (NM-2), Joe Pitts (PA-16), Larry Diedrich (SD), Louie Gohmert (TX-1), Ted Poe (TX-2), Arlene Woflgenmuth (TX-17), Randy Neugebauer (TX-19), Tom DeLay (TX-22), Pete Sessions (TX-32), John Swallow (UT-2), Thelma Drake (VA-2), Frank Wolf (VA-3), and Cathy McMorris (WA-5). Back to Top CWF's Activities: During the 2004 election cycle, the Campaign for Working Families spent $244,000.00 endorsing Republican candidates, such as the candidates listed above. Tom Tancredo in Colorado received $2,500, Mel Martinez of Florida $8,000, Alan Keyes in Illinois $5,000, Tom Coburn in Oklahoma $8,000, and Tom DeLay in Texas, $5,000. [PoliticalMoneyLine] During the 2002 election cycle CWF contributed $200,988 in campaign donations, endorsing Scott Garett for New Jersey with $7,000, Lindsey Graham of South Carolina with $7,000, John Thune of South Dakota with $10,000, and James Talent of Missouri with $10,000. [PoliticalMoneyLine] In 2002 CWF was ranked number 21 out of the Top 50 ‘Nonconnected’ PAC’s by Receipts, having totaled $953,881 in contributions. [source] In 2000 election cycle CWF endorsed 121 candidates and 83% of which were elected. In 2000, over 50% of incoming freshmen Republican members of the 107th Congress were endorsed by CWF. In the 2000 election cycle, CWF spent tens of thousands of dollars on a 12-state “Get-Out-The-Vote” effort on behalf of Republican candidates. In 2000, CWF endorsed such right-wing stalwarts such as: John Ashcroft, Trent Lott, Tom DeLay, Dick Armey, Rick Santorum, Bob Barr, Tom Tancredo, Ernest Istook, and Judge Roy Moore. Of their 113 nominees for the U.S. House and Senate, 3 are Democrats and 1 Independent. In 1998 election cycle, CWF supported over 200 candidates and 64% of CWF’s endorsees were elected. CWF keeps profiles on legislation and politicians and provides information for campaigns. CWF has supported successful “Defense of Marriage” state ballot initiatives in Alaska, California, Nebraska, Nevada, and Hawaii. Back to Top Background In 1996 and 1997 Bauer put CWF on the map by taking big risks and rejecting Republican leadership pressure. In 1998 in California there was a special election due to the death of Rep. Walter Capps (CA-D). The GOP leadership had tapped a moderate Republican candidate, Rep. Brooks Firestone, and CWF supported a more conservative candidate, Tom Bordonaro. CWF led an expensive, controversial advertising attack campaign against Firestone and was credited with helping Bordonaro win the runoff. Bordonaro ultimately lost the seat to Capps’ widow. By 1998 CWF became the 5th largest PAC in the country, raising over $7 million in just two years. Early in CWF’s history right-wing heavyweight James Dobson lent his support to the group, sending out mass mailings to 350,000 members of his organization Focus on the Family. Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights The Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights calls itself a defender of “religious freedom rights and the free speech rights of Catholics whenever and wherever they are threatened,” but it is known primarily for the abrasive and confrontational style and over-the-top rhetoric of its president, William Donohue. Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights 450 Seventh Avenue - Floor 34 New York NY 10123 Website: www.catholicleague.org President/CEO: William Donohue Founded: 1973 Board of Directors: Rev. Philip Eichner (Chairman); Bernadette Brady (Vice President); Marilyn Lundy (Vice Chair); William Lindner (Secretary); Jerome McDougal (Treasurer); and David Gregory (General Counsel) Board Members: Thomas Blee; Thomas Brennan; Nunzio Cardone; Ann Corkery; Robert Goldschmidt; Robert Lockwood; Kathleen O’Connell Murphy; Frank Salas; Jodie Thompson Jr.; Kathleen McCreary; and Kenneth Whitehead Board of Advisors: Brent Bozell III; Gerard Bradley; Linda Chavez; Robert Destro; Dinesh D’Souza; Laura Garcia; Robert George; Mary Ann Glendon; Dolores Grier; Alan Keyes; Stephen Krason; Lawrence Kudlow; Thomas Monaghan; Michael Novak; Kate O’Beirne; Thomas Reeves; Patrick Riley; Robert Royal; Russell Shaw; William Simon; Jr., Paul Vitz; and George Weigel Membership: 350,000 Revenue: $2,628,533 (2005); Net Assets $7,950,716 (2005) Publications: Catholic League’s Report on Anti-Catholicism (published annually), Catalyst journal (published ten times a year) Affiliates: Chapters located in El Paso, Texas; Ann Arbor, Michigan; Baltimore, Maryland; Los Angeles, California; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Rockford, Illinois Purpose Activities History Quotes Purpose The Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights (Catholic League) proclaims that it “works to safeguard both the religious freedom rights and the free speech rights of Catholics whenever and wherever they are threatened” and acts “as a watchdog agency and defender of the civil rights of all Catholics.” Back to Top Activities The Catholic League claims to defends the Church against any “slanderous assaults” that appear in newspapers or on radio and television by issuing press releases and encouraging boycotts of sponsors. The organization was involved in the right-wing campaign to confirm both John Roberts and Samuel Alito to the Supreme Court by warning those opposed to these nominees about, and sometimes accusing them of, anti-Catholic bigotry. The Catholic League has also been involved in battling the so-called “War on Christmas,” organizing against stores and corporations who use the term “holiday” instead of “Christmas.” In 2005, Donohue blasted Wal-Mart, saying it was “practicing discrimination” and “insulting Christians by effectively banning Christmas.” Back to Top History The Catholic League was founded in 1973 by Father Virgil C. Blum. According to his bio, William Donohue serves on the board for the Washington Legal Foundation, the Educational Freedom Foundation, the Society of Catholic Social Science, Catholics United for the Faith, the Jewish Action Alliance, Ave Maria Institute, Christian Film & Television Commission, and Project Moses. He is also an adjunct scholar at the Heritage Foundation and serves on the board of directors of the National Association of Scholars. Back to Top Quotes “Hollywood is controlled by secular Jews who hate Christianity in general and Catholicism in particular. It’s not a secret, OK? And I’m not afraid to say it.” – Bill Donohue on opposition to Mel Gibson’s “The Passion” movie, MSNBC’s “Scarborough Country,” 12/08/04 “The fact that Jew baiting did not accompany the nominations of Ginsburg and Breyer shows how this nation has progressed. Unfortunately, within 24 hours of Roberts’ nomination, Catholic baiting has raised its ugly head. And the fact that it is coming from a mainstream liberal source is even more disconcerting. We hope this is not the beginning of an ugly few months.” – On the issue of Supreme Court nominee John Roberts’ faith, News Release, 07/20/05 “The anti-religious secularists on the Left are more concerned about keeping abortion-on-demand legal and keeping our society free from religious influence than any other issues. It is what defines them. Imbued with hate, they are already targeting the Christian status of Harriet Miers.” – On the short-lived nomination of Harriet Miers to the Supreme Court, News Release, 10/05/05 “Some are already commenting that if Alito is confirmed he would be the fifth Catholic on the Supreme Court. For example, the Associated Press ran a story at 7:45 a.m.—before Bush formally announced his choice for the high court—with the headline, ‘Alito Would be the Fifth Catholic Justice on Supreme Court.’ So what? Currently, Jews comprise 22 percent of the Justices, even though they are only 1 percent of the population. Is that a problem? “The next time the ‘Catholic’ issue is raised, it would be wise to remember that both Sen. Kennedy and Sen. Santorum are Catholic.” – On the nomination of Samuel Alito to the Supreme Court, News Release, 10/31/05 “First, the cultural fascists banned crèches, and now they want to ban the Christmas tree. All of this is done, perversely, in the name of tolerance and diversity.” – On the supposed “War on Christmas,” News Release, 12/07/05 “Foley’s lawyer says his client never molested anyone, which begs the question: why play the Catholic card? Together with his other maladies, Foley is obviously seeking to exculpate his behavior, despite protestations to the contrary by his attorney … As for the alleged abuse, it’s time to ask some tough questions. First, there is a huge difference between being groped and being raped, so which was it Mr. Foley? Second, why didn’t you just smack the clergyman in the face? After all, most 15-year-old teenage boys wouldn’t allow themselves to be molested. So why did you?” – Commenting on the scandal involving former congressman Mark Foley, News Release, 10/04/06 Updated: October 2006 Back to Top

	Cato Institute The Cato Institute is a libertarian think tank that often works in coalitions with right-wing groups. Cato’s extensive publications program deals with a host of policy issues including budget issues, Social Security, monetary policy, natural resource policy, military spending, government regulation, international trade, and myriad other issues. While the Cato Institute has increased its ties to right-wing policymakers over the years, it often reveals it's libertarian philosophy in addressing government intrusion into privacy issues, recently calling the proposed federal marriage amendment “unnecessary, anti-Federalist, and anti-democratic.” Cato Institute 1000 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Washington DC 20001-5403 Website: www.cato.org Established: 1977 Founders: Edward Crane and Charles G. Koch President: Edward Crane Finances: $12,975,701 (2003) Employees: 90 staff members, 60-adjunct scholars, 16 fellows, 14 Board Members Board of Directors: K. Tucker Andersen, Senior Consultant, Cumberland Associates LLC; Frank Bond, Chairman, The Foundation Group; Edward H. Crane, (President); Richard J. Dennis, President, Dennis Trading Group; Ethelmae C. Humphreys, Chairman, Tamko Roofing Products, Inc.; David H. Koch, Executive Vice President, Koch Industries, Inc.; John C. Malone, Chairman, Liberty Media Corporation; William A. Niskanen, Chairman, Cato Institute; David H. Padden, President, Padden & Company; Lewis E. Randall, Board Member, E*Trade Financial; Howard S. Rich, President, U.S. Term Limits; Frederick W. Smith, Chairman & CEO, FedEx Corporation; Jeffrey S. Yass, Managing Director, Susquehanna International Group, LLP; Fred Young, Former Owner, Young Radiator Company (Board of Directors) Publications: Inquiry magazine, Cato Journal, quarterly magazine Regulation, bimonthly Cato Policy Report, as well as books, monographs, briefing papers and shorter studies. Principal Issues Activities History and Background High-profile Staffers Alumni in the Bush administration Corporate sponsors Additional Funding Quotes about Cato Quotes from Cato Principal Issues A libertarian public policy organization that aspires to work outside the traditional conservative v. liberal political framework. Labels itself a “market-liberal” organization with the caveat that liberal “has clearly been corrupted by contemporary American liberals.” Cato was named for “Cato’s Letters” - a series of libertarian tracts that the organization credits as a catalyst for the American Revolution. Cato leads the push for privatization of government services; as early as 1983, Cato initiated the first push for the privatization of Social Security, and has heavily backed it ever since. Cato supports the wholesale elimination of eight cabinet agencies – Commerce, Education, Energy, Labor, Agriculture, Interior, Transportation and Veterans Affairs – and the privatization of many government services. Back to Top Activities In 2001, the Washington Post, noting Cato’s influence, said it “has spent about $3 million in the past six years to run a virtual war room to promote Social Security privatization.” Cato sponsors periodic policy forums and book forums, major policy conferences, Cato has held major conferences in London, Moscow, Shanghai, and Mexico City. Back to Top History and Background Cato Institute was founded by Ed Crane with a $500,000 grant from Charles Koch, a chemical and petroleum heir who was active with Crane in the Libertarian Party. In 2002, the Washington Post called Crane “the man who housebroke libertarianism.” Back to Top High-profile Staffers David Boaz, published in Wall Street Journal, New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, National Review, and Slate on-line Doug Bandow, writer for Fortune, worked as special assistant to President Ronald Reagan Back to Top Alumni in the Bush administration Former Rep. Tim Penny (D-MN), Commission to Strengthen Social Security Sam Beard, Commission to Strengthen Social Security Carolyn Weaver, Commission to Strengthen Social Security Randy Clerihue, spokesman, Commission to Strengthen Social Security Andrew Biggs, staff member, Commission to Strengthen Social Security Mark Groombridge, Special Assistant, Office of the Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, State Department Other non-Bush Administration alumni include former board members: Rupert Murdoch and Theodore J. Forstmann, also founding chairman of Empower America, now FreedomWorks. Back to Top Corporate sponsors Cato's corporate sponsors include: Philip Morris, R.J. Reynolds, Bell Atlantic Network Services, BellSouth Corporation, Digital Equipment Corporation, GTE Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Netscape Communications Corporation, NYNEX Corporation, Sun Microsystems, Viacom International, American Express, Chase Manhattan Bank, Chemical Bank, Citicorp/Citibank, Commonwealth Fund, Prudential Securities and Salomon Brothers. Energy conglomerates include: Chevron Companies, Exxon Company, Shell Oil Company and Tenneco Gas, as well as the American Petroleum Institute, Amoco Foundation and Atlantic Richfield Foundation. Cato's pharmaceutical donors include Eli Lilly & Company, Merck & Company and Pfizer, Inc. Back to Top Additional Funding 80% of Cato’s income comes from individual donations and subscriptions, 8% from corporations (such as ExxonMobil, which donated $30,000 during 2001), another 8% from foundations, and the remainder from conference and book sales, etc. Cato has received $15,633,540 in 108 separate grants from only nine different foundations: Castle Rock Foundation; Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation; Earhart Foundation; JM Foundation; John M. Olin Foundation, Inc.; Claude R. Lambe Charitable Foundation; Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation; and the branches of the Scaife Foundation Back to Top Quotes about Cato "A soup-to-nuts agenda to reduce spending, kill programs, terminate whole agencies and dramatically restrict the power of the federal government." - Washington Post on the Cato Handbook for Congress "My contact with [Cato] was strange. They’re ideologues, like Trotskyites. All questions must be seen and solved within the true faith of libertarianism, the idea of minimal government. And like Trotskyites, the guys from Cato can talk you to death." - Nat Hentoff, columnist Back to Top Quotes from Cato “I think Franklin Roosevelt was a lousy president. What he did – which is to impose this great nanny state on America – was a great mistake.” - Ed Crane Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Center for the Study of Popular Culture 4401 Wilshire Drive, 4th Floor Los Angeles, California 90010 www.cspc.org and www.frontpagemag.org President/Founder: David Horowitz Established in: 1988 by David Horowitz and Peter Collier Finances: $2.9 million (2002 budget) Employees: 5 (listed on website) Membership: claims 40,000 supporters Publications: Front Page Magazine Affiliated with: Front Page Magazine, Individual Rights Foundation About CSPC: Right Wing Donors: Quotes from CSPC publications: About CSPC: CSPC serves as the home for founder David Horowitz’s various anti-Left, anti-Democrat Party enterprises, such as the controversial FrontPage Magazine and the legal group the Individual Rights Foundation. CSPC sells and distributes pamphlets and information on fighting the Left. CSPC also sells right-wing books and heavily promotes David Horowitz’s own books. Horowitz titles include: Hating Whitey and Other Progressive Causes, The Hate America Left and The Politics of Bad Faith: The Radical Assault on America’s Future. CSPC also hosts the “Wednesday Morning Club” which is a forum for right-wingers in the entertainment industry. Guest speakers for the club include: Governor George W. Bush (1999), then Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney, Newt Gingrich, Robert Bork, Representatives Tom DeLay and Henry Hyde, Senators Trent Lott, Bill Frist and Joseph Lieberman, editor of the Weekly Standard Fred Barnes, columnist George Will, and many other pundits and politicians. After controversial right-wing columnist Ann Coulter got fired from National Review Online for the radical, anti-Muslim comments she made after the September 11th attacks, David Horowitz’s FrontPage Magazine picked up her regular column. Back to Top Right Wing Donors: CSPC gets regular, generous grants from top right-wing foundations. CSPC has received nearly $5 million dollars from the Bradley Foundation alone since 1989. CSPC has received donations from all of Richard Scaife’s foundations, the Olin Foundation, and the Carthage Foundation. Back to Top Quotes from CSPC publications: “Paradoxically, at the same time, the destructive Left sees in American democracy and the Constitution that created it, a powerful weapon it can use to destroy the system. Consequently –- and again somewhat paradoxically -- the anti-American Left has directed a significant part of its political energy towards attacks on the American court system and on the Constitution itself.” –David Horowitz, "Out of Many, One" November 24, 2003 "Everybody knows -- but no one wants to say -- that the Democratic Party has become the party of special interest bigots and racial dividers. It runs the one-party state that controls public services in every major inner city, including the corrupt and failing school systems in which half the students -- mainly African American and Hispanic -- are denied a shot at the American dream. It is the party of race preferences which separate American citizens on the basis of skin color providing privileges to a handful of ethnic and racial groups in a nation of nearly a thousand. The Democratic Party has shown that it will go to the wall to preserve the racist laws which enforce these preferences, and to defend the racist school systems that destroy the lives of millions of children every year." –David Horowtiz, "Challenging the Racist Democrats in California," August 5, 2003 “Most of the groups that adamantly oppose the USA PATRIOT Act are oriented toward worrying more about terrorists’ civil liberties than their murderous intentions: The ACLU, People for the American Way, Human Rights Watch.” – from “Anti-Patriot Feminists,” Chris Weinkopf, Front Page Magazine, July 10, 2003 Updated July 2004 Back to Top

	Christian Coalition of America The Christian Coalition, once one of the country’s most influential Religious Right groups, has seen its fortunes decline in recent years since the departure of high profile leaders Pat Robertson and Ralph Reed. At the height of its influence, the Christian Coalition was best known for the distribution of slanted voter guides and political surveys and for its strategy of urging conservative Christian candidates to conduct stealth campaigns to win elections. Christian Coalition of America P.O. Box 37030 Washington, DC 20013-7030 Website: www.cc.org Founder and former President: Rev. Pat Robertson President: Dr. Joel C. Hunter was announced as President in October 2006 to replace Roberta Combs Founded: 1989 Membership: Claimed nearly 2 million members at the height of its influence, but other data suggested 300,000-400,000 members. Directors or Trustees as of 2004: Dr. Billy McCormack; Drew McKissick; Roberta Combs, Chair Finances: In 1999, the Christian Coalition was stripped of its 501(c)(3) non-profit status for violating various IRS rules that govern non-profits. Contributions to the group have dropped from a record of $26.5 million in 1996 to their 2004 revenue, which was $1,321,774. The CC is now a non-profit 501(c)(4) organization supported through member dues. State chapters: As many as 30 chapters were listed on their website, though those lists have since been removed. Several state chapters have dropped their affiliation in 2006. Publications: The coalition creates and distributes voter guides during primaries and elections in every state. They also have action alerts and newsletters via e-mail on state and federal legislation. Affiliated Groups: Pat Robertson also created the 700 Club, Christian Broadcasting Network, American Center for Law and Justice, and Regent University, which awards graduate and law degrees and offers a bachelor degree completion program. Two CC projects that are no longer associated with the group are the Samaritan Project and the Catholic Alliance. The Christian Coalition launched the Catholic Alliance in an attempt to boost its membership among pro-family, anti-choice Catholics. The Samaritan Project was the Christian Coalition's vehicle for outreach to African Americans. Principal Issues Activities History Recent problems Quotes from Pat Robertson Principal Issues The Christian Coalition (CC) has two central goals: to control the agenda of the Republican party by working from the grassroots up; and to train and elect pro-family, Christian candidates to public office. The group has had considerable success in both areas, and their impact in state and national elections can be detected through their work during primaries and ability to mobilize Christian conservative voters. The CC describes itself as “the largest and most active conservative grassroots political organization in America.” Back to Top Activities In recent years, the Coalition has fallen on hard times. IRS records show that the Christian Coalition's red ink climbing. Its debts exceeded its assets by $983,000 in 2001, $1.3 million in 2002, $2 million in 2003 and $2.28 million at the end of 2004. Some of the most active and influential chapters, such as the Christian Coalition of Iowa, have cut ties with the national organization. [source] In 2000, the Christian Coalition launched what they claim was their biggest election year campaign ever, distributing 70 million voter guides to their members and conservative churches in every state. Robertson is given credit for throwing his support behind Bush very early in his candidacy, and helping Bush gain the support of the Religious Right. The coalition is credited with assisting Bush with winning the South Carolina presidential primary through their strong get-out-the-vote activities. During the 2000 election Pat Robertson taped a telephone message criticizing presidential candidate John McCain on the eve of the February Michigan primary. The coalition is a major lobbying force on Capitol Hill and has many strong ties to Congress. The Christian Coalition’s annual conference, “Road to Victory,” speakers list reads like a veritable who’s who in right-wing and mainstream conservative circles. In 2000 their list of speakers included: Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott, House Majority Leader Dick Armey, House Speaker Dennis Hastert, Majority Whip Tom DeLay, Rev. Jerry Falwell, RNC chairman Jim Nicholson, and then-presidential candidate George W. Bush via videotape. The Christian Coalition's principal "contribution" to electoral politics is the distribution of election-eve voters guides. Nominally nonpartisan but plainly directive, the guides outline the candidates' positions on a variety of issues. The Coalition's descriptions, however, are often manipulative. They describe a supporter of the National Endowment for the Arts, for example, as a proponent of "tax-funded obscene art." Many candidates refuse to respond to the questionnaires for fear of distortion, however the group filled it in for them by reviewing voting records. These “non-partisan” voter guides eventually led to the group losing its tax-exempt status. The Federal Election Commission charged that the Christian Coalition endorsed Republican candidates with its voter guides in the 1990 and 1992 elections, and illegally coordinated its activities with the Bush reelection campaign. Back to Top History The Christian Coalition's initial approach to elections, popularly known as "stealth" tactics, has three essential parts: targeting low-profile elections that normally attract few voters, focusing get-out-the-vote efforts on certain conservative churches, and instructing the candidates to hide their views from the public by avoiding public appearances and refusing to fill out questionnaires. In 1992, Ralph Reed told a Coalition gathering, "The first strategy, and in many ways the most important strategy, for evangelicals is secrecy." The Coalition's strategy first attracted national attention in 1990, when a coalition of right-wing groups led by the Christian Coalition helped candidates in San Diego win 60 of 90 races for a variety of offices, such as school and hospital boards. Reed boasted of their early success with a few choice comments that helped make him famous. "[S]tealth was a big factor in San Diego's success," he said. "But that's just good strategy. It's like guerrilla warfare. If you reveal your location, all it does is allow your opponent to improve his artillery bearings. It's better to move quietly, with stealth, under cover of night." Continuing, "I want to be invisible. I do guerrilla warfare. I paint my face and travel at night. You don't know it's over until you're in a body bag. You don't know until election night." Later, under intense pressure, Reed renounced his covert tactics and now denies the group ever used them. Back to Top Recent problems The Christian Coalition has undergone several changes in leadership since the departure of Executive Director Ralph Reed [see PFAW’s report on Reed] in September of 1997. It has also suffered a severe decline in donations, from $26.5 million in 1996 to an estimated $3 million in 2000. As a result of this steep loss in revenue, the group has reorganized by cutting staff and dropping its minority outreach program, the Samaritan Project. Another recent stumbling block for the Christian Coalition has been a series of racial discrimination lawsuits by their employees. In February of 2001, ten black employees filed a racial discrimination suit against the organization. Alleging that they were treated with Jim Crow-style segregationist rules, the black employees also stated in their lawsuit that the Christian Coalition’s director was “uncomfortable” when the black employees joined company-sponsored prayer sessions and eventually stopped inviting them. In March, two more black employees and a white employee filed discrimination charges against the organization. The white employee claims he was fired by the evangelical organization when he refused the director’s request to spy on the black employees who had filed the lawsuit. In December 2001, Pat Robertson stepped down as the President of the Christian Coalition. Robertson said it was because he wanted to spend more time on his ministry work. In March 2004 a law firm that has worked for the CC since 1989 asked a judge to garnish the assets of the group for $75,000 in unpaid legal fees. Back to Top Quotes from Pat Robertson On women’s Equality: "I know this is painful for the ladies to hear, but if you get married, you have accepted the headship of a man, your husband. Christ is the head of the household and the husband is the head of the wife, and that's the way it is, period.” – The 700 Club, 01/08/92 Referring to the President of Venezuela, Hugo Chavez, Pat Robertson had this to say; "If he thinks we're trying to assassinate him, I think we really ought to go ahead and do it. It's a whole lot cheaper than starting a war." – The 700 Club, 08/22/05 " [The people in the United States] have allowed rampant secularism and occult, etc. to be broadcast on television. We have permitted somewhere in the neighborhood of 35 to 40 million unborn babies to be slaughtered in our society. We have a court that has essentially stuck its finger in God's eye and said we're going to legislate you out of the schools. We're going to take your commandments from off the courthouse steps in various states. We're not going to let little children read the commandments of God. We're not going to let the Bible be read, no prayer in our schools. We have insulted God at the highest levels of our government. And, then we say "why does this happen?" Well, why its happening is that God Almighty is lifting his protection from us. And once that protection is gone, we all are vulnerable because we're a free society, and we're vulnerable. We lay naked before these terrorists who have infiltrated our country. There's probably tens of thousands of them in America right now. They've been raising money. They've been preaching their hate and overseas they've been spewing out venom against the United States for years. All over the Arab world, there is venom being poured out into people's ears and minds against America. And, the only thing that's going to sustain us is the power of the Almighty God." – 700 Club, 09/13/01 "The worse thing in the world for somebody who is a person of color, black, African American, whatever term is in vogue these days to hold grudges and say well 100 years ago my ancestors were in slavery, and therefore I hate you. That doesn't fly. And to live in the past is the most numbing experience because what it does is sap your energy for the future. And, what everybody's got to do is to say before God I'm going to ask God to bring forgiveness into my life. And, I am just totally against these leaders who stir up the divisions and the hatred. You've seen it - talking about all these offenses and things that happened. And, they're doing it for publicity. They're doing it to raise money. They're doing it to get a following so they'll be elected to some office, and so forth. That's wrong. To play on the hatred of people for your own personal gain is abhorrent, and there are many people who do that." – 700 Club, 02/06/01 "The concept that one God, "Thou shall have no other gods before me", will somehow upset a Hindu, that's tough luck! America was founded as a Christian nation. Our institutions presuppose the existence of a Supreme Being, a Being after the Bible. And we as Americans believe in the god of the Bible. And the fact that somebody comes with what amounts to an alien religion to these shores doesn't mean that we're going to give up all of our cherished religious beliefs to accommodate a few people who happen to believe in something else. You just can't do that. And that's been the thing that's been pushed over and over again. Clarence Thomas, Supreme Court Justice, said as I read the constitution, it's very clear. It says Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion. It says nothing of about a school district letting book covers be passed out" – 700 Club, 10/05/00 Pat responds to the question “Certain denominations are beginning to accept homosexual behavior in the church. Do you feel that it is for benefit, political gain or social acceptance?” sent in by a 700 Club viewer. His response was, “"I think that we have a pressure in our society right now called political correctness where it is not appropriate any longer to criticize anybody for their religion, their lifestyle, their race, their creed, their color, national origin, disabilities, or anything. You can't criticize anybody for anything. And so, if somebody has a quote lifestyle, that's their thing, and if somebody said, 'I'll make it with a duck', well, you know, who are you to criticize them. Well that isn't what the Bible says. The Bible has standards, and the standard makes it very clear that the acceptance of homosexuality in a society is the last stage after God has given a people up."… "How can a church open their arms and say 'You keep on with the lifestyle.'" – 700 Club, 10/17/00 "In the Old Testament and the New Testament boys and girls didn't make decisions like this, they were betrothed by their parents. We've got a couple here at Regent University whose parents arranged the marriage and they're very, very happy. I honestly think if we went back to that kind of thing you'd have a whole lot less problems--It'll help. I think it would cut down the divorce rate." – 700 Club, 0214/00 "We want...as soon as possible to see a majority of the Republican Party in the hands of pro-family Christians by 1996." – Denver Post, 10/26/92 "The feminist agenda is not about equal rights for women. It is about a socialist, anti-family political movement that encourages women to leave their husbands, kill their children, practice witchcraft, destroy capitalism, and become lesbians." – Pat Robertson direct mail, Summer 1992 "I believe that during the next couple of years there will be a fierce struggle between the militant leftists, secular humanists, and atheists who have dominated the power centers of American culture for the past 50 years and the Evangelical Christians, pro-family Roman Catholics, and their conservative allies. The radical left will lose its hold, and by the end of this decade control of the major institutions of society will be firmly in the hands of those who share a pro-family, religious, traditional value perspective." – Pat Robertson's Perspective, July-August/1991 Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Christian Legal Society The Christian Legal Society (CLS) is a nationwide network of lawyers and law students who are committed to “serving Jesus Christ through …the practice of law.” Through its Center for Law and Religious Freedom, CLS advocates and litigates issues ranging from religious liberty to reproductive choice. Christian Legal Society 4208 Evergreen Lane Suite 222 Annandale, VA 22003-3264 Website: www.clsnet.org President: James A. Davids Founded/Place: 1961 in Chicago, Illinois, by Paul Bernard, Gerrit P. Groen, Henry Luke Banks, and Elmer Johnson. Executive Director/CEO: Samuel B. Casey Board of Directors: Euguene H. Fahrenkrog, Jr. (Chairman), Peter F. Rathbun (Secretary), and Timothy C. Klenk (Treasurer). Membership: Includes attorneys, judges, law students, and anyone else who pays CLS dues and professes their commitment to the Faith. They are organized in more than 1100 cities into attorney chapters, law student chapters, and fellowships throughout the United States. Source Finances: $1,945,268 (2004); CLS is a 501(c)(3) organization Publications: The Christian Lawyer (quarterly), The Christian Lawyer Digest (an audiotape soon to be available on CD), The Defender (publication of CLS' Center for Law and Religious Freedom). Affiliate Groups: Center for Law and Religious Freedom (litigation arm of CLS) Purpose Activities/Litigation Funding History Chapters Quotes Purpose CLS’ vision is succinct: “Seeking Justice with the Love of God.” Their mission is "To be the national grassroots network of lawyers and law students, associated with others, committed to proclaiming, loving and serving Jesus Christ, through all we do and say in the practice of law, and advocating biblical conflict reconciliation, legal assistance for the poor and the needy, religious freedom and the sanctity of human life.” Source Back to Top Activities/Litigation CLS hosts annual, national conventions in Naples, Florida, which unites all members nationwide and holds prayer and religious ceremonies, while discussing the ministry of law. CLS has been involved in thousands of litigation suits, many dealing with First and Fourteenth Amendment rights; notably, those dealing with in-school recitations of the Pledge of Allegiance, and the separation of church and state. Formed the Center for Law and Religious Freedom in 1975 to address religious liberties and the sanctity of life issues in federal, local, and state governments. Back to Top Funding According to CLS’ 990 form for 2004, the organization reported $1,018,819 in “gifts, grants, and contributions received.” Back to Top History Christian Legal Society was officially founded in 1961 by a group of attorneys and professors who met at the 1959 American Bar Association national convention. Both founders were determined to create a nationwide association of Christian lawyers to create a network for sharing problems and for sharing fellowship. The goal was to integrate their faith with their profession. Today, CLS’s core purpose is to enlist “lawyers and law students everywhere to faithfully serve Jesus Christ in the diligent study and ethical practice of law.” Back to Top Chapters National: Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, District of Columbia, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington. International: Australia, Canada, Great Britain, Peru, and South Africa. Back to Top Quotes “We are particularly pleased that Judge Roberts, by virtue of his public service and private practice, has an excellent working knowledge of the provisions of our Constitution that protect our first and most vital liberties of free speech, association and religious free exercise…We are also pleased the President nominated someone who, by virtue of his appellate experience, promises upon his confirmation to make an immediate, positive and long-term impact on the respect the Supreme Court needs to preserve our constitutional form of government." –Center for Law & Religious Freedom Director Gregory S. Baylor on the nomination of Judge John Roberts to the Supreme Court. Source “Since its founding in 1961, CLS’ nine organizational objectives, as set forth in its amended not-for-profit articles of incorporation, have been: To proclaim Jesus as Lord through all that we do in the field of law and other disciplines; To provide a means of society, fellowship and nurture among Christian lawyers; To encourage Christian lawyers to view law as ministry; To clarify and promote the concept of the Christian lawyer and to help Christian lawyers integrate their faith with their professional lives; To mobilize, at the national and local levels, the resources needed to promote justice, religious liberty, the inalienable right to human life, and biblical conflict reconciliation To encourage, disciple and aid Christian students in preparing for the legal profession; To provide a forum for the discussion of problems and opportunities relating to Christianity and the law; To cooperate with bar associations and other organizations in asserting and maintaining high standards of legal ethics; and, To encourage lawyers to furnish legal services to the poor and needy, and grant special consideration to the legal needs of churches and other charitable organizations.” Source Updated: August 2006 Back to Top

	Club for Growth Club for Growth (CFG) touts itself as the inheritor of Ronald Reagan’s “vision of limited government and lower taxes” and it advances this anti-government vision through its support of political candidates who hew to its right-wing economic orthodoxy. The Culb for Growth has aggressively opposed several moderate Republicans often to the consternation of GOP political leaders. Club for Growth 1776 K Street NW Suite 300 Washington, DC 20006 Website: www.clubforgrowth.org Established: Club for Growth (CFG) was founded in 1999. President/CEO: Pat Toomey (former Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania’s 15th District) Founder: Stephen "Steve" Moore Executive Director: David Keating Board Members: CFG President Pat Toomey, Vice President Chuck Pike, Richard Gilder, formerly Chairman of the Manhattan Institute, and Thomas Rhodes, President of National Review magazine, associated with a variety of right-wing organizations, including the Heritage Foundation. Finances: CFG raised $9.2 million for its activities during the 2002 election cycle. Affiliations: CFG has spun off at least one local chapter, the Virginia Club for Growth. Virginia CFG’s president and founder is Peter Ferrara, the former general counsel and chief economist for Americans for Tax Reform. Activities Finances About Founder Steve Moore Quotes about Club for Growth Quotes from Club for Growth Activities Main agenda is promoting tax cuts and drastically reducing the size of the federal government. Club for Growth PAC patterns itself after EMILY's List, a progressive group that raises campaign funds for pro-choice women. CFG encourages donors to mail in checks for favored candidates. By “bundling” these checks and sending them off to candidates, CFG can have a large impact on individual races while avoiding the rules that govern more traditional political action committees. CFG has more than 9,000 members, dominated by Wall Street financiers and executives. CFG’s ex-president and founder Steve Moore has called for closing several government departments, including Education, Commerce, Labor and Agriculture. As always, CFG isn't afraid to take on Republicans who disagree with its policy goals. One of CFG’s targets in 2004 was Sen. John McCain, (R-Arizona) an opponent of some of President Bush's latest tax cut proposals. According to Moore, CFG members “loathe” McCain and hoped to find “a true, Reagan conservative” to face him in the 2004 primary. During the 2004 Presidential election, CFG launched a $1 million, 30-second television commercial depicting Democratic candidate John Kerry as a spinning weather vane for his stance on a variety of issues. CFG’s PAC gave $215,634 to GOP candidates in 2004. Following the 2004 election, Club for Growth hired its first lobbyist in an effort to increase their influence on Capitol Hill. Back to Top Finances Club for Growth is comprised of two connected entities: First, CFG is a “527” organization, which is allowed to collect unlimited contributions without disclosing donors’ names, and to run “issue ad” campaigns during elections. These ads do not directly call for the election or defeat of a candidate, and “527” groups do not have to disclose donors’ identity or reveal its activities to the IRS or the FEC. Second, it is a political action committee (PAC), and organization capable of giving limited donations directly to campaigns and is regulated by the FEC. Given the fact that contributions are unlimited, the spending by the “527” is far larger than that of the PAC, though specific finances are hard to trace. However, in total, CFG raised $9.2 million for its activities during the 2002 election cycle. Back to Top About Founder Steve Moore Stephen Moore is currently an editor and contributor to the National Review, and an economics correspondent for Human Events. He is also President of the Free Enterprise Fund Before founding the Club for Growth, Moore was the director of fiscal policy studies at the Cato Institute, and has stayed on as a senior fellow. Moore has also served at the Heritage Foundation and as committee staff to former Rep. Dick Armey, now co-chair of FreedomWorks. In December of 2004 then-CFG President Steve Moore left his position after accusations that he, and/or members of his new organization, the Free Enterprise Fund, had taken CFG’s donor and mailing lists. Though there were threats of legal action, no more came of the accusations. Back to Top Quotes about Club for Growth "It's unfortunate that they keep going after moderate Republicans. We thought it was time to stop them." –Sarah Chamberlain Resnick, Republican Main Street Partnership Rep. Jim Greenwood (R-PA) calls Club for Growth “cannibals” for its attacks on moderate Republicans. –Wall Street Journal, 3/16/2000 “[Moore] is the E.F. Hutton of economic growth. When he talks, conservatives listen.” –U.S. Rep. Rick Keller (R-FL), who CFG supported in his first campaign in 2000 “When you have 100 percent of Republicans voting for the Bush tax cut, you know that they're looking over their shoulder and not wanting to have Steve Moore recruiting candidates in their district.” –U.S. Rep. Jeff Flake (R-AZ), who CFG supported in 2000 Back to Top Quotes from Club for Growth “We want to be seen as the tax-cut enforcer in the [Republican] party.” – Stephen Moore, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 6/20/2001 “I can say this because I'm not an elected official: the most selfish group in America today is senior citizens. Their demands on Washington are: 'Give us more and more and more.' They have become the new welfare state, and given the size and political clout of this constituency, it's very dangerous. One of the biggest myths in politics today is this idea that grandparents care about their grandkids. What they really care about is that that Social Security check and those Medicare payments are made on a timely basis.” –Stephen Moore “We're trying to let candidates know that if they ever voted for a tax increase, we'll never support them and in fact we'll work to defeat them. We're trying to get the word out to even the lowest grass-roots level that if you're a Republican you aren't allowed to vote for taxes.” –Stephen Moore “Reagan's third term has arrived.” –Stephen Moore on President George W. Bush Updated: August 2008 Back to Top

	Collegiate Network The Collegiate Network was established in 1979 to provide financial and technical assistance to right-wing student newspapers on college campuses. It is heavily funded by right-wing foundations and claims its newspapers have a combined distribution of more than two million each year. Collegiate Network 3901 Centerville Road P.O. Box 4431 Wilmington, DE 19807 Website: www.collegiatenetwork.org President: T. Kenneth Cribb Finances: $1,249,161 (2003) Affiliated with: Intercollegiate Studies Institute Publications: Campus magazine, Stop the Presses!, online news; Start the Presses!, handbook; and a network of 80 student-run college newspapers Formally known as: Institute for Educational Affairs (changed in 1980) Principal Issues Activities Famous CN Newspaper Alumni History Funding Quotes about The Collegiate Network Principal Issues The Collegiate Network (CN) calls itself “The Home of Conservative College Journalism,” and provides financial and technical assistance to student editors and writers of conservative publications at colleges and universities. From CN’s mission statement, “to focus public awareness on the politicization of American college and university classrooms, curricula, student life, and the resulting decline of educational standards.” Among the college campuses where 80 CN-connected newspapers can be found: Princeton University, Yale University, American University, Amherst University, SUNY-Binghamton, Boston College, Bowdin College, North Carolina State University, Brown University, University of California- Berkeley, UNC-Chapel Hill, Johns Hopkins University, University of Chicago, University of Iowa, SUNY Albany, Brandeis University, University of Texas at Austin, Cornell University, Boston College, Bucknell University, Catholic University, Dartmouth University, Georgetown University, George Washington University, Harvard University, Kenyon College, Vanderbilt University, and Villanova University. Back to Top Activities CN helps students establish, organize and fund right-wing newspapers. CN hosts bi-annual training seminars on college student journalism and teaches students how to set up their own newspaper. CN awards general operations grants to many of its members. CN hosts an annual Editor’s Conference featuring right-wing media celebrities, such as John Leo; Weekly Standard editor Fred Barnes; Wall Street Journal editorial writers John Fund, William McGurn, and Robert Bartley; Thomas Sowell; Robert Bork; and Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia. Campus Outrage Awards, referred to as the "Pollys," are nominations by right-wing students to expose “radical campus activists” who “undermine the traditional curriculum, implement speech codes that persecute politically incorrect students, enforce group-identity politics with sensitivity seminars, and treat students with a double-standard emanating from a multiculturalist perspective.” The Wall Street Journal has called the Pollys "a great public service." Back to Top Famous CN Newspaper Alumni Columnist Ann Coulter wrote for Cornell Review — “My only regret with Timothy McVeigh is he did not go to the New York Times Building.” Read Rich Lowry wrote for Virginia Advocate Dinesh D’Souza wrote for Dartmouth Review; author of The End of Racism — a book, among other claims, that attributes racial inequality and oppression to African Americans themselves. Back to Top History Founders Tod Lindberg and John Podhoretz are now both professional writers. Lindberg is a columnist often published in the Washington Times and is an editor at the Hoover Institution. Podhoretz is a writer for the New York Post. CN’s President T. Kenneth Cribb worked for the Reagan Administration for eight years. Cribb was Assistant to the President for Domestic Affairs in the Reagan Administration, counselor to the Attorney General of the United States, Deputy Chief Counsel of the Reagan-Bush Campaign and supervised thirty of President-elect Reagan's transition teams. Cribb has been published in National Review, The American Spectator, The Intercollegiate Review, Modern Age, and Human Events. Back to Top Funding The Collegiate Network has received, from the years 1995-2003, $4,615,000 in grants from conservative foundations such as the Sarah Scaife Foundation, the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, the Kirby Foundation, Carthage Foundation, and the John M. Olin Foundation, among others. Back to Top Quotes about The Collegiate Network "Editing America’s leading conservative magazine [National Review] is no easy task. But I learned the ins and outs of taking on the far Left as the editor of the Virginia Advocate, the Collegiate Network’s independent publication at the University of Virginia.” — Rich Lowry, National Review "When I was 20 years old and writing for the Michigan Review, I hoped that one day I might work for National Review. Today I do, and the Collegiate Network is a huge part of the reason why.” — John J. Miller, National Review "As an alternative source of information on today's campuses, the papers in the Collegiate Network cannot be beaten for timely and newsbreaking stories." — John Fund, The Wall Street Journal "Affirmative Action, multiculturalism, grade inflation, bureaucratic weaseling - these are all fat targets for the slings and arrows of CN papers, who deflate the most self-important of the educrats. Journalists at certain dailies could learn from these college students. There is journalism for clones . . . and then there is journalism for individuals - the Collegiate Network." — Jeff Jacoby, Boston Globe Updated: April 2006 Back to Top

	Coalition for a Fair Judiciary Thought it claims to be an “organization comprised of more than 75 grassroots organizations,” the Coalition for a Fair Judiciary (CFJ) appears to be little more than a one-person, part-time operation run by right-wing operative Kay Daly. Coalition for a Fair Judiciary 1155 21st Street NW Suite 300 Washington, DC 20036 Website: www.fairjudiciary.com President/Executive Director: Kay Daly Founded: 2001 by Kay Daly (originally Americans for Ashcroft) "Experts" List: Jay Sekulow (president, American Center for Law and Justice), Jan LaRue (Chief Counsel, Concerned Women for America), Phyllis Schlafly (president, Eagle Forum), and Genevieve Wood, (political consultant, Family Research Center), among others. Membership: Approximately 70-80 smaller grassroots organizations, top officials in some mainstream conservative organizations Finances: CFJ is a 501(c)(4) organization Publications: "Daly Report" with Kay Daly on RighTalk—a daily radio program Purpose Activities About Kay Daly History Quotes Purpose The Coalition for a Fair Judiciary was created as an umbrella organization for roughly 75 smaller center-right grassroots organizations dedicated to confirming the nominations of conservative, “constitutionalist” judges, and to combat “judicial activism.” After the successful support for the confirmation of John Ashcroft for Attorney General following the 2000 Presidential election, President Kay Daly organized the 75 grassroots organizations to create CFJ as a 501(c)4 organization. Back to Top Activities The Coalition focuses primarily on organizing and mobilizing its grassroots bases by encouraging constituents to engage in letter-writing, editorial contributions to local newspapers, calling in to radio talk-shows, and to make direct contact with their Congressmen. Kay Daly is eager enough to physically fly in supporters for Senate judiciary hearings in order to pack the confirmation hearings with friendly faces and maximize visibility of constituents. Back to Top About Kay Daly Kay Daly is the President of the Coalition for a Fair Judiciary. An experienced political strategist and corporate marketer, Daly received the “Ronald Reagan Award” at the American Conservative Union’s “CPAC” conference in 2003 where ACU’s president, David Keene, called her “the new Phyllis Schlafly.” She is a tireless and determined campaigner, and is especially concerned with promoting Bush’s judicial nominees. She is “not afraid to get her hands dirty on behalf of client or party,” and has been the center of several controversial and suspicious “information gathering” scandals, all of which she has denied (source). Daly received a citation from Senator Rick Santorum (R-PA) for “Distinguished Service to the United States Senate.” Back to Top History Originally a coalition of groups organized to support the nomination and confirmation of John Ashcroft as Attorney General following the 2000 Presidential election, Kay Daly founded the Coalition for a Fair Judiciary as an umbrella organization for this coalition of over 75 “grassroots” organizations. Among these groups are the notable Americans for Tax Reform, the Family Research Council, and the Christian Coalition. It is a 501(c)(4) organization, meaning it is political, and donates specifically to political campaigns and efforts. In this case, the Coalition was formed to support “impartial” conservative judicial nominees. Back to Top Quotes “One need not look further than the ill-conceived "V-Day" campaign to demonstrate just how downright bizarre feminism has become. Basically, V-Day is an alternative feminist holiday to that evil celebration of love on St. Valentines Day. So instead of candy, flowers, and romantic dinners on February 14th, feminists are organizing events to celebrate the vagina. That's right, an entire day for females across the nation to focus on their genitalia. Isn't it the entire antithesis of feminism to reduce women (and therefore their value) down to nothing more than their genitalia? How in the world does that prevent the sexual objectification of women?” –Kay R. Daly, "Feminist Follies," GOPUSA, February 28, 2005 “Many conservative parents who can beautifully articulate the most intricate conservative philosophy are almost completely blind to the liberal claptrap that has infected their child-rearing practices.” –Kay R. Daly, “It's a Matter of Parenting: The Twixters,” January 18, 2005 "The Left, apparently unaware of the outcome of the last two elections, will continue to attempt to dictate to the President the terms of the nomination and confirmation process. The Constitution, however, is clear on that matter which is quite inconvenient to those on the Left who have attempted to mask judicial activists as consensus nominees and any other choice as 'outside the mainstream.' It is nonsense to believe that Senators Ted Kennedy, Chuck Schumer and Harry Reid, along with their pals at NARAL, NOW, the ACLU and People for the American Way have the slightest notion what 'the mainstream' of America believes.” –Kay R. Daly, “CFJ Praises the Roberts Nomination, Laments the Reaction from the Left,” July 19. 2005 Updated: July 2006 Back to Top

	Committee for Justice Launched at the behest of Senate Republicans and initially led by right-wing stalwart C. Boyden Gray, the Committee for Justice exists primarily for the purpose of providing the appearance of “grassroots” support and activism for President George W. Bush’s judicial nominees. 1275 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20004 Website: www.committeeforjustice.org Chairmen: C. Boyden Gray, Ronald A. Cass (former Dean of Boston University School of Law), Spencer Abraham (former Senator, former Secretary of Energy under George W. Bush, co-founder of the Federalist Society) Place/Date of Founding: Washington, D.C. in 2002 by former White House Counsel C. Boyden Gray and Sean Rushton Executive Director: Sean Rushton Board of Directors: C. Boyden Gray, Edward M. Rogers, and Edwin Williamson (all former members of George H.W. Bush’s administration) Board Members: Frank Keating (President and CEO of the American Council of Life Insurers), Connie Mack, Jennifer C. Braceras (Senior Fellow at the Independent Women’s Forum), John Engler (former Michigan governor and current President of National Association of Manufacturers), among others. Finances: $26,250 (2003 revenue); $122,611 (2003 expenses) Publications: Online “Daily Blog” and numerous television ads promoting judicial nominees. Affiliate Groups: Committee for Justice Foundation Principal Issues About C. Boyden Gray Activities History Quotes Principal Issues The Committee for Justice (CFJ) is staffed by legal scholars and practitioners, and was created for the purpose of promoting and supporting constitutionalist (as opposed to “activist”) judicial nominees to the federal courts. It strives to educate the public on the importance of judges and the court system to American life. CFJ defines “constitutionalism” as “the belief that a judge’s proper role is as neutral interpreter of the natural law, not as pioneer of new law or social policy through judicial activism.” Back to Top About C. Boyden Gray Partner at the law firm of Wilmer Cutler & Pickering and lobbyist for corporate clients such as Citigroup, Inc. In 2002, Gray was recruited by Representative Trent Lott to start an organization specifically tailored to oppose the filibuster of judicial nominees in the Senate. With additional support from Bush political strategist Karl Rove, Gray formed the CFJ, and began his mission to raise funds from corporate sources. Gray has strong ties to the Bush family; at the onset of CFJ, George H.W. Bush – for whom Gray had worked as Legal Counsel and Counsel to the Presidential Task Force on Regulatory Relief while Bush was Vice President; and later as Director of the Office of Transition Counsel for the Bush transition team and Counsel to President Bush from 1989-1993 – threw a large fund-raising cocktail party in his Houston home, raising $250,000 for the new organization. Gray served as Counsel to the Presidential Task Force on Regulatory Relief, chaired by Vice President Bush, then later as Director of the Office of Transition Counsel for the Bush transition team, and as Counsel to the first President Bush from 1989-1993. In 1993 he returned to William Cutler & Pickering. Gray sits on the Boards of Progress for America (a conservative group that spent millions in opposition to John F. Kerry’s race for the presidency), and FreedomWorks, a nonprofit organization in favor of lower taxes and less government regulation. Named Ambassador to European Union by President Bush in July 2005. Back to Top Activities CFJ bolsters support for ultra-conservative judicial nominees, many of whom are opposed by Democratic senators, by strategically airing and publishing advertisements in favor of the nominee in a senator’s home state. In August of 2005, CFJ President Rushton reported that his group would be targeting Democratic senators in the red states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Nebraska, Colorado, Indiana, and North and South Dakota with radio ad buys later on in the month. The organization has lent its support to nominees such as Charles Pickering, Janice Rogers-Brown, and Miguel Estrada, with ads featuring African-American and Latino politicians. Back to Top History CFJ was created in 2002 by C. Boyden Gray in order to advocate greater constitutionalism in the federal courts. Its primary goal is to see the conservative Bush nominees through the Senate confirmation process, and does so largely by appealing to the public with television and published advertisements. Back to Top Quotes “This is a single-issue litmus test that strikes at the heart of an independent judiciary. It proves that the Democratic Party is increasingly focused solely on the issue of abortion on demand. Their greatest fear is a nonpolitical judge who will read the law as it's written." – Sean Rushton, responding to female U.S. Senators who say that they will vote against Supreme Court nominee John G. Roberts Jr. unless he vows to uphold abortion rights. Washington Times, July 29, 2005 Updated: May 2006 Back to Top

	Concerned Women for America Founded by Beverly LaHaye, wife of Religious Right activist Tim LaHaye, as a counter to the progressive National Organization of Women, Concerned Women for America (CWA) describes itself as “the nation's largest public policy women's organization.” CWA opposes gay rights, comprehensive sex education, drug and alcohol education, and feminism, while advocating what it calls “pro-life” and “pro-family” values. Concerned Women for America 1015 Fifteenth Street NW - Suite 1100 Washington, DC 20005 Website: www.cwfa.org Founder and Chairman: Beverly LaHaye President: Wendy Wright Founded: 1979, San Diego, CA Finances: Concerned Women for America - $8,484,108 (2004); Concerned Women for America Legislative Action Committee - $555,477 (2004) Membership: CWA claims over 500,000 members. State chapters: 500 regional groups across the country. Staff: 34 Donations: In 2002, CWA reported earnings in the form of “gifts, grants and contributions received” in the amount of $10,731,558 Publications: Family Voice (published monthly, has 200,000 subscribers) and Issues at a Glance (monthly). Family Watch, a church communication, reaches 500,000 people in churches across the country. CWA also offers many books, cassettes, and video tapes to their supporters on a wide variety of subjects. Radio: CWA's daily radio show, "Concerned Women Today," is broadcast on 75 stations and reaches an estimated weekly audience of over 1 million. Affiliate groups: Concerned Women for America Education and Legal Defense Foundation, Concerned Women for America Legislative Action Committee (CWALAC), the Beverly LaHaye Institute, and the Culture and Family Institute. Principal Issues Activities History Former Employees State Activities Quotes from Beverly LaHaye Principal Issues Concerned Women for America is “the nation’s largest public policy women’s organization…[CWA seeks] to protect traditional values that support the Biblical design of the family.”. CWA is anti-gay, anti-choice, anti-feminism and anti-sex education. Beverly LaHaye started CWA to respond to the advances of feminism after watching NOW founder Betty Friedan on television in 1978. CWA identifies feminism as “anti-god, anti-family.” CWA identifies state-level Equal Rights Amendments (ERAs) as responsible for the breakdown of families, “The ERA proposes the elimination of our God-given roles as men and women, resulting in the redefinition -- and eventual destruction -- of family.” Back to Top Activities CWA has lobbied against the Freedom of Choice Act and gay rights legislation in many states. Grassroots activity in most states is led by a CWA Area Representative and a steering committee. According to its 2003 990 Report, CWA spent a total of $92,560 in lobbying expenditures to influence both public opinion and legislative bodies. This group monitors state legislation, organizes Prayer/Action chapters and coordinates the CWA's “Project 535” grassroots congressional lobbying program. (“Project 535” refers to the total number of Members of Congress in both the House and Senate.) CWA fights against sex education curricula that is not completely abstinence based and opposes anti-drug and alcohol abuse programs that emphasize self-esteem. Many challengers to books and curricula in public schools use CWA-produced materials. CWA has been active in the fight against using Harry Potter books in schools. Publications such as “Harry Potter: Seduction of the Occult” claim that the books promote the practice of witchcraft among children. CWA offers books and videos such as, “Harry Potter: Witchcraft Repackaged: Making Evil Look Innocent.” (Produced by Tim LaHaye, Beverly LaHaye’s husband.) CWA has also been active in supporting the teaching of Creationism and “Intelligent Design theory” in science classrooms. CWA’s anti-gay work covers many issues, from supporting the Boy Scouts of America ban against gay participants, to opposing any openly gay people in President Bush’s administration. CWA has been active in opposing any and all gay and lesbian civil rights measures, including supporting the right to discriminate against gays and lesbians in employment. CWA supports the “Truth in Love” campaign that says that homosexuality is a sin and claims gays and lesbians can become “straight” through “the love of Jesus Christ.” CWA established the Culture and Family Institute (CFI) to combat gay and lesbian civil rights. Robert H. Knight, a long time anti-gay crusader, leads the Culture and Family Institute. During John Ashcroft’s confirmation hearings in the Senate, CWA and many other “pro-family” groups held a press conference of conservative women leaders, which they claim resulted in 13,000 e-mails to senators, phone calls from members, hand-deliver information to senators and appeared on several major news networks. CWA called Ashcroft’s critics “anti-religionists.” As a leader of the religious right, Beverly and her husband Tim LaHaye are strong supporters of other Religious-Right groups and leaders. For instance, in the summer of 2001 the LaHayes gave Jerry Falwell’s Liberty University $4.5 million. (Beverly LaHaye is a trustee of the university.) Beverly LaHaye, alongside many other conservative leaders, has lobbied to de-fund the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). In 1991, she testified before the Committee on Appropriations, Interior Subcommittee, of the House of Representatives to argue for de-funding of the NEA. In 2002, CWA vehemently opposed ratification of CEDAW (the United Nation’s Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women), claiming its pro-women empowerment and equality sections comprised a “leftist utopian wish list.” The Convention, which opposes the discrimination or subordination of women across the globe, was criticized by LaHaye Institute Fellow Janice Shaw Crouse, as imposing contemporary colonialist, neo-Marxist agendas. CEDAW was ratified on January 7, 2005, by 71 countries, and endorsed by 76 signatories. The United States was not one of them. Back to Top History In 1994 CWA filed suit on behalf of an anti-abortion protester who was arrested during a protest against the federal Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act (FACE), which banned protesters from blocking clinic entrances. In 1995 the Court of Appeals upheld FACE and CWA appealed to the Supreme Court, although the Court refused to hear the case. In 1994 the Virginia State Democratic Committee filed an injunction against CWA to stop the distribution of CWA’s “nonpartisan” voter guides. CWA and the Family Foundation (of Virginia) appealed to the courts, which ordered the ban lifted. In 1993 CWA-Iowa claimed victory by helping to defeat the state ERA with a 52 percent majority vote. In 1988, Beverly LaHaye testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee in the confirmation hearings for Judge Anthony Kennedy to the U.S. Supreme Court. During the 1987 Supreme Court nomination hearings for Robert Bork, CWA led a national petition drive, sponsored a “Women for Bork” rally, and organized 350 people to lobby senators on Bork’s behalf. Back to Top Former Employees Mike Farris: Founder and former President (until 2000) of the Home School Legal Defense Association, Mike Farris worked for CWA as a full-time attorney while still upholding his responsibilities to home-schooling. HSLDA is an organization that defends a parent’s right to home-school their children, and frequently defends parents who have been contacted by Social Services for reasons ranging from educational neglect to physical child abuse. Farris is no longer President, yet he still remains the Chairman of the Board and General Counsel at HSLDA. Farris was the Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in 1993, and is the President of Patrick Henry College. Farris is also the founder and president of The Madison Project, a political action committee supporting “Republicans who clearly demonstrate their conservatism.” Michael Schwartz: Schwartz was the Vice President for Legislative Affairs and the Vice President of Governmental Relations at CWA. During his career with CWA, Schwartz co-authored Gays, AIDS, and You, and was a leading advocate for the sanctity of life, parental rights, and religious freedom. Schwartz is currently the chief of staff in the office of Senator Tom Coburn (R-OK). Back to Top State Activities Many of the CWA state groups are very active on local issues. For instance, in 1998 the CWA-California Bay Area chapter helped gather 60,000 necessary signatures to force the Board of Supervisors to either repeal or place on the ballot a domestic partnership ordinance. The Board repealed the ordinance. Back to Top Quotes from Beverly LaHaye “Christian values should dominate our government. The test of those values is the Bible. Politicians who do not use the Bible to guide their public and private lives do not belong in office.” Read “Most women know the feminist agenda has failed. They see our culture crumbling from its influence. In fact, feminism has harmed women and families worldwide as its proponents have used the United Nations to spread their agenda." (CWA’s Family Voice, July-August, 1999, pg. 5) "Yes, religion and politics do mix. America is a nation based on biblical principles. Christian values dominate our government. The test of those values is the Bible. Politicians who do not use the bible to guide their public and private lives do not belong in office." (“Ms.” magazine, 2/87) On censorship: "I am aware that America is and must always be a land of freedom including freedom of speech. But there is a right time and place for everything." (CWA News, 3/91) Mrs. LaHaye warned her members that homosexuals "want their depraved 'values' to become our children's values. Homosexuals expect society to embrace their immoral way of life. Worse yet, they are looking for new recruits!" (CWA direct mail, 5/92) Updated: April 2006 Back to Top

	Eagle Forum 316 Pennsylvania Ave., SE, Ste. 203 Washington, DC 20003 www.eagleforum.org President/Founder: Phyllis Schlafly Executive Director: Lori (Cole) Waters Date of founding: 1972 Place of founding: Alton, IL Membership: 80,000 Finances: $2.3 million (2000) Staff: 8 State Chapters: 30 listed on website. Publications: The Phyllis Schlafly Report, published monthly. From the Eagle's Nest, a weekly newsletter just for teens. The Eagle’s Voice, a weekly e-mail newsletter for college students. “Crisis in the Classroom,” a video on “hidden agendas” in public schools. “Radical Feminism,” a video which outlines the destructive force of feminism. Schlafly’s weekly syndicated column appears in 100 newspapers. EF also publishes other reports on their issues. Radio: Schlafly’s radio commentaries are heard daily on 460 stations, and her radio talk show on education called "Phyllis Schlafly Live" is heard weekly on 40 stations. Cole has appeared on the United Radio Network NewsMaker, USA Radio Network. Television: Cole has been a guest on Fox News The O'Reilly Factor, Hannity and Colmes , Beyond the News, CNN Talk Back Live, ABC’s Politically Incorrect , and MSNBC. Affiliate Groups: Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund, the Eagle Forum’s foundation. The Eagle Forum Collegians, a network for conservative college students. The Eagle Forum PAC contributes to right-wing political campaigns. Schlafly co-founded the Republican National Coalition for Life in 1990. Eagle Forum’s Principal Issues: Eagle Forum's History: Phyllis Schlafly quotes: Eagle Forum’s Principal Issues: The Eagle Forum has expanded from a group that spent a decade campaigning against a single issue to lobbying congress on a variety of issues, establishing leadership training seminars, and reaching out to college students to help develop future conservative leaders. Phyllis Schlafly is often identified as the mother of the women’s conservative movement, and through EF she has been an outspoken opponent of many issues including: sex education (unless its “abstinence only”), reproductive rights, AIDS education, sexual harassment legislation, federal support for daycare and family leave, United States involvement with the United Nations, the international Chemical Weapons Treaty, affirmative action, bilingual education, multiculturalism and diversity education, gay and lesbian rights, teaching the theory of evolution in schools, environmental protection efforts, the dangers of pornography, and immigration. Schlafly has championed “traditional family values,” such as women staying home to care for their children, and has raised 6 children in addition to writing or editing 20 books, earning a Master’s in Political Science in 1945 from Harvard, and spearheading national campaigns for over thirty years. Mrs. Schlafly is also a lawyer and served as a member of the Commission on the Bicentennial of the U.S. Constitution, 1985-1991, appointed by President Reagan. Schlafly has testified before more than 50 Congressional and State Legislative committees on constitutional, national defense, and family issues. The Eagle Forum has organized against curricula and textbooks in public schools that violate “Christian values” and Schlafly’s work is cited frequently by local schoolbook censors. EF also campaigns heavily against the National Education Association and the American Teacher's Federation, claiming that both groups intentionally obstruct the ability of children to learn so that they can make a profit. Back to Top Eagle Forum's History: Phyllis Schlafly established the Eagle Forum (EF) to combat the “Equal Rights Amendment” and the radical feminist agenda. Schlafly takes credit for defeating the Equal Rights Amendment, and her anti-feminism efforts made her a household name in the Equal Rights Amendment battle in the 1970’s; She was responsible for popularizing the misconception that if the ERA was passed, separate bathrooms for the sexes would be illegal. Back to Top Phyllis Schlafly quotes: “The teachers unions are more eager to expand job opportunities for the remedial reading bureaucracy, and for servicing the social problems caused by illiteracy, than they are in teaching the basics.” – website essay, “How to Make America Better” “Abolishing the Department of Education was one of Ronald Reagan's campaign promises when he ran for President in 1980. Fulfilling that promise is long overdue, and the time to do it is now…The goal [in public schools] is clearly to infuse (i.e., cause to penetrate) the gay/lesbian propaganda into every level of school: every grade K through 12, every academic subject, and every school and social activity. “ -The Phyllis Schlafly Report, September 1995 “Nothing about contraception should be taught in schools. There is no question that it will encourage sexual activity.” – New York Times, 10/17/92 “You can’t get into negotiations with the feminists because you will lose. They will slit your throat. They have no sense of fair play or compromise.” –National Affairs Briefing, 8/92 [Updated September 2002] Back to Top

	Eagle Forum Collegians 316 Pennsylvania Ave. SE, Suite 203 Washington, DC 20003 www.efcollegians.org Founded: by Phyllis Schlafly in 1993 President: Phyllis Schlafly Assistant Director: Jessica Echard Finances: unknown, see Eagle Forum Affiliated with: Eagle Forum Publications: Eagle’s Voice, a weekly newsletter EFC's Issues: EFC's Activities: EFC's Issues: EFC’s main issues: fighting feminism and women’s studies curricula, opposing “the gay agenda,” opposing affirmative action programs, opposing multicultural approaches to education, and targeting the campus funding of “liberal” student organizations. EFC helps students sponsor right-wing speakers and bring them to their campuses to “counter the multitude of liberal messages in the classrooms, the dorms, the student center, and the special lectures.” The only speaker heavily promoted through the group is Phyllis Schalfy. Back to Top EFC's Activities: ECF has chapters on college and university campuses. These groups focus on electing conservative students to student government. Hosts an annual Leadership Summit in Washington, DC. Guest lecturers have included: Senator Rick Santorum (R-PA), CNN host Tucker Carlson, Rep. Tom Tancredo (R-CO), and Rep. Saxby Chambliss (R-GA). The 2003 conference claimed to have had students from 119 schools. The 2004 conference included the following speakers: Phyllis Schlafly, Rep. Jeb Hensarling (R-TX), Rep. Charlie Norwood (R-GA), Rep. Tom Feeney (R-FL), Rep. Mike Pence (R-IN), Rep. Todd Akin (R-MO), Rep. Trent Franks (R-AZ), Rep. John Hostettler (R-IN), Rep. Robert Aderholt (R-AL) and Tim Goeglein of the White House Office of Public Liaison. The 2004 conference claimed to have had students from over 100 schools. Previous speakers also include Ann Coulter and House Majority Leader Dick Armey. EFC has a“Book Project”whose central purpose is to promote Phyllis Schlafly’s books and get students to pressure college and university libraries to purchase copies of her books. The Book Project also suggests that students pressure their Women’s Studies Departments to make Schlafly’s recent book on “feminism's forty-year war against women,” Feminist Fantasies, required reading. EFC offers students internships in their national Washington DC headquarters. Updated July 2004 Back to Top

	Family Research Council 801 G Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 www.frc.org President: Tony Perkins Date of founding: 1983 Membership: 455,000 members. Finances: $10 million (2000 revenue) Staff: 120 State groups: 40 Publications: Washington Watch (monthly) and Family Policy (bimonthly). Ed Facts (available via fax, e-mail or internet on a weekly basis). CultureFacts (available by fax or e-mail). I.E. (Ideas & Energy) monthly newsletter provides articles on political, social, and cultural trends for high-school students. Also produces numerous issue papers. Radio: Ken Connor’s “Washington Watch,” a daily radio program hosted by FRC’s president. Affiliate groups: American Renewal, Family Policy Councils FRC’s Principal Issues: FRC's Activities: FRC history: Quotes from the Family Research Council: FRC’s Principal Issues: Since the early 1990’s, FRC has emerged as a leading conservative think-tank championing “traditional family values” by lobbying for state-sponsored prayer in public schools, private school “vouchers,” abstinence-only programs, filtering software on public library computers, the right to discriminate against gay men and lesbians. FRC’s objective is to establish a conservative Christian standard of morality in all of America’s domestic and foreign policy. FRC has dedicated itself to working against reproductive freedom, sex education, equal rights for gays and lesbians and their families, funding of the National Endowment for the Arts and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. FRC supports a school prayer amendment and would like to ‘disestablish’ the Department of Education. Back to Top FRC's Activities: FRC has testified before congress on many “pro-family” issues, filed amicus briefs, and published a lot of reports that they regularly circulate to politicians. In September 2001, FRC’s president attacked President Bush for his “implicit endorsement of the homosexual political agenda” with the appointment of two openly gay men by the Bush administration. FRC has also defended the Boy Scout’s discriminatory practices against gay men and lesbians and has criticized the Girl Scouts for not having the same practice. FRC has joined many other right-wing conservative groups by attacking and boycotting Disney’s “gay-friendly” policies. FRC has lobbied against many “equal rights” measures that extend civil rights protections to gay and lesbian people, and has promoted the “ex-gay” movement as a way to combat civil rights measures for gay men and lesbians. FRC strives to ban all federal or state support for family planning services and overturn the right to an abortion. FRC is a strong supporter of “abstinence-only” education and opposes sex education that addresses contraception. Back to Top FRC history: FRC was originally established by Dr. James Dobson, of the behemoth right-wing group Focus on the Family, to lobby for “traditional family values” in Washington, DC. In 1988 the group was led by Gary Bauer, former head the Reagan Administration’s Office of Policy Development and Reagan’s chief adviser on domestic policy. The ambitious Bauer set out to make FRC the voice of social conservatives in Washington, DC. Under Bauer, FRC became a division of Dr. James Dobson’s Focus on the Family from 1988 until October 1992, when IRS concerns about the group’s lobbying led to an amicable administrative separation. When Ralph Reed stepped down as executive director of the Christian Coalition, Bauer emerged as an emerging star of the religious right. Bauer’s leadership helped establish the group as one most well-known conservative lobbying groups in Washington, DC. In 1999, Bauer left FRC to run for president of the United States. After his failed bid for the presidency, in 2000 Bauer returned to American Values, a group he had formed years ago but had been dormant for several years. In 1999, Attorney Ken Connor was tapped to be FRC’s next president, a seasoned anti-choice activist from Florida. Connor stepped down as FRC's president in August 2003. FRC appointed former Louisiana state Rep. Tony Perkins as their new president in September 2003. Perkin's Louisiana legislative background includes: author of legislation requiring public schools to install filtering software. author of American History Preservation Act, which "prevents censorship of America's Christian heritage in Louisiana public schools." authored legislation providing "a daily time of silent prayer in Louisiana public schools." author of the first Covenant Marriage Law. In 1998, Perkins founded the Louisiana Family Forum due to his concern for "increasing influence of the homosexual community on public policy issues." Back to Top Quotes from the Family Research Council: “We are encouraged that the President is now saying he will support amending the Constitution to protect marriage. However, I am concerned that the President thinks counterfeit institutions such as same-sex unions are OK and do not threaten to devalue the real thing. This administration has spent millions of dollars to prevent the counterfeiting of our currency which threatens the health of our economy. Counterfeit marriages called "civil unions" pose a serious threat to the health of our culture, and while the President may believe this is an issue to be resolved at the state level, he should use his moral leadership to steer states away from such culture-threatening unions - not encourage them by showing indifference or political tolerance." -Tony Perkins, Washington Update, December 17, 2003 "Supporters of V. Gene Robinson, the newly consecrated homosexual Episcopal bishop, claim his elevation sends "a powerful message of love and tolerance." However, it is not "tolerant" to brush off opposition to the consecration of a homosexual bishop. Nor is it "loving" to suppress evidence that homosexual behavior is a "death-style" that is sending young people to an early grave." -Tony Perkins, Washington Update, November 4, 2003 “Do you really think that when our troops from Delta Force crawl into Osama bin Laden’s cave in Afghanistan or into the face of the muzzle of a terrorist machine gun, that they are doing it so that women can kill their children, so that pornographers can peddle their smut, so that people of the same sex can marry? If those features of American life become the fixtures of American life, I fear that our nation may not long endure.” -- President Ken Connor, from “Reflections After the Terror,”October 2, 2001 "This is another attempt by the homosexual lobby to indoctrinate children as young as kindergarten in the homosexual lifestyle. Young people who are sexually confused need the facts about homosexuality. They need to know that research shows they aren't `born gay,' that there is hope for a way out of the lifestyle, and that continuing in homosexuality presents serious health risks. The NEA’s proposal would censor such honesty." --Family Research Council spokeswoman Genevieve Wood on the National Education Association, Washington Times, July 4th, 2001 “With today’s effective [internet] filtering technology, there is no excuse for schools and libraries to become a virtual dirty peep-show open to kids and funded by taxpayers." -- spokeswoman Jan LaRue, March 20, 2001 press release "...one of the primary goals of the homosexual rights movement is to abolish all age of consent laws and to eventually recognize pedophiles as the 'prophets' of a new sexual order." --“Homosexual Behavior & Pedophilia,” a FRC publication, July 1999, http://www.frc.org/misc/bl057.pdf "Gaining access to children has been a long-term goal of the homosexual movement." --"Homosexual Behavior and Pedophilia," FRC publication, July 1999, http://www.frc.org/misc/bl057.pdf [Updated December 2003] Back to Top

	Federalist Society for Law and Public Policy Studies Since its inception, the Federalist Society has played a key role in advancing the right-wing agenda. As a ideological proving ground for ultra-conservative activists, lawyers, and scholars, the Federalist Society has long served as a valuable professional network for those on the Right and has proved to be a valuable resource from which the Bush administration has culled not only numerous administration officials, but also judicial nominees. Federalist Society for Law and Public Policy Studies 1015 18th Street NW Suite 425 Washington, DC 20036 Website: www.fed-soc.org Established: 1982 by a group of right-wing law students President/Executive Director: Eugene Meyer Board of Directors: National Co-Chairmen Prof. Steven Calabresi and David M. MacIntosh, Directors Prof. Gary Lawson, and Eugene B. Meyer, Hon. T. Kenneth Cribb (President of Collegiate Network), and Mr. Brent O. Hatch, treasurer. Membership: The FS Lawyers Division has 25,000 legal professionals; Student Division has more than 5,000 law students at 145 law schools; 60 metropolitan lawyers’ chapters; 15 nationwide practice groups; and a new Faculty Division with unpublished membership numbers. Finances: $5,450,536 (total revenue for 2004) Grants: Since 1985, The Federalist Society has received over $12 million in grants from conservative foundations, such as the Earhart, Bradley, Simon, and Olin Foundations, as well as the Carthage, Koch, and Scaife Foundations. Publications: Several e-mail newsletters on different topics, a quarterly law journal, a “Conservative and Libertarian Pre-Law Reading List,” and various reports on legal issues. Principal Issues Federalist Society Members in the Bush Administration [partial list] Federal Judicial Nominees Other High-Profile Federalist Society Members [partial list] Principal Issues The Federalist Society hopes to transform the American legal system by developing and promoting far-right positions and influencing who will become judges, top government officials, and decision-makers. FS is “dedicated to reforming the current legal order.” The Federalist Society is a well established network of right-wing lawyers, politicians, pundits, and judges. Many members of the Federalist Society advocate a rollback of civil rights measures, reproductive choice, labor and employment regulations, and environmental protections. In Federalist Society’s guide to forming and running a chapter of the society, FS says it “creates an informal network of people with shared views which can provide assistance in job placement.” The Federalist Society has 15 different “practice groups” that focus on particular legal issues, such as civil rights and labor and employment law. Read PFAW Foundation's detailed report, The Federalist Society: From Obscurity to Power [PDF file]. Back to Top Federalist Society Members in the Bush Administration [partial list] Former Attorney General John Ashcroft Former Secretary of the Department of Energy Spencer Abraham Secretary of the Department of Interior Gale Norton Former Solicitor of Labor Eugene Scalia (Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia’s son) Former General Counsel of the Department of Education Brian Jones Former Deputy Attorney General Larry Thompson Former Solicitor General Ted Olson Former Assistant Attorney General for Legal Policy Viet Dinh Inspector General of Department of Defense Joseph E. Schmitz Former Asst. Attorney General for Environment and Natural Resources Thomas L. Sansonetti Former Principal Deputy Solicitor General Paul Clement [Currently Solicitor General] Former Associate Deputy Attorney General and former Director of the Federal Trade Commission's Office of Policy Planning R. Ted Cruz Former Director of National Institute of Justice Sarah V. Hart Former Associate White House Counsel Bradford Berenson Former Associate White House Counsel Noel Francisco Back to Top Federal Judicial Nominees Samuel Alito, confirmed to the U.S. Supreme Court John Roberts, confirmed to the U.S. Supreme Court Janice Rogers Brown, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit Miguel Estrada, nominated to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit [withdrawn] Brett Kavanaugh, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit D. Brooks Smith, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit Michael Chertoff, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, currently Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security William Haynes, nominated to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit Edith Brown Clement, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit Priscilla R. Owen, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit Henry Saad, nominated to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit [withdrawn] Susan Neilson, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit Deborah Cook, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit Jeffrey Sutton, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit David W. McKeague, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit Diane Sykes, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit Steven Collonton, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit Raymond Gruender, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit Carlos Bea, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Carolyn B. Kuhl, nominated to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit [withdrawn] Jay Bybee, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Harris L. Hartz, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit Michael McConnell, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit Timothy M. Tymkovich, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit William Pryor, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit Thomas B. Griffith, confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit Back to Top Other High-Profile Federalist Society Members [partial list] Justice Antonin Scalia, U.S. Supreme Court Senator Orrin Hatch (R-Utah) Kenneth Starr, former White House Independent Counsel whose investigation led to President Clinton’s impeachment Judge Robert Bork, failed Supreme Court nominee Linda Chavez, President of the Center for Equal Opportunity Charles Murray, controversial author who asserted that some races are inherently less intelligent than others Don Hodel, former Christian Coalition president Michigan Governor John Engler Justice Maura Corrigan, Michican Supreme Court Chief Justice (4 other justices on the state supreme court are also members of the FS) Former Attorney General Don Stenberg, Nebraska Former Attorney General Alan Lance, Idaho Updated: May 2006 Back to Top

	Focus on the Family Focus on the Family founder and chairman James Dobson is perhaps the most influential right-wing Christian leader in the country, with a huge and loyal following that he can reach easily through an impressive media empire. Focus on the Family 8605 Explorer Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80920 Website: http://www.family.org/ Founder: Dr. James C. Dobson President/Chief Executive Officer: James D. Daly Established: 1977 Finances: $137,848,520 (2004 Focus on the Family revenue); $24,988,036 (2004 Focus on the Family Action revenue) Board of Directors: Ted Engstrom, Bobb Beihl, Lee Eaton, Shirley Dobson, Don Hodel, Stephen W. Reed, Robert Hamby, Anthony Wauterlek, Daniel Villanueva; Lt. Gen. Patrick P Caruana, Elsa Prince Broekhuizen, Steve Largent, Dr. Albert Mohler, Jr., Dr. Kathleen Nielson (2004) Staff: approximately 1,300 employees Publications: 2.3 million subscribers to ten monthly magazines. Magazine titles include: Focus on the Family, Citizen Magazine, Parental Guidance, Clubhouse and Clubhouse Jr. Focus on the Family also publishes a wide variety of books, tapes, films and videos. Media: Dr. Dobson is heard daily on more than 3,400 radio facilities in North America, in 15 languages, on approximately 6,300 facilities in 164 countries. Dobson’s estimated listening audience is over 220 million people every day, including a program translation carried on all state-owned radio stations in the Republic of China. In the United States, Dobson appears on 80 television stations daily. State affiliates: FOF is affiliated with 36 state groups such as the Pennsylvania Family Institute, the North Carolina Policy Council and the Rocky Mountain Family Council. Affiliate groups: Focus on the Family Institute, FOF’s college program, and Focus on the Family Action, which is FOF’s cultural action organization formed under the IRS section 501(c)(4). FOF has 74 different international ministries and has established conservative Christian ministries for attorneys, doctors, teachers, and other groups. Principal Activities Funding About Founder James Dobson About President Jim Daly Quotes from Dr. James Dobson Principal Activities Focus on the Family's mission is to cooperate with the Holy Spirit in disseminating the Gospel of Jesus Christ to as many people as possible, and, specifically, to accomplish that objective by helping to preserve traditional values and the institution of the family. Focus on the Family (FOF) is the largest international religious-right group in the United States, a multi-media empire that includes its own “campus” and zip code in Colorado Springs, Colorado. FOF is a strong supporter of the Defense of Marriage Act; since the decision of Massachusetts to recognize same-sex unions, FOF closely monitors the status of same-sex marriage prevention measures being enacted in each state across the country. Focus on the Family Action launched an ad campaign in 16 states urging calls to U.S. senators in support of an up-or-down vote on President Bush’s judicial nominees. FOF provides “Evangelical Christian” self-help in a variety of forums, via radio and their publications, and by conducting seminars across the country to help evangelical Christians become involved in the political process. Focus on the Family uses its radio show and magazine, Citizen, to urge "pro-family" voters to become active in state and local primaries and caucuses. FOF is anti-choice, anti-gay, and against sex education curricula that are not strictly abstinence-only. Local schoolbook censors frequently use Focus on the Family's material when challenging a book or curriculum in the public schools. FOF also focuses on religion in public schools, encouraging Christian teachers to establish prayer groups in schools. FOF supports student-led prayer in public schools, although it points out that it doesn’t support teacher-led prayer for fear that a teacher would encourage Christian students “to pray to Allah, Buddha or the goddess Sophia against the wishes of the parents and/or students.” (“Religion in Public Schools,” February 1998.) FOF also supports private school vouchers, tax credits for religious schools, rejects education efforts that address multiculturalism or homosexuality, and recommends that Christian parents withdraw from the Parents and Teachers Association (PTA) on the grounds that it has a liberal social agenda. FOF supports faith-based social services and “charitable choice.” FOF works against “special rights” for homosexuals and hate crime legislation, and supports “reparative therapy” for homosexuality, which has been widely discredited and rejected by the vast majority of doctors and physicians. FOF sponsors “Love Won Out,” conferences held around the U.S. that claim to prove that “homosexuality is preventable and treatable,” where many of the speakers are “ex-gays.” “Love Won Out” is from the title of a book by John Paulk, an “ex-gay” who is the host of the conferences and is an employee of Focus on the Family. For those ex-gays who cannot change, FOF considers sexual celibacy another option. FOF regularly asserts the idea that there is a “homosexual agenda” and associates homosexuals with pedophilia and recruitment of children as sex partners. Back to Top Funding According to Ministry Watch, Focus on the Family is the eighth largest ministry in terms of revenues in their database. FOF receives a substantial portion of its revenue from its countless resources, including book, periodical, CD, video, and magazine sales, as well as conference and retreat costs, yet still, in its 2004 990 form, declares $118,263,318 of grants, contributions and gifts received from donors. Focus on the Family’s ownership of its land (it prefers to own rather than rent its space) and buildings add up to $48 million on its books, and in 2004 they cited the cost of upkeep and improvements on their property to be over $101.5 million. James Dobson pays FOF a yearly sum of $5000 for radio show fees. Shirley Dobson, wife of James and head of the National Day of Prayer, works in conjunction with FOF for funding for the events of the National Day of Prayer; in 2004 the total cost of the events came to $164,000, which was apparently in part reimbursed by a $150,000 donation to FOF by the National Prayer Committee (NPC). Back to Top About Founder James Dobson Dobson served as the President and CEO of the group from the time it was founded until he stepped down in Spring of 2003. Dobson still serves as the Chairman of the Board and the host of Focus on the Family radio broadcasts. Dr. James Dobson is the author of 17 books, most of which deal with raising Christian children in a culture that he views as hostile to fundamentalist Christians. Dr. Dobson has been heavily involved with Republican administrations as an expert on the “family.” Dobson was appointed by President Ronald Reagan to the National Advisory Commission to the office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1982-84. From 1984-87 he was regularly invited to the White House to consult with President Reagan and his staff on family matters. He served as co-chairman of the Citizens Advisory Panel for Tax Reform, in consultation with President Reagan, and served as a member and later chairman of the United States Army's Family Initiative, 1986-88. Dobson served on Attorney General Edwin Meese's Commission on Pornography, 1985-86. Dobson also consulted with former President George H.W. Bush on family related matters. In December 1994, Dr. Dobson was appointed by Senator Robert Dole to the Commission on Child and Family Welfare, and in October, 1996, by Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott to the National Gambling Impact Study Commission. James Dobson also founded and helped establish another successful conservative group, Washington, DC’s Family Research Council. Established in 1981 by Dobson, the group was designed to be a conservative lobbying force on Capital Hill. In the late 1980’s the group officially became a division of FOF, but in 1992, IRS concerns about the group’s lobbying led to an administrative separation. James Dobson has a PhD in child development from the University of Southern California. Read PFAW's in-depth report on James Dobson. Back to Top About President Jim Daly Before coming to FOF Jim Daly worked at International Paper, where he gained experiences in banking, insurance, and product sales. He joined FOF in 1989, when he started out as the assistant to the President of Public Affairs. He eventually moved on to manage the International Field Director position which address relations in Asia, Africa, and Australia. His position now as President is the result of his experienced corporate and business skills, coupled with his ability to make cross-cultural ties. Back to Top Quotes from Dr. James Dobson In response to 9/11: “Question: Has God withdrawn His protective hand from the US?” James Dobson responds: “Christians have made arguments on both sides of this question. I certainly believe that God is displeased with America for its pride and arrogance, for killing 40 million unborn babies, for the universality of profanity and for other forms of immorality. However, rather than trying to forge a direct cause-and-effect relationship between the terrorist attacks and America’s abandonment of biblical principles, which I think is wrong, we need to accept the truth that this nation will suffer in many ways for departing from the principles of righteousness. "The wages of sin is death," as it says in Romans 6, both for individuals and for entire cultures. ” – Focus on the Family website “[The homosexual] agenda includes teaching pro-homosexual [sic] concepts in the public schools, redefining the family to represent "any circle of people who love each other," approval of homosexual adoption, legitimizing same-sex marriage, and securing special rights for those who identify themselves as gay. Those ideas must be opposed, even though to do so is to expose oneself to the charge of being "homophobic." – “Complete Marriage and Family Home Reference Guide” by James Dobson "Does the Republican Party want our votes, no strings attached--to court us every two years, and then to say, 'Don't call me; I'll call you'--and to not care about the moral law of the universe?...Is that what they want? Is that the way the system works? Is this the way it's going to be? If it is, I'm gone, and if I go, I will do everything I can to take as many people with me as possible." – Statement from 02/07/98 Council for National Policy meeting, Washington Times, February 17, 1998 Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	FRCAction 801 G Street NW Washington, DC 20001 www.frcaction.org Established: 1992 Finances: 501(c)(4) lobbying organization President: Kenneth Connor Executive Director: Richard Lessner, Ph.D. Formerly known as:American Renewal FRCAction's Principal Issues: "A renewal of ethical monotheism and traditional Judeo-Christian standards of morality-- the "Laws of Nature and Nature’s God"-- to which the founding fathers appealed in the Declaration of Independence.” (From FRCAction’s mission statement.) Pledges to fight until Roe v. Wade is repealed or reversed. Judiciary— FRCAction fights for conservative “strict constructionist” appointments. Rejects laws that give civil rights/civil liberties protections to gays and lesbians. Fights against laws that protect or recognize same-sex couples as a family. FRCAction's Activities: In 2001 and 2002 the group has been targeting Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle in his home state of South Dakota in newspaper and radio ads. In March 2002, as American Renewal (AR), the group delivered over 5,200 of their “pro-family citizen's petitions” to Arizona Sen. Jon Kyl. AR says that the petitions send the following message, “Millions of Americans who support traditional moral values want to see their elected representatives promote policies that strengthen the family as a special institution created by God.” AR worked against same-sex marriage/civil unions in Vermont. AR continues to be involved in Vermont and pledges to be involved in any other state where same-sex marriage/civil unions are a legislative issue. Op-eds by AR's director appear in major newspapers such as the LA Times. FRCAction's Background: AR sponsored a print media campaign on behalf of John Ashcroft, supporting his confirmation. Full-page ads appeared in USA Today and other major newspapers. Led the fight to reject the Clinton-appointee Joycelyn Elders from the post of U.S. Surgeon General. In 1996 AR successfully pressured the GOP to keep conservative “pro-family” statements and the anti-abortion plank in the Republican Party platform. Executive Director Richard Lessner was the senior campaign advisor for former FRC president Gary Bauer’s failed bid for the Republican presidential nomination in 2000. [Updated February 2004]

	Free Congress Research and Education Foundation 717 Second St., NE Washington, DC 20002 www.freecongress.org President/Founder: Paul Weyrich Date of founding: 1977 Finances: $11.4 million (1997 revenue) Publications: Free Congress Commentaries, three e-mail newsletters, “Notable News Now,” “Coalition for Constitutional Liberties,” and “Coalition for Judicial Restraint, ” as well as reports and op-eds. Media: Paul Weyrich is a cable tv and radio talk show host, as well as an op-ed contributor for The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal. Affiliated with: Free Congress, Coalitions for America FCF’s Principal Issues: Paul Weyrich’s Background: FCF’s Centers: Quotes from Paul Weyrich: Quotes from Free Congress Foundation: FCF’s Principal Issues: Free Congress Research and Education Foundation (FCF) describes its mission as fighting the culture war and returning America back to its traditional conservative roots. “[O]ur main focus is on the Culture War. Will America return to the culture that made it great, our traditional, Judeo-Christian, Western culture? Or will we continue the long slide into the cultural and moral decay of political correctness? If we do, America, once the greatest nation on earth, will become no less than a third world country.” FCF’s targets include multi-culturalism, “judicial activism,” Democratic politicians, and “moral decay and political correctness.” Weyrich’s vision is for cultural conservatives to eventually dominate all aspects of American culture and politics. Since the tragedy of 9/11, FCF has published many anti-Islamic papers and essays, “This hard-hitting new paper dissects and devastates the notion that Islam is a ‘peaceful, tolerant’ religion. It isn't and it never has been. Learn why and how Islam is making war on Christians everywhere- and what the West needs to do in response.” Back to Top Paul Weyrich’s Background: Paul Weyrich, president of Free Congress, has had an extensive history with the Religious Right and is often referred to as the father of the Religious Right. Weyrich helped draft Rev. Jerry Falwell to head the Moral Majority, and founded the Heritage Foundation. After less than a year at the Heritage Foundation, Weyrich went on to establish the Free Congress Foundation (FCF). During the early 1980s, the foundation had a reputation as being a pacesetter for Religious Right politics, in part because of the coalitions that operated under the group's umbrella project, Coalitions for America. These coalitions cooperated to draft legislation, plan media strategies, and exchange ideas and research. Much of FCF’s clout among the religious right centers around Weyrich’s ability to organize. Weyrich holds weekly a “ Weyrich Strategy Lunch,” sponsored by Coalitions for America,. The lunch is held when Congress is in session and has 75 conservative leaders representing their organizations. These weekly lunches include regular briefings by leading Bush administration officials and key conservative congressional leaders. Weyrich is known for his aggressive involvement in grassroots activism. He pioneered America's Voice (formerly known as National Empowerment Television), a cable network designed to rapidly mobilize Religious Right followers for grassroots lobbying. Weyrich is also one of the founders of American Legislative Exchange Council and is the former treasurer (1981-1992) of the highly secretive Council for National Policy. Weyrich is currently on the Executive Committee of the CNP. Weyrich’s awards from other right wing groups include: 1998 American Patriot Award from Concerned Women for America, September 1998; “One Who Makes A Difference Award” from Eagle Forum, September 1998; President's Award from the National Association of Religious Broadcasters, January 1998. Back to Top FCF’s Centers: As an institution, FCF has several areas of focus outlined by their major “centers.” These centers include: The Center for Technology Policy, The Center for Law and Democracy, The Center for Cultural Conservatism, and the Center for Governance. Under FCF’s Center for Law and Democracy, the Judicial Selection Monitoring Project (JMSP) lobbies for the appointment of judicial conservatives to the federal courts. Launched in August 1992, the project seeks to establish an extensive national network that can be ready to organize support for conservative appointees to the courts and opposition to moderate or liberal appointees. JMSP’s former director Thomas Jipping has testified before congress several times on various issue of concern to FCF. The Center for Cultural Conservatism is chiefly concerned with building conservative constitutions and defunding any institutions that don’t conform to a narrow belief system. “The New Traditonalist Project” has a “manifesto” which aggressively outlines a battle plan to build up cultural conservatives and their institutions and asserts that the “[Cultural Conservative] Movement Must Serve as a Force of Social Intimidation…We must be feared, so that they will think twice before opening their mouths.” The Center for Technology Policy concentrates on constitutional liberties, publishes a weekly update for its “Coalition for Constitutional Liberties” which reads like a “who’s who” list of right-wing, conservative groups. The Center for Conservative Governance organizes and offers training for conservatives groups to become more active in the political process-- currently it is working to develop interactive, online training in early 2002. Back to Top Quotes from Paul Weyrich: “The politics of hubris will not work. You may think the Democrats in leadership will end up operating in the best interests of the country. They will not. They will slit your throat.” --“Open Letter to President George W. Bush,” 1/15/02 “The culture has continued to deteriorate. Today, the old rules of conduct are not merely broken, they are scorned. The ideology we know as political correctness -- it is really Marxism translated from economic into cultural terms -- proclaims the old virtues to be vices and the old vices to be virtues…So what is to be done? Continuing with a strategy that has failed is folly and guarantees defeat. Instead of attempting to use politics to retake existing institutions, my proposal is that we cultural conservatives build new institutions for ourselves: schools, universities, media, entertainment, everything -- a complete, separate, parallel structure. In every respect but politics, we should, in effect, build a new nation among the ruins of the old.” --“Separate & Free,” Washington Post, 3/7/99 Back to Top Quotes from Free Congress Foundation: “The [Free Congress] Foundation has proposed a new strategy to deal with America’s cultural disintegration: cultural independence. Instead of trying to retake existing cultural institutions from the forces of Political Correctness, we propose that cultural conservatives should build their own separate, parallel institutions. This is already occuring [sic] in primary and secondary education through the home schooling movement. The Foundation seeks to promote similar efforts in respect to every major cultural insitution [sic] , including higher education, the media, entertainment, and high culture including art, architecture and music. While these would begin as institutions for a cultural minority, their success would over time make traditional Western culture once again the majority American culture.” --“A Short History of Cultural Conservatism,” by William Lind, Director of The Center for Cultural Conservatism. “The purpose of the ideology known commonly as "multiculturalism" is to destroy America. In the 21st-century world of fourth-generation warfare, it is likely to succeed. To understand why we first must understand both phenomena… While many average Americans recognize American Muslims as a dangerous fifth column, the multiculturalist elite demands a ‘tolerance of diversity’ that Islam itself does not know. A Republican administration invites mullahs to the White House to celebrate Islamic holidays. That multiculturalism preaches the suicide of the West is no surprise to those who know its historic origins.” --“Multiculturalism Reigns Over the West,” by William Lind, Insight Magazine, 12/31/01 [Updated September 2002] Back to Top

	FreedomWorks FreedomWorks was formed with the 2004 merger of Citizens for a Sound Economy, headed by former House Majority Leader Dick Armey, and Empower America, co-founded by supply-side pioneer Jack Kemp, to push for lower taxes – especially on investment and inheritance – smaller safety-net programs, and fewer regulations on business and industry. FreedomWorks 1775 Pennsylvania Avenue NW - 11th Floor Washington, DC 20006-5805 Website: www.freedomworks.org Chairman: Dick Armey President: Matt Kibbe Formed: 2004, with the merger of Citizens for a Sound Economy (founded 1984) and Empower America (founded 1993) Board of Directors: Dick Armey; Matt Kibbe; James H. Burnley; Thomas Knudson; Richard J. Stephenson; Bill Jaeger; Ted Abram (American Institute for Full Employment); and Frank M. Sands, Sr. Finances: $5,772,520 ($3,082,191, 2004 revenue for FreedomWorks, Inc., a 501(c)4, and $2,690,329, 2004 revenue for FreedomWorks Foundation, a 501(c)3. In addition, FreedomWorks PAC spent just $1,862 on 2006 candidates by September 30. Publications: Congressional scorecard, candidate survey, FreedomTalks (blog), various reports and opinion columns Affiliate Groups: FreedomWorks Foundation, FreedomWorks PAC Purpose Activities History Quotes Purpose FreedomWorks avows that its mission is to advocate for “lower taxes, less government and more economic freedom for all Americans,” by “combin[ing] the stature and experience of America’s greatest policy entrepreneurs with the grassroots power of hundreds of thousands of volunteer activists.” Its “freedom agenda” is headed by privatizing Social Security, implementing a flat tax and abolishing the estate tax, limiting tort liability, and expanding school vouchers. Other issues FreedomWorks is involved in include judicial nominations (it favors eliminating the filibuster), industrial and environmental regulation, immigration, and welfare. Back to Top Activities FreedomWorks claims full-time staff in ten states and “over 800,000 grassroots volunteers nationwide.” The group puts together a variety of campaigns both nationally and in individual states. In 2003, FreedomWorks’ predecessor organization Citizens for a Sound Economy orchestrated a major campaign to fight a tax increase in Alabama, proposed by the state’s Republican governor, who cited a Christian duty to aid the poor. “The 7,000 members of Alabama CSE made defeating Gov. Bob Riley’s tax increase their top priority,” Armey wrote after the referendum failed. “In a 100 day campaign CSE members and staff crisscrossed the state, distributed literature, yard signs, bumper stickers and flooded talk radio and local papers with our voice for lower taxes, less government and more freedom.” Shortly after the 2004 elections, abortion opponents lobbied against incoming Senate Judiciary Chairman Arlen Specter (R-Pennsylvania), who is pro-choice. Although not involved in the abortion issue, FreedomWorks, then co-chaired by former White House counsel C. Boyden Gray (who formed the Committee for Justice to push Bush’s judicial nominees) joined the effort with a web site NotArlen.com, calling for a chairman who “will enthusiastically back the president’s judicial nominees and domestic economic agenda.” The group heavily lobbied for carving “personal retirement accounts” out of Social Security. A few months before the merger of their two groups to form FreedomWorks, Dick Armey and Jack Kemp formed a separate 501(c)4 group, the Alliance for Retirement Prosperity, to advocate privatization. During President Bush’s national tour in early 2005 promoting his Social Security reform plan, FreedomWorks bused in members to town hall meetings, and its activists – such as Sandra Jacques, FreedomWorks’ Iowa state director – even appeared on stage with the president as “regular folks.” Although Bush’s legislative effort appears to have collapsed, FreedomWorks continues its campaign, pressing potential 2008 presidential candidates to take a position on the issue. Back to Top History In 2004, Citizens for a Sound Economy (CSE) and Empower America merged to form FreedomWorks. CSE was founded by prominent right-wing funder David Koch in 1984. In the 1990s the group “won plaudits from both the business community and GOP leaders” for its role in mobilizing grassroots opposition against Clinton administration proposals on an energy tax and health care, according to National Journal, which noted that “Even some business lobbyists acknowledged that CSE has at times served as a fig leaf for corporate lobbying efforts.” CSE spent $1 million on a 1993 campaign against the proposed energy tax, including advertising and bringing grassroots pressure on Congress; most of the money came from corporations and trade groups such as the American Petroleum Institute and the National Association of Manufacturers. CSE spent $5 million against Clinton’s health care proposal, dogging the White House’s nationwide bus tour with its own bus and rallies. For a 1997 campaign, CSE spent hundreds of thousands of dollars per week running radio ads in 20 markets against proposed new EPA air standards. An internal CSE document obtained by The Washington Post in 2000 outlined the close correlation between corporate donations and issue advocacy. Empower America was founded in 1993, after Bill Clinton’s election to the presidency, as a kind of “shadow government” of policy advocacy, in the words of co-founder Jack Kemp, a former congressman and Housing secretary and future vice-presidential candidate. Gathering Kemp, Bush “drug czar” William Bennett, former UN Ambassador Jeane Kirkpatrick, and former Minnesota congressman Vin Weber, The Wall Street Journal said the group “illustrates how such tax-exempt nonprofits have become safe harbors for elite figures in the conservative movement.” Leading up to Kemp’s 1996 bid, the group provided a “base” for him “to make $1 million to $2 million a year” giving speeches, and it played a key role in the Dole-Kemp campaign. Its early activities included operating “candidate schools” for Republicans in the 1994 elections, running attack ads against Clinton’s health plan, and opposing from the right an early Republican plan for welfare reform. Back to Top Quotes President George W. Bush: “Folks, you’ve got to get to know this organization ... They have been doing a great job all over the country educating people.” FreedomWorks Chairman Dick Armey on the Religious Right: “Where in the hell did this Terri Schiavo thing come from? There’s not a conservative, Constitution-loving, separation-of-powers guy alive in the world that could have wanted that bill on the floor. … Dobson and his gang of thugs are real nasty bullies. I pray devoutly every day, but being a Christian is no excuse for being stupid.” FreedomWorks honorary co-chair Jack Kemp on the “golden opportunity“ to implement a right-wing economic “blueprint” after Katrina: “[T]he capital gains tax is not a tax on the rich, it’s a tax on the poor who want to get rich.” Updated: December 2006 Back to Top

	Heritage Foundation The best-known and most influential right-wing think tank, the Heritage Foundation owes much of its success to savvy marketing and PR and the generous donations of right-wing benefactors, foundations and wealthy corporations. The foundation boasts about its influence on Capitol Hill yet insists that it does not “lobby.” Heritage Foundation 214 Massachusetts Avenue NE Washington, DC 20002 Website: www.heritage.org President/Executive Director: Dr. Edwin Feulner Established: In 1973 by Joseph Coors (of Coors Beer) and Paul Weyrich. Finances: $52,292,374 revenue (2004); $123 million in assets (2004) (2004 990) Officers: Edwin J. Feulner, Jr., President; Phillip N. Truluck, Executive Vice President; Stuart M. Butler, Vice President; Becky Norton Dunlop, Vice President; Michael G. Franc, Vice President; Rebecca Hagelin, Vice President; Kim R. Holmes, Vice President; John Von Kannon, Vice President & Treasurer; Edwin Meese III, Ronald Reagan Distinguished Fellow in Public Policy; Robert E. Russell, Jr., Counselor and others. Board of Trustees: David R. Brown, M.D., Chairman; Richard M. Scaife, Vice Chairman; J. Frederic Rench; Douglas F. Allison; Holland H. Coors; Midge Decter; Edwin J. Feulner, Jr.; Jerry Hume; Kay Cole James; Hon. J. William Middendorf, II; Barb Van Andel-Gaby; and others. Employees: 173 excluding fellows Membership: 275,000 Publications: annual report, monthly newsletter “Insider,” publishes numerous detailed public policy papers for Congress, average of 10 or more a month. Principal Issues Recent Activities Funding Former Heritage Foundation employees who have served in the Bush Administration Other Employees and Board Members of Note History and Background Quotes about the Heritage Foundation Principal Issues Heritage Foundation’s mission is “to formulate and promote conservative public policies based on the principles of free enterprise, limited government, individual freedom, traditional American values, and a strong national defense.” Heritage is the largest conservative think tank in Washington, DC. It researches, publishes, lectures on, and markets right-wing public policy. It organizes right-wing activists on domestic and foreign policy issues. Heritage’s publications are distributed to many thousands of people, including Members of Congress, congressional aides and staff, journalists, and major donors. It takes credit for much of President Bush’s policy, both domestic and foreign, referring to Bush’s policies as “straight out of the Heritage play book.” Heritage supports faith-based initiatives, school vouchers, ban on abortion, overturning affirmative action programs. Back to Top Recent Activities The Heritage Foundation (HF) suggested that Bush open up an “Office of Marriage Initiatives” to promote marriage, but instead Bush folded HF’s “pro-marriage” proposals into his welfare reform package, setting aside $300 million dollars for states and local communities to “promote marriage.” Heritage’s new office space, renovated in 2002, includes intern and fellow apartments, a 200-seat auditorium, a private fitness center, and two floors dedicated to expanding the research department. Published “Priorities for the President,” written for President Bush. Heritage also wrote “A Budget for America,” a companion volume written for the Bush administration. Internet activities: in 2001, Heritage reported 4.8 million visitors to their homepage, and 14.4 million visitors to their conservative Internet portal, Townhall.com. Back to Top Funding According to Media Transparency, the Heritage Foundation received $61,944,537 in foundation grants from organizations such as: the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, the Scaife Foundations, the John M. Olin Foundation, Inc., Castle Rock Foundation, JM Foundation, Claude R. Lambe Charitable Foundation, the Richard and Helen DeVos Foundation, and the Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation. Heritage has received donations from the East Asian nations of South Korea and Taiwan; SourceWatch reports that in 1988 Korean intelligence discovered that Heritage received $2.2 million from the South Korean National Assembly during the 1980’s. Although Heritage denies this claim, they do admit to receiving a $400,000 grant from the Korean conglomerate Samsung. The Korea Foundation, a conduit of the Korean government, has also donated almost $1 million to Heritage in the past three years. Back to Top Former Heritage Foundation employees who have served in the Bush Administration Elaine Chao: Department of Labor Secretary; formerly a Heritage Distinguished Fellow Kay Coles James: Director of the Office of Personnel Management; formerly Heritage’s Citizenship Project director Angela Antonelli: Chief Financial Officer of the Department of Housing and Urban Development; formerly Heritage’s director for Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies Mark Wilson: Deputy Assistant Secretary of Labor; formerly Heritage Foundation’s Research Fellow Alvin Felzenberg: a member of Rumsfeld’s “team” at the Department of Defense; formerly Heritage Foundation’s Visiting Fellow Gale Norton: Secretary of the Interior; Founder of the National Chair of the Council of Republicans for Environmental Advocacy (heavily funded by Heritage Foundation). Back to Top Other Employees and Board Members of Note Famous Heritage staffers include: Ed Meese (President Ronald Reagan’s Attorney General), William Bennett (Reagan’s Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities and Secretary of Education, and President Bush Sr.’s “drug czar”). Virginia Thomas (wife of Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas) Heritage President Edward J. Feulner was a consultant for the Reagan administration, serving as chairman of the Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy. High profile right wing Heritage board members have included: Richard Scaife, Joseph Coors, Holland “Holly” Coors, Steve Forbes, Jay Van Andel (co-founder and senior chairman for Amway Corporation), and Barb Van Andel-Gaby (the vice president of corporate affairs for Amway Corporation), among others. Back to Top History and Background Prominent right-wing figure Paul Weyrich was Heritage’s first president. Heritage’s start was financially supported by co-founder Joseph Coors, of Colorado’s Coors Brewing Company. Right-wing financier Richard Scaife became a major funder of the Heritage Foundation after its first year, donating millions of dollars through the Sarah Scaife Foundation. Corporate sponsors of the organization have included: General Motors, Ford Motors, Proctor and Gamble, Chase Manhattan Bank, Dow Chemical, the Reader’s Digest Association, Mobil Oil, and Smith Kline Corporation. In 1980, Heritage published a 1,077-page book called Mandate for Leadership, which contained 2000 policy recommendations. It was presented to Attorney General Ed Meese a week after Reagan’s election. Meese was quoted as saying that “the Reagan Administration will rely heavily on the Heritage Foundation.” These recommendations included: rollback of minority programs, dramatic increase in military spending, and cutting taxes. In 1985 Heritage claimed that the Reagan administration’s policy reflected 60 to 65 percent of their policy measures. Heritage publishes a new edition every four years for subsequent administrations. Back to Top Quotes about the Heritage Foundation The Wall Street Journal says, “No policy shop has more clout than the conservative Heritage Foundation.” “Keep up the wonderful work of truth which emanates from Heritage.” – John Ashcroft in praise of Heritage “Some of the finest conservatives in America today do their work in The Heritage Foundation. For those of you new to all this, The Heritage Foundation is America’s leading conservative think tank.” – Rush Limbaugh, November 10, 2000. Read The Democratic Policy Committee Annual Report says, “It is hard to overstate the impact The Heritage Foundation has had on the direction of U.S. policy since the late 1970’s.” Read. “The Heritage Foundation will continue to be a key element in the phalanx of rightist groups with an agenda of austerity for the poor, hostility to minorities and women, upward distribution of wealth for the rich, economic domination of the Third World, with repression and bloodletting for those who rebel.” – Russ Bellant, The Coors Connection, 1991 Updated: December 2006 Back to Top

	High Impact Leadership Coalition Bishop Harry Jackson, a fervent opponent of gay rights and an equally fervent supporter of President George W. Bush, founded the High Impact Leadership Coalition to promote his “Black Contract With America on Moral Values,” a six-point platform calling for a prohibition of same-sex marriage, school vouchers, and private Social Security investment accounts, among other things. During the 2004 election, Jackson played a prominent media role in efforts to encourage African-Americans to vote for President George W. Bush. High Impact Leadership Coalition PO Box 505 College Park, MD 20741-0505 Website: www.himpactus.com Chairman/President: Bishop Harry R. Jackson, Jr. Founded/Place: February 1, 2005 in Los Angeles, CA Publications: “Battle Scars? Wear ‘Em like a Badge!” pamphlet; “Black Contract with America on Moral Values” pamphlet, book, and CD; The In-laws, Outlaws and a Functional Family, a book by Bishop Harry Jackson; Surviving and Thriving in the Midst of Crisis by Pastor Michele; The Warriors Heart, a guide through daily life as a Christian by Bishop Jackson. Co-author with George Barna of “High Impact African American Churches” (Regal Books, 2004). Purpose The stated goal of the High Impact Leadership Coalition (HILC) is – according to its website – to “help educate and empower church, community, and political leaders in urban communities in the United States focus on moral value issues.” Issues The High Impact Leadership Coalition (HILC) is particularly opposed to marriage equality for same-sex couples, and promotes a biblical interpretation of marriage. “The Black Contract with America on Moral Values” – composed by Bishop Harry Jackson – lists the following policies as necessary for politicians and political parties to promote in order to “improve the plight of black America”: Family Reconstruction; protection of marriage, end abortion, black child adoption by “stable Christian families” Wealth Creation; transformation of minority communities to encourage indigenous business, “prison after-care,” Social Security reform, job manufacturing to lower unemployment Education Reform; school choice that doesn’t destabilize existing public schools, increase black education participation, lessen drop-out rates, encourage No Child Left Behind structure Prison Reform; improve “3 strikes you’re out” system, avoid recidivism with legislation like the Second Chance Act Health Care; affordable health care for blacks, long-term health education African Relief; direct funds to build infrastructure and stop the genocide in Sudan, stop U.S. companies from exploiting the Khartoum people by negotiating with it’s government for fossil fuels. Activities The mission of the High Impact Leadership Coalition (HILC) is to have, as it indicates on its website, people sign the “Black Contract with America on Moral Values” which is explained in the “Issues” section of this profile. HILC first and foremost focuses its energy on a strictly heterosexual definition of marriage. Members of the High Impact Leadership Coalition joined Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist (R-Tennessee) in a May 19, 2005, press conference in support of the stalled judicial nomination of Judge Janice Rogers Brown. In August 2005, Bishop Harry Jackson spoke at the "Justice Sunday II: God Save the United States and This Honorable Court.” event sponsored by Focus on the Family and Family Research Council. Apart from the L.A. Conference in February of 2005, other national Contract with Black America conferences will be/have been held in Miami, New York, Chicago, Atlanta, Houston, and Washington, DC. History At a conference on February 1, 2005, a large group of black pastors met at the Crenshaw Christian Center in Los Angeles, where the Bishop Harry R. Jackson III unveiled the “Black Contract with America on Moral Values.” The pastors were accompanied by, and the event was co-sponsored by, the Rev. Louis P. Sheldon of the Traditional Values Coalition – a “Christian right network of churches with close ties to the White House, RNC chair Ken Mehlman, and other senior Bush administration officials.” The number one priority of the black pastors at the conference was to endorse a heterosexual, biblical interpretation of marriage on behalf of the black community. Many critics claim that this group was formed and inspired by the GOP in an attempt to reach out to minorities on issues of homosexuality. Jasmyne Cannick, director of public relations at the Black AIDS Institute, says “When a group of black pastors decides that the number one priority for black Americans is the protection of heterosexual marriage, they're doing the GOP's dirty work.” Quotes “I have been praying, preaching and talking about these issues locally for many years…our nation is in a moral crisis and the Church must lead the way to healing our nation. It is time for both righteousness and justice to reign in America and strong biblical principles must lead the way," – Bishop Jackson, senior pastor of the nearly 3,000 member Hope Christian Church just outside Washington, DC. “I believe that what God is doing today is calling for the black church to team with the white evangelical church and the Catholic Church and people of moral conscience. And in this season, we need to be able to tell both [political] parties, 'listen, it's our way or the highway.' We're not just going to sit back. You and I can bring the rule and reign of the Cross to America and we can change America on our watch, together.” –Bishop Jackson, speaking at the Family Research Council’s “Justice Sunday II” event. Updated: April 2006

	Hispanic Alliance for Progress Institute The Hispanic Alliance for Progress Institute (HAPI) claims to be a grassroots organization but its Board of Advisors and Policy Board are made up of high-level Republican political operatives with deep ties to various Republican administrations. As part of the “National Coalition To End Judicial Filibusters,” HAPI – in conjunction with the Committee for Justice, Grover Norquist’s Americans for Tax Reform, James Dobson’s Focus on the Family, the Family Research Council, and others – supported the use of the so-called “nuclear option” to eliminate Senator's ability to filibuster against President George W. Bush’s right-wing judicial nominees. Hispanic Alliance for Progress Institute 1101 Pennsylvania Avenue - Suite 700 Washington, DC 20004 Website: www.haprogressinstitute.org Chairman: The Honorable Manuel Lujan, Jr. [Former GOP U.S. Representative, New Mexico, and Secretary of the Interior under the Bush I Administration; Founder, Excellence in Education Scholarship Foundation, New Mexico] Board of Advisors: Mr. Adrian Arriaga, Texas; Mr. Andres Bande, New York; Mr. Elias Behar-Ybarra, Florida; Mr. Cesar A. Cabrera, Puerto Rico; Mr. Jose Canchola, Arizona; Mr. Lupe Cruz, California; Mr. Ted Cruz, Texas; Mrs. Patricia Diaz-Dennis, Texas; Mr. Robert A. Estrada, Texas; Hon. Lou Gallegos, New Mexico; Hon. Raul A. Gonzalez, Texas; Mr. Abel Guerra, Florida; Hon. Jimmy Gurule, Indiana; Ms. Margaret Martin, Texas; Mr. Jacob Monty, Texas; Mr. Jose Nino, Maryland; Mrs. Rita Nunez, New Mexico; Hon. Bob Pacheco, California; Mr. Raul Romero, DC; Mr. Louis Sanchez, Florida; and Dr. Josh Valdez, California. Policy Board: Mr. Juan Carlos Benitez, DC; Mr. Rudy Beserra, Georgia; Mr. Troup Coronado, DC; Mrs. Ann Costello, DC; Mr. Henry Gandy, DC; Mr. Mike Hernandez, Texas; Mr. Juan Carlos Iturregui, DC; Mr. Joseph Samora, DC; Mr. Scott Styles, Virginia; and Mrs. Bobbie Kilberg, Virginia. 2005 Corporate Members: Altria Corporate Services, Inc., American International Group (AIG), Bellsouth Corporation, Ford Motor Company, IBC Bank, National Association of Realtors, and R.J. Reynolds. Purpose Activities Purpose The Hispanic Alliance for Progress Institute (HAPI) claims to be a grassroots organization but its Board of Advisors and Policy Board are made up of high-level Republican political operatives with deep ties to Republican administrations (Reagan, Bush I and Bush II). HAPI’s boards are composed almost entirely of Republican players, including lobbyists, donors, and political appointees. Lujan and his former boss, President George H.W. Bush, launched the organization at a 2004 gala in New York City. Back to Top Activities Supports the nomination of Priscilla Owen to the Supreme Court of the United States. As part of the “National Coalition To End Judicial Filibusters,” HAPI – in conjunction with other conservative organizations such as the Committee for Justice, Grover Norquist’s Americans for Tax Reform, the Free Congress Foundation, Focus on the Family, the Family Research Council, and the Liberty Legal Institute – supported the use of the so-called “nuclear option” to eliminate the ability to filibuster judicial nominees. Supports CAFTA, claiming it would lower tariffs and promote job growth, allowing more growth in the textile industry, “a huge helping hand at a time when China is sucking up textile manufacturing jobs.” HAPI launched a fundraising and phone-calling campaign to promote legislation that would pass CAFTA in Congress. Corporate Member, CoMPASS – Coalition for the Modernization and Protection of America’s Social Security – an organization formed to promote Social Security reforms proposed by President George W. Bush such as personal retirement accounts. The Hispanic Alliance for Progress Institute has awarded its “American Dream” award to U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales, Secretary of Commerce Carlos Gutierrez, U.S. Rep. Joe Barton (R-Texas), White House Chief of Staff Andrew Card, and Sen. Pete Domenici (R-New Mexico) for their efforts on behalf of Hispanic Americans. Updated: July 2006 Back to Top

	Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace mailing address: Hoover Institution Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-6010 www-hoover.stanford.edu Established:1919 by Herbert Hoover Director: John Raisian Finances: $25 million annual budget, $250 million endowment Employees: approximately 250 Media: Uncommon Knowledge, a weekly half-hour television program on public policy carried on NPR and PBS. Publications: Policy Review (bimonthly), Hoover Digest (quarterly), Education Next (quarterly), Hoover Institution newsletter (weekly), as well as the Hoover Press, which publishes works by many of Hoover Institution’s fellows. About Hoover: Hoover’s Activities: Hoover's Scholars and the White House: Bush (former and present), Reagan, Nixon, and Ford Hoover Scholars: Right-Wing Leaders, Academics and Writers: Quotes About Hoover: About Hoover: Hoover is well-known for its prominent influence over national Republican policy. Named for founder Herbert Hoover, the Hoover Institution is “a prominent center devoted to interdisciplinary scholarship and advanced research in the social sciences with an emphasis on public policy relevance. The Institution houses one of the world's largest private archives and libraries on political, economic, and social change in the 20th century and has more that 100 researchers consisting of both resident fellows and visiting scholars from throughout the world.” Three Primary Programmatic Themes: American Institutions and Economic Performance, Democracy Free Markets, and International Rivalries and Global Cooperation Hoover’s approach to some of these areas is described as: “Societies based on individualism rather than classes, thus confronting the issues of race, gender, ethnicity, and so forth;” and “The appropriate scope of government's involvement in areas such as education, health care, and the environment as it provides public services and regulates private enterprise.” Some of Hoover’s major issues: education reform that centers around private school vouchers and charter schools, dismantling affirmative action, privatization of social services, “flat tax” and other tax reduction schemes, deregulation of industry, Reagan’s policy legacy, and “character education.” Back to Top Hoover’s Activities: Hoover is well-known for its influential role in developing President Bush’s economic policy, the Hoover Institution is “the…conservative think tank President Bush looks to for ideas.” Forging strong ties between right-wing ideologues, right-wing think tanks and right-wing policy makers; many of its scholars have worked for various Republican Presidential Administrations-- Nixon, Ford, Reagan, George H.W. Bush, and the current President W. Bush. Currently there are 8 Hoover fellows on the Defense policy board advising Defense Secretary Rumsfeld. California Gubernatorial candidate Arnold Schwartzenegger hired several Hoover Institution members as consultants for his 2003 election campaign. Hoover publishes and funds research and public policy by its own scholars and fellows. Back to Top Hoover's Scholars and the White House: Bush (former and present), Reagan, Nixon, and Ford Organized by Presidential Administration Affiliation President George W. Bush’s Administration: Condoleezza Rice, Assistant to President George W. Bush for National Security Affairs, served as a Hoover senior fellow 1991- 1993, corporate board member for Chevron, the Hewlett Foundation, and Charles Schwab. John F. Cogan, economic advisor to President George W. Bush, appointed by President Bush to serve on a bipartisan commission on Social Security reform in 2001. Williamson M. Evers, education policy advisor to George W. Bush, appointed to White House Commission on Presidential Scholars, appointed by Secretary of Education Paige to National Educational Research Policy and Priorities Board, research fellow at Independent Institute; formerly served on California State Commission for the Establishment of Academic Content and Performance Standards, editor-in-chief of Cato Institute’s Inquiry Magazine. Kiron K. Skinner, member of Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld's Defense Policy Board. President George H.W. Bush’s Administration: Peter M. Robinson, edits Hoover Digest and hosts Hoover's television program, “Uncommon Knowledge.” Former Vice President George Bush’s chief speechwriter, special assistant and speechwriter to President Ronald Reagan, worked for Rupurt Murdoch (owner of Fox Television); Robinson authored the “tear down this wall!” Berlin Wall address by President Reagan. John B. Taylor, undersecretary for international affairs at the U.S. Department of the Treasury under President G.W. Bush. Bill Whalen, published in Washington Times, National Review Online, Insight Magazine (Washington Times publication), and RightTurns.com. Former speechwriter for the 1992 Bush-Quayle election campaign. Diane Ravitch, former assistant secretary for educational research and improvement and as a counselor to the U.S. Department of Education under President George H.W. Bush, www.dianeravitch.com, member of the board for the New America Foundation. President Reagan’s Administration: Ronald Reagan is a Hoover Institution Honorary Fellow. Robert Bork, Reagan judicial nominee to Supreme Court. John H. Bunzel, former commissioner of the U.S. Civil Rights Commission during the Reagan Administration, author of “Anti-Politics in America; New Force on the Left.” Milton Friedman, senior research fellow since 1977, recipient of the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize, member of President Ronald Reagan's Economic Policy Advisory Board, “informal” economic advisor for several presidential campaigns: Barry Goldwater, Richard Nixon, and Ronald Reagan. Robert E. Hall, advised several government agencies on national economic policy, Justice Department, the Treasury Department, and the Federal Reserve Board during Reagan Administration. Hall co-authored an early Wall Street Journal article on “The Flat Tax” in 1981. Ed Meese, former attorney general of the United States under President Reagan, distinguished fellow at the Heritage Foundation. Paul Craig Roberts, syndicated columnist, former Fellow at the Cato Institute, former editor and columnist for the Wall Street Journal, served as Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy under President Reagan. Peter M. Robinson, edits Hoover Digest and hosts Hoover's television program, “Uncommon Knowledge.” Former Vice President George Bush’s chief speechwriter, special assistant and speechwriter to President Ronald Reagan, worked for Rupurt Murdoch (owner of Fox Television); Robinson authored the “Tear down this wall!” Berlin Wall address by President Reagan. George P. Schultz, Secretary of State under President Reagan, chairman of President Ronald Reagan's Economic Policy Advisory Board, worked for President Nixon as Secretary of Labor. President Nixon’s Administration: Richard T. Burress, joined Hoover in 1973. Formerly: assistant to President Ford, deputy counsel to President Richard Nixon, member of the Reagan for President Committee, staff director of the Republican Policy Committee, minority counsel of the House of Representatives Committee on Education and Labor, deputy assistant general counsel of the National Labor Relations Board, and special agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, assistant to the chairman of the Republican National Convention, assistant to the permanent chairman of the Republican National Convention. Milton Friedman, senior research fellow since 1977, recipient of the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize, member of President Ronald Reagan's Economic Policy Advisory Board, “informal” economic advisor for several presidential campaigns: Barry Goldwater, Richard Nixon, and Ronald Reagan. George P. Schultz, Secretary of State under President Reagan, chairman of President Ronald Reagan's Economic Policy Advisory Board, worked for President Nixon as Secretary of Labor. President Ford’s Administration: Richard T. Burress, joined Hoover in 1973. Formerly: assistant to President Ford, deputy counsel to President Richard Nixon, member of the Reagan for President Committee, staff director of the Republican Policy Committee, minority counsel of the House of Representatives Committee on Education and Labor, deputy assistant general counsel of the National Labor Relations Board, and special agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, assistant to the chairman of the Republican National Convention, assistant to the permanent chairman of the Republican National Convention. Back to Top Hoover Scholars: Right-Wing Leaders, Academics and Writers: Newt Gingrich, former Speaker of the House and “de facto leader of the Republican Party” in the mid-nineties, elected to U.S. House of Representatives in 1978. Pete Wilson, former governor of California (1991-1999), former Senator, former mayor of San Diego, and former California Assemblyman. Clint Bolick, co-founder of Institute for Justice Peter Berkowitz, published in National Review Michael J. Boskin, member of corporate board of directors for: Exxon Mobil, Oracle Corporation Timothy Charles Brown, published in Wall Street Journal, Washington Times Weekly Bruce Bueno De Mesquita, received grants from Scaife Foundation and Carthage Foundation Dinesh D’Souza, senior domestic policy analyst during the Reagan administration, prominent right-wing writer and speaker. Mary Eberstadt, published in Weekly Standard, American Spectator, Wall Street Journal, and former special assistant to Ambassador Jeane J. Kirkpatrick. Author of controversial “’Pedophilia Chic’ Reconsidered” published in Weekly Standard 01/2001. Chester E. Finn, Jr., president and trustee of the Thomas B. Fordham Foundation, National Association of Scholars boardmember, Center of the American Experiment boardmember; former senior fellow at Hudson Institute, founding partner of Edison Project, assistant secretary for research and improvement and counselor to the secretary of the U.S. Department of Education. Published in: Weekly Standard, the Christian Science Monitor, the Wall Street Journal, Commentary, the Public Interest, the Washington Post, the Chronicle of Higher Education, Harvard Business Review, the American Spectator, the Boston Globe, and the New York Times. Co-author of “The Educated Child” with Reagan education secretary William J. Bennett. R. Richard Geddes, former Heritage Foundation fellow, published by Cato Institute, American Enterprise Institute. Marci Kanstoroom, research director at the Thomas B. Fordham Foundation. Stanley Kurtz, contributing editor at National Review Online, published in Weekly Standard, Wall Street Journal. Tod Lindberg, published in Weekly Standard, Washington Times columnist, Wall Street Journal. Jennifer Roback Morse, founding member of the Academic Advisory Boards of the Acton Institute for the Study of Religion and Liberty, the Institute for Justice, and the Women's Freedom Network. Published in American Enterprise, Fortune, Reason, the Wall Street Journal, and Religion and Liberty. Paul Craig Roberts, syndicated columnist, former Fellow at the Cato Institute, former editor and columnist for the Wall Street Journal, served as Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy under President Reagan. Richard Sousa, senior associate director at Hoover. Thomas Sowell, syndicated columnist published in over 150 newspapers. Shelby Steele, author of controversial books on race relations, member of the National Association of Scholars, published in Wall Street Journal, contributing editor for Harper’s. Charles J. Sykes, senior fellow at the Wisconsin Policy Research Institute. Robert Zelnick, Emmy Award-winning journalist, covered political and congressional affairs for ABC Morning News, World News Tonight Saturday/Sunday, and This Week. Recently published “Winning the Florida Election: How the Bush Team Fought the Battle” (Hoover Press, 2001) and "The Myth of a Stolen Election," (Wall Street Journal, July 17, 2001). Back to Top Quotes About Hoover: Vice President Dick Cheney, Feburary 2003 Hoover Overseers Meeting: "I do think we are off to a good start, and it is important that we have the support and enthusiastic involvement of organizations like the Hoover Institution, one of the leading think tanks and sources of ideas. Donald Rumsfeld, Condoleezza Rice, John Taylor, and many others have been key as we developed our campaign and policy. We want to thank you for what you have done for us and ask you to be a part of the debate during the next few years." Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, February 2003, Hoover Overseers Meeting: “I'm delighted to be able to be here. I just came out of a meeting with the president with Mitch Daniels, who I understand is going to be here soon. And I saw Karl Rove over there, who I guess is going to be one of your panelists or something later today. They're all friends of Hoover and recognize that this institution is surely one of the -- America's great centers of learning.” Back to Top

	Independent Women's Forum The Independent Women’s Forum (IWF) is an anti-feminist organization housing various "experts" who weigh in on a wide array of issues ranging from feminism and family issues to economics, environmental policy, and international affairs. IWF bills itself as the "home to the next wave of the nation’s most influential scholars – women who are committed to promoting and defending economic opportunity and political freedom." Independent Women’s Forum 1726 M Street NW - Tenth Floor Washington, DC 20036 Website: www.iwf.org / www.shethinks.org Established: 1992 President & CEO: Michelle D. Bernard National Advisory Board Chairman: Christina Hoff Sommers Board of Directors: Heather R. Higgins, Chairman; Mary Arnold; Carol T. Crawford; Randy Parris Kendrick; Larry Kudlow; Nancy Mitchell Pfotenhauer; and R. Gaull Silberman Directors Emeritae: Lynne V. Cheney; Midge Decter; Kimberly O. Dennis; Wendy Lee Gramm; Elizabeth Lurie; Kate O’Beirne; and Louise V. Oliver Finances: $1,317,157 (2004) Publications: The Women’s Quarterly, Ex Femina newsletter, Shethinks magazine, Inkwell (blog), and issue reports Affiliate Organization: Independent Women’s Voice Principal Issues Activities Connections to Bush Administration Funding About IWF’s Right-Wing Members and Supporters Quotes Principal Issues The International Women's Forum (IWF) is an anti-feminist women’s organization founded to counter the influence of the National Organization for Women (NOW) and "radical feminists" on society. Frequent targets: Title IX funding, affirmative action, the Violence Against Women Act, full integration of women in the military, and those who oppose President Bush’s controversial judicial nominees. Opposes the United Nation’s Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). IWF’s credo/mission: "The Independent Women's Forum provides a voice for American women who believe in individual freedom and personal responsibility. We have made that voice heard in the U.S. Supreme Court, among decision makers [sic] in Washington, and across America's airwaves. It is the voice of reasonable women with important ideas who embrace common sense over divisive ideology." IWF was organized in defense of Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas during his controversial nomination hearings. In the words of Media Transparency, “The Independent Women’s Forum is neither Independent, nor a Forum. Not independent because it is largely funded by the conservative movement. Not a forum because it merely serves up women who mouth the conservative movement party line." Back to Top Activities To raise awareness about their ideas in the media and through its speakers bureau, made up of their high profile, often controversial members and supporters. "Taking Back the Campus" project which focuses on helping "students inundated with rigid political correctness," offering articles, research and student activist guides, including SheThinks Web-based magazine. IWF frequently makes the case that it is men and boys, not women and girls, who suffer due to gender-based discrimination in American society. Rejects the idea of pay inequities between men and women and that there are "glass ceilings" in the workplace. IWF claims it will be launching a 501(c)(4) sister organization called the Independent Women’s Voice for greater advocacy purposes. Back to Top Connections to Bush Administration Former Board Member Elaine Chao, Secretary of Labor, Bush Administration Former Board Member Linda Chavez, Secretary of Labor nominee, President of Center for Equal Opportunity IWF Director Emeritae Lynne Cheney IWF’s CEO Nancy Pfotenhauer, appointed by Bush to the U.N. Commission on the Status of Women Board Member Pat Ware, Presidential Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS Back to Top Funding From the years 1994-2003, IWF received a total of $6,971,000 in 90 grants from foundations such as the Sarah Scaife Foundation, the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, and the John M. Olin Foundation, among others. From 1994 to 2001, the top five foundation supporters were: Sarah Scaife Foundation, $1.2 million; Olin Foundation, $700,000; Bradley Foundation, $420,000; Carthage Foundation, $300,000; and Castle Rock Foundation, $100,000. Back to Top About IWF’s Right-Wing Members and Supporters Christina Hoff Sommers, IWF’s National Advisory Board Chairman, is currently a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, and the author of two controversial books The War Against Boys: How Misguided Feminism Is Harming Our Young Men and Who Stole Feminism? How Women Have Betrayed Women. Sommers has been published in Wall Street Journal, New York Times, Washington Post, Boston Globe, USA Today, National Review, New Republic, Weekly Standard and the Chicago Tribune. According to SourceWatch, "IWF members include women who are paid to write papers that denigrate the idea of equity for girls and women in education." Who the IWF "Loves" – Ann Coulter, Peggy Noonan, Miss Manners, Nora Vincent, Michelle Malkin, among others. Who the IWF, in their own language, "Hates" – Maureen Dowd, Susan Estrich, Ellen Goodman, and Kathy Pollitt. [source] Back to Top Quotes "In my book, Who Stole Feminism, I question the basic premise of the contemporary American feminist movement: that American women are oppressed. I do not believe that women in contemporary American society are oppressed; they do not constitute a subordinate class. I believe American women are among the freest and most liberated in the world. It is no longer reasonable to say that as a group women are worse off than men." – Christina Hoff Sommers, “Sex, Lies, and Feminism” speech, University of Chicago, January 2003 "Our nation’s Founders would be proud of the work and ideals of the Independent Women’s Forum. This is a group of dedicated and caring women committed to the principles of individual freedom and personal responsibility for everyone…I am optimistic about the opportunities younger generations of women will have because of the path that was cleared by women like those in the Independent Women’s Forum. Together, we can make changes that are in the best interests of all working women." – Secretary Elaine Chao, April 2001 statement "One of the most important of the institutions captured by the Left is the Supreme Court. For the last half century, the Court has been a revolutionary force in American culture and politics, taking the lead in remaking America. For example, in past terms, there have been decisions defining the family, protecting pornography, adopting rules rendering it virtually impossible to prosecute obscenity, refusing states the authority to support all-male military academies, creating special rights for homosexuals, limiting school disciplinary procedures, and banishing religion from public life. And, of course, inventing a right to abortion." – Robert Bork, writing for Ex Feminia newsletter, October 2000 "Without a doubt, the definition of feminism is controversial. What started with the gutsy Susan B. Anthony morphed itself into the The Feminine Mystique and eventually degenerated into a movement of hypocritical, male-bashing libertines." – from SheThinks.org "Women went to college, the old joke went, to get their 'Mrs.' Now they can attend conferences in kinky sex and S&M, or take courses in lesbian and gay studies--and that is not a joke." – Candice deRussy, "Sex and Bondage 101" "[T]o the extent there is any hope at all of arresting America's moral decay, conservative elites must take the lead not only in lamenting the consequences of the sexual revolution, but in actually enforcing a sense of shame. Enforcement, moreover, may mean more than judgmental gossip. It also may mean sanctions ranging from chilly social greetings to total social ostracism and even loss of a job." – Melinda Ledden Sidak, "Not at My Table" Updated: December 2006 Back to Top

	Institute for Justice The Institute for Justice (IJ) sees itself as the Right Wing’s preeminent public interest law firm, committed to “challenging government's control over our lives.” Unlike other such groups on the Right, IJ says it does not engage in “compromise” but rather advances “a tactically and philosophically consistent, long-term strategy” that allows it to “succeed on principle” rather than “fail on politics.” Institute for Justice 901 N. Glebe Road - Suite 900 Arlington, VA 22203 Website: www.ij.org Founded: 1991 by Clint Bolick and Chip Mellor President/General Counsel: William “Chip” Mellor III Board of Directors: David Kennedy (chairman) - President Emeritus, Earhart Foundation; Mark Babunovic - Vice President, Bank of New York; Arthur Dantchik, Partner, Susquehanna Investment Group; Robert A. Levy - Senior Fellow in Constitutional Studies, Cato Institute; Jim Lintott - Principal, Freedom Management Group LLC; Chip Mellor - President and General Counsel, Institute for Justice; Stephen Modzelewski - Managing Member, Maple Engine L.L.C.; Abigail Thernstrom - Commissioner, U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, and Senior Fellow, Manhattan Institute; Gerrit Wormhoudt - Attorney-at-Law, Fleeson, Gooing, Coulson and Kitch. Finances: $7,507,175 (2005 revenue) Publications: Liberty & Law, a bimonthly newsletter, Carry the Torch, a report on IJ, law review articles, also publishes reports on a variety of issues. Affiliate Groups: The Institute for Justice has affiliate offices located in Arizona, Minnesota, and Washington; The IJ also created the Castle Coalition, a “nationwide grassroots property rights activism project” that “teaches home and small business owners how to protect themselves and stand up to the greedy governments and developers who seek to use eminent domain to take private property for their own gain.” Principal Issues Activities History Principal Issues Self-described as “America’s premier libertarian public interest law firm.” IJ provides pro bono legal advice and representation on conservative legal cases. Strong supporter of “school choice” and vouchers. Includes high profile litigation in Cleveland and Milwaukee. Opposes affirmative action policies, refers to them as “racial preferences” and “reverse discrimination”—in an opinion piece for the Wall Street Journal, Clint Bolick criticized President Clinton’s nominee of Lani Guinier, a former lawyer for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, calling her “Clinton’s Quota Queen” because of her idea to draw more racially-conscious districts with the hope of having greater racially-proportionate representation in the legislature and the courts. Supports government-subsidized, faith-based social service programs. IJ has an extensive training program for young lawyers and law students and sponsors an annual Policy Activists Conference on their issues. Back to Top Activities The Institute for Justice's School Choice Research Center provides pro-voucher research. IJ is active in defending private property and opposing what it considers abuse of the government’s power of eminent domain. IJ has an annual Policy Activist Conference on Public Interest Litigation that trains conservative activists to use litigation as an advocacy tool. IJ holds conservative lawyer conferences to train them to identify potential cases and create highly visible lawsuits, as well as other litigation tactics. IJ’s grassroots work is performed by their Human Action Network (HAN), which is made up of lawyers who have attended their conferences. The HAN is a network of hundreds of lawyers that IJ organizes to match with pro bono cases, give legal advice, and work together on their issues. These lawyers also serve to inform IJ on grassroots activities. Back to Top History Clint Bolick, formerly of right-wing Landmark Legal Foundation, and Chip Mellor, former president of right-wing Pacific Research Institute, founded the organization. Bolick has since gone on to become the president of the Alliance for School Choice. Grants and contributions from major right-wing foundations include: Olin Foundation, Bradley Foundation, Sarah Scaife Foundation, Kirby Foundation, Donner Foundation, and the Claude R. Lambe Foundation. Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Intercollegiate Studies Institute The Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI) is helping to identify, educate and promote the next generation of right-wing leaders, primarily through its funding of college newspapers, its speakers programs and its promotion of conservative professors and journalists. Intercollegiate Studies Institute 3901 Centerville Road Wilmington, DE 19807 Websites: www.isi.org and www.isibooks.org President: T. Kenneth Cribb Chairman: Edwin J. Feulner, Jr., president of the Heritage Foundation Vice-President: John F. Lulves, Jr. Board of Trustees: E. Victor Milione (President Emeritus); Jay Bayard Boyle, Jr. (Vice President); Alfred Regnery; Edwin Meese (former Atty. General for President Ronald Reagan); T. William Boxx; James Burnley; Richard Allen; Holland Coors (of Coors Brewing Company); M. Stanton Evans; Robert Miller; Marion Wells; George Carey; Arthur Rasmussen; Thomas Pauken; William Campbell; Merrill Moyer; and Edwin J. Feulner, Jr. [Board of Trustees] Date Established: 1953 Finances: $10,669,218 (2004) Publications: Campus America Student Newspaper, education pamphlets; Modern Age, quarterly review; The Intercollegiate Review, scholarship and opinion; Modern Age journal; The Political Science Reviewer; Continuity, semi-annual journal, Intercollegiate Review and its own publishing company, ISI Books. Affiliated Groups: The Collegiate Network, Young America’s Foundation and the Fund for American Studies. Principle Issues Activities Funding Quotes about the Intercollegiate Studies Institute Principle Issues The declared mission of the Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI) is to combat the supposed left-wing indoctrination on college campuses by organizing lectures, conferences, publications, and fellowships for students and faculty, “ISI seeks to enhance the rising generation's knowledge of our nation's founding principles — limited government, individual liberty, personal responsibility, the rule of law, market economy, and moral norms.” Back to Top Activities Sponsors the Collegiate Network, which supports over seventy different right-wing publications on college and university campuses. Publications include the Harvard Salient, Princeton Tory, Stanford Review, Yale Free Press, Duke Review, theRed and Blue at the University of Pennsylvania and the Virginia Advocate at the University of Virginia. ISI sponsors its own fellowship programs for graduate students whose work fits within its agenda. ISI hosts regional conferences for college students all over the United States. Promotes the hiring of conservative educators and journalists. ISI event speakers have included President Ronald Reagan, President George W. Bush (videotaped message), ISI alumnus Antonin Scalia, Senate Majority Whip Mitch McConnell, Doug Bandow, Dinesh D’Souza, Jeane Kirkpatrick, William F. Buckley and Marvin Olasky. ISI Books publishes the work of: Doug Bandow, Michael Barone, William Bennett, L. Brent Bozell, William F. Buckley and more than eighty right-wing authors. Back to Top Funding Right-wing donors include: Sarah Scaife Foundation; Allegheny Foundation; The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation; Earhart Foundation; JM Foundation; John M. Olin Foundation; Philip M. McKenna Foundation; Claude R. Lambe Charitable Foundation; Castle Rock Foundation; and the Carthage Foundation. Back to Top Quotes about the Intercollegiate Studies Institute “By the time the Reagan Revolution marched into Washington, I had the troops I needed---thanks in no small measure to the work with American youth ISI has been doing since 1953. I am proud to count many ISI products among the workhorses of my two terms as President.” – Ronald Reagan “It’s my pleasure…to support ISI, which is an organization that I was affiliated with long before I was who I am in Washington. I was a professor…when I first began to take part in the ISI program of trying to stimulate the intellectual debate in the nation’s capital.” – Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia “Were it not for the ISI chapter during my undergraduate days, I would not have gained the philosophical underpinnings that are necessary for one to develop political knowledge and understanding.” – Edwin J. Feulner Jr., president of The Heritage Foundation and former chairman of ISI’s Board of Trustees. Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Judeo-Christian Council for Constitutional Restoration An offshoot of Rick Scarborough’s Vision America, the primary purpose of the Judeo-Christian Council for Constitutional Restoration (JCCCR) appears to be leveling allegations of anti-Christian bigotry against any member of the federal judiciary who issues rulings that do not advance to the right-wing agenda. The organization first came to prominence in 2005 when it held a conference entitled “Confronting the Judicial War on Faith.” PO Box 10 Lufkin, TX 75902 Website: www.stopactivistjudges.org Chairman: Dr. Rick Scarborough (President and Co-Chairman of Vision America) Executive Committee: Jerry Falwell (The Moral Majority), Rick Scarborough, Alveda King (The Alexis de Tocqueville Institute, Priests for Life), Mike Valerio, Ray Flynn (Catholics for the Common Good), Mike Farris (Home School Legal Defense Fund), Frank Pavone (Priests for Life), Dave Meyers, Phyllis Schlafly (Eagle Forum), and Tom Smith Membership: Major ministries, churches, pro-family groups, conservative non-profit organizations Purpose History Activities Quotes Purpose The Judeo-Christian Council for Constitutional Restoration is a coalition of ministries and organization united for the purpose of confronting a “growing assault on the faith by an ever-overreaching judiciary,” and combating “judicial activism.” Back to Top History The Judeo-Christian Council for Constitutional Restoration (JCCR) was founded in early 2004, and formalized in January of 2005 as a result of what its founders felt had been a culmination of assaults against religion and faith in the form of court decisions. The main thrust for the formation of the JCCCR came after former Chief Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court Roy Moore was removed from his position for refusing to take down a Ten Commandments monument from the Alabama Judiciary building. In addition, the case of Terri Schiavo, the incapacitated woman whose husband was allowed by a federal judge to remove here from life support after she was diagnosed as being in an incurable persistent vegetative state, served as an impetus for forming the JCCCR. Back to Top Activities The JCCCR rejects certain Supreme Court civil liberty decisions, such as those allowing freedom of reproductive rights, prohibiting coercive sectarian prayer in public schools, overturning sodomy laws, and removing religious symbols like the Ten Commandments from public spaces. In 2005 the JCCCR campaigned to impeach Judge Joseph Bataillon of Nebraska because of his view that banning the marriage of same-sex couples is in violation of the 14th Amendment of the Constitution. JCCCR claims that Bataillon’s action will effectively subvert the intention of the Constitution. JCCCR's conference Confronting the Judicial War on Faith, held April 7-8, 2005, addressed “judicial tyranny…from a faith perspective.” Key speakers included House Majority Leader Tom DeLay Congressman Lamar Smith of Texas, David C. Gibbs, Esq. (lead attorney for the parents of Terri Schiavo), former Alabama Chief Justice Roy Moore, Ambassador Alan Keyes, Phyllis Schlafly, Tony Perkins (of the Family Research Council), Tom Jipping (aide to Sen. Orin Hatch), Mike Farris (of Patrick Henry University and the Home School Legal Defense Association), Alveda King (niece of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.), Patrick Reilly (of the Cardinal Newman Society), and Rabbi Aryeh Spero. About the JCCCR Conference Back to Top Quotes “The President must be true to his word. He must keep his faith with the folks who elected him twice. In other words, he must replace Sandra Day O’Connor with a strict constructionist. The president has a God-given opportunity to change the balance on the Supreme Court. On issue after issue—abortion, sodomy, public display of the Ten Commandments—O’Connor has sided with the court’s liberal bloc. Time and again, Justice O’Connor and her colleagues have used the Constitution as an excuse to force weird social experiments on the nation.” —Rick Scarborough on the 2005 Supreme Court vacancy, July 1, 2005. “Not to be outdone, lawyer-author Edwin Vieira told the gathering [JCCR’s 2005 conference] that Kennedy [Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy] should be impeached because his philosophy, evidenced in his opinion striking down an anti-sodomy statute, ‘upholds Marxist, Leninist, satanic principles drawn from foreign law.’ Ominously, Vieira continued by saying his ‘bottom line’ for dealing with the Supreme Court comes from Joseph Stalin. ‘He had a slogan, and it worked very well for him, whenever he ran into difficulty: “no man, no problem,”’ Vieira said. The full Stalin quote, for those who don't recognize it, is ‘Death solves all problems: no man, no problem.’” —Dana Milbank, “And the Verdict on Justice Kennedy Is: Guilty,” Washington Post, April 9, 2005 “As the battle over the Roberts nomination moves to the floor of the Senate, there's intense speculation about President Bush's second Supreme Court nominee. Increasingly, pro-faith conservatives are telling the White House to think Brown. Recently confirmed to the DC Circuit Court of Appeals (called the second most powerful court in the land), Janice Rogers Brown is a dream nominee for folks like you and me.” —Rick Scarborough on the vacancy to the Supreme Court, September 22, 2005 “In every event in the life of a nation -- as in our personal lives -- God is always speaking to us. It is imperative that we hear Him and heed His voice. These thoughts I offer with deep humility. Scriptures teach us that God will not be mocked. The scenes of devastation in New Orleans we're witnessing on the nightly news show us a catastrophe of Biblical proportions. If that weren't enough, the chaos that's sweeping the ravaged city is a sad reminder that when God brings the deluge, the floodgates will open and unimaginable evil will wash over us.” —Rick Scarborough on Hurricane Katrina, September 2, 2005 Updated: April 2006 Back to Top

	Judicial Confirmation Network The Judicial Confirmation Network (JCN) was created just as the debate in the Senate over Republican leaders’ plans to eliminate the use of the filibuster on judicial nominations was reaching its apex. JCN was also active in the right-wing campaign to confirm Chief Justice John Roberts and Justice Samuel Alito. Judicial Confirmation Network PO Box 791 Alexandria, VA 22313-0791 Website: www.judicialnetwork.com Executive Director: Gary Marx (Bush-Cheney ’04, The Family Foundation of Virginia) Counsel: Wendy Long (former law clerk for Justice Clarence Thomas) Founded: 2004 Purpose Activities History Funding About Gary Marx Quotes Purpose The Judicial Confirmation Network (JCN) was created to ensure that “highly qualified individuals” are confirmed to United States’ highest courts. It calls for a “fair, impartial confirmation process” and strongly advocates the up-or-down vote. JCN believes in judges who “strictly interpret the Constitution” and that do not “impose his or her personal or political agenda on the people.” It firmly supported Judge John Roberts for confirmation to the United States Supreme Court. Back to Top Activities JCN was very active in the battle over the “nuclear option” which would have eliminated the use of the filibuster to block the confirmation of judicial nominees. In fact, JCN came into existence mainly to help fight that battle. JCN quickly launched a national advertising campaign in support of the "nuclear option," targeting mainly Democratic senators from “red states” as well as moderate Republicans. JCN was also very active during the confirmation process for John Roberts, defending his record, praising him in the press and on television, and attacking Democrats. JCN partnered with “dozens of other grassroots and civic organizations including Focus on the Family, Americans for Tax Reform, the Committee for Justice, Americans for Limited Government and the American Center for Law and Justice” to distribute its e-mails and alerts. Back to Top History Gary Marx was invited by Jay Sekulow, a close friend and president of the ultra-conservative American Center for Law and Justice, in 2004 to create the JCN. The organization also has very close ties to Progress for America. Back to Top Funding In preparation for Supreme Court nomination battles, the JCN was expected to be the main repository of money raised from business groups and other Republican allies. It promised to spend about $18 million for radio and TV ads, phone banks, and other grassroots tools. Back to Top About Gary Marx Before his position at JCN, Marx served on the 2004 Bush-Cheney campaign as the national conservative coalition director who helped organize church-sponsored voter drives in Ohio. Marx was also involved in Bush’s campaign while working at the firm Century Strategies, where his task was outreach to pro-family conservative voters during the primary and general election races. Century Strategies was founded and is led by former Christian Coalition director Ralph Reed, who advises Fortune 500 companies while heavily endorsing political candidates. Reed has worked on seven presidential campaigns and has advised on 88 campaigns for U.S. Senate, Governor and Congress in 24 states. He was the Chairman of the Georgia Republican Party in 2002, and ran unsuccessfully for Lieutenant Governor of Georgia in 2006. Back to Top Quotes "The Republican base, which worked hard to elect President Bush twice, does not think the Supreme Court should be stuck in the mentality of the 1960s, which has proven so destructive to the rule of law and respect for our American institutions. Liberal groups now arguing for 'balance' on the Court and the appointment of a 'moderate' Justice just want to keep the Supreme Court on a leftward march, away from the Constitution. When the people speak through their elected representatives on political and policy matters, as they are entitled to do in our representative democracy, the liberal Left runs to the courts to implement opposite policies through judicial tyranny.” —Wendy Long, “JCN: Americans Deserve Better From U.S. Supreme Court,” July 7, 2005 "Seeking a 'consensus' candidate is not the right thing to do. It is not what the Constitution contemplates, in our system built on the consent of the governed... By definition, those will never be 'consensus' nominees. Justices Ginsburg and Breyer were not 'consensus' nominees, nor should any Republican nominees be—particularly when Republicans control the Senate, for heaven's sake." —Wendy Long, June 22, 2005 Updated: April 2006 Back to Top

	Landmark Legal Foundation The Landmark Legal Foundation specializes in battling opponents of school vouchers, unions, and environmental regulations in the name of opposing “big government.” Landmark’s president, Mark Levin, is a high-profile right-wing media figure who hosts his own radio program, contributes to the National Review, and is the author of Men in Black: How the Supreme Court Is Destroying America. Landmark Legal Foundation 19415 Deerfield Avenue Suite 312 Leesburg, VA 20176 Website: www.landmarklegal.org President: Mark R. Levin Founded/Place: 1976 Advisory Council Member: Becky Norton Dunlop Board of Directors: Roy Innis (Congress of Racial Equality), Walter Williams (CATO Institute, Heritage Foundation), Edwin Meese III, (Former Attorney General), WM. Bradford Reynolds (Federalist Society), Steve A. Matthews, Gary L. McDowell, Lawrence F. Davenport, John Richardson Former President: Jerald Hill Finances: $1,728,056 (2003 revenue) Media: The Mark Levin Show, aired on the radio weekly on WABC AM station. Publications: Men in Black: How the Supreme Court is Destroying America, a book by President Mark Levin Purpose Activities Judicial Nominees Activity Funding History About President Mark R. Levin Quotes Purpose Landmark Legal Foundation (LFF) is a legal advocacy group that litigates based on the principles of individual liberty, free enterprise, and limited government. Among others, LLF has targeted the National Education Association, the Democratic National Committee, the AFL-CIO, Emily’s List, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Forest Service. Back to Top Activities Landmark Legal Foundation (LLF) initiates litigation against major non-profit, governmental, and social institutions. LLF focuses primarily on education and environmental litigation, in an attempt to dismantle institutions that preserve universal public schooling and that promote and fight for a clean environment. It assists state legislators in their pursuit to enact educational reforms such as providing school vouchers, private management of public schools, and other voucher initiatives. Mark Levin is a contributing editor of National Review, as well as a frequent contributor to the Washington Times and Human Events. Works for welfare reform. Played a role in supporting Paula Jones during the Clinton sexual scandal by receiving funds from the Scaife Foundation and finding lawyers for Jones. Salon, "Newsreal: The men who kept Paula Jones lawsuit going" Back to Top Judicial Nominees Activity Landmark Legal Foundation is a member of Kay Daly’s Coalition for a Fair Judiciary, along with Free Congress Foundation, American Conservative Union, Family Research Council, Concerned Women for America, and the Christian Coalition. Source Landmark Legal adamantly opposed the Senate Democrats’ use of the filibuster against judicial nominees. In an op-ed in January of 2005, Levin explained that, “Whatever the politics of ending the Senate’s judicial filibusters, and one can only speculate, defending the Constitution is paramount…By denying the president numerous key appointments to vacancies on the federal bench, the judiciary grows increasingly activist due to the remaining numerous Clinton appointees.” Landmark Legal Foundation op-ed Back to Top Funding According to MediaTransparency, Landmark received $8,935,200 between 1986 and 2003 in a total of 118 grants. Landmark has received $20,000 from ExxonMobil Foundation since 1998 According to its 990 report, Landmark Legal Foundation received $1,567,258 in gifts, grants, and contributions in 2002. Other funders include the Allegheny Foundation, Lynde and Harry Bradley, Foundation, Inc., Carthage Foundation, Castle Rock Foundation, JM Foundation, Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation, Philip M. McKenna Foundation, Inc., John M. Olin Foundation, Inc., Sarah Scaife Foundation, and the Scaife Family Foundation. Back to Top History Landmark Legal Foundation, one of the earlier conservative legal organizations, was founded in 1976, and initially called the Great Plains Legal Foundation. It was created to address the special interest groups and unions “dedicated to tearing down [individual liberty, free enterprise, and limited government] and advancing Big Government.” Back to Top About President Mark R. Levin Mark Levin is a former employee of the Reagan Administration, and represented former Reagan Attorney General Edwin Meese during the Iran-Contra investigation. He was a leading advocate of the impeachment of Bill Clinton, and Rush Limbaugh named him head of his (Limbaugh’s) “legal division.” In 2001 Levin received the Ronald Reagan Award from the American Conservative Union. Finally, Levin strongly disapproves of the United Nations, which he claims is anti-Semitic and disorganized (see quote below). Back to Top Quotes “How can [John Kerry] support an organization that anti-Semitic? I would like to know how the U.N., given the make-up of the august body, is any different than the KKK or all the rest of it. They've got people in that U.N. that are torturers, mass-murderers, anti-Semites, anti-Americans, anti-freedom, and we're supposed to keep conferring our decisions to them. Why?”—Mark R. Levin audio “Landmark Legal Foundation is presently engaged in a two front battle – the most ambitious and arguably the most important we’ve ever faced. It is quite literally a battle for America's future. “We’re confronting the nation’s chief obstacle to substantive education reform - the NEA - not only at the national level, but in the states where the union spends millions in tax exempt funds on unreported and hence illegal political activities. In the coming months we will launch the first wave of complaints against key NEA state affiliates. In addition, the Foundation will undertake a major outreach initiative to regional, national and specialty media and key opinion leaders to garner attention and caste the spectrum of public debate where it belongs – on the actions of a union that has no respect for the law. Landmark’s complaints and public outreach efforts will bring to the state unions the same unremitting and unwelcome scrutiny from governmental agencies and the media that has resulted in a full IRS field audit and Labor Department investigation of the national union. “We are also challenging what may be the most insidious legacy of modern liberalism – judicial activism and the radical judges who use it to advance an extremist social agenda. America’s courts have become the final bulwark for the advocates of big government who have been defeated time after time at the ballot box at the local, state and federal level. Through an aggressive and multifaceted public education campaign, Landmark’s Judicial Reform Initiative is helping to reshape the public debate and crystallize public sentiment about the mission of America’s courts and the proper limits on their authority. With the Roberts Nomination to the Supreme Court currently before the Senate – as well as the ongoing controversy about filibusters in the Senate over nominees to federal district and appeals courts, this has become one of Landmark’s highest priorities.” Source Updated: August 2006 Back to Top

	Leadership Institute 1101 North Highland Street Arlington, VA 22201 www.leadershipinstitute.org President: Morton C. Blackwell Established: In 1979 by Morton C. Blackwell Finances: $8,230,655 budget (2000) Employees: 54 Graduates of LI programs: Over 30,000 people (according to LI) Leadership Institute’s Principal Issues and Activities: The Institute’s mission is “to increase the number and effectiveness of conservative public policy leaders. We not only want to identify, recruit and place conservatives, but we want to properly equip our future leaders as well.” The Institute recruits, trains and finds jobs for right-wing activists in the public policy field. In 22 years, the Institute has trained over 30,000 activists. The Institute’s F.M. Kirby National Training Center has 18 educational programs: Campaign Leadership, Candidate Development, Capitol Hill staff, Capitol Hill writing, Grassroots organizing, Internet leadership, Public Relations, Public Speaking, Student Publications, Youth Leadership, and Broadcast Journalism. LI has space to hold trainings to accommodate nearly 500 people at a time and free dormitory space is available. LI has an intern program, an Employment Placement Service and a Broadcast Journalism Placement Service. LI has placed program graduates in positions at: National Rifle Association, Christian Coalition, American Conservative Union, and working for Florida Governor Jeb Bush. LI alumni include: Ralph Reed, Former Executive Director of the Christian Coalition, Senator Mitch McConnell (R-Kentucky), former Virginia Governor Jim Gilmore, Grover Norquist, President of Americans for Tax Reform, Congressman David McIntosh (R-Indiana), Congressman Mark Souder (R-Indiana). The Institute also has a “Bi-Partisan Congressional Advisory Board” of 117 members, 4 are Democrats and the rest are Republicans. LI has organized over 200 conservative student groups on college campuses nationwide. LI specializes in countering “political correctness” on college campuses. LI receives funding from many large conservative foundations such as the F.M. Kirby Foundation and the DeVos Foundation. President Ronald Reagan said that the Leadership Institute is "paving the way for a new generation of conservative leadership." Morton Blackwell’s Background: Since 1991, Blackwell has served as Executive Director of the secretive Council for National Policy, a foundation composed of leaders of right wing public policy organizations, major donors and other noted conservative leaders. From 1981-1984, Morton worked as the Special Assistant to President Reagan. Blackwell was a liaison to conservative groups, veteran's groups, most religious organizations, and civic and fraternal groups. Blackwell co-authored President Reagan's Voluntary Prayer Amendment. [Updated September 2002]

	Pioneer Institute for Public Policy Research 85 Devonshire Street, 8th Floor Boston, MA 02109 www.pioneerinstitute.org Established: 1988 by Lovett C. Peters Founding Chairman: Lovett C. Peters Chairman: Colby Hewitt, Jr. President/Executive Director: Stephen Adams Finances: $2.5 million budget (2000) Employees: 18 Affiliated with: Massachusetts Charter School Resource Center, Pioneer Institute, Inc. Publications: Books, policy papers, “Pioneering Spirit” magazine, newsletters, and op-eds. Pioneer Institute’s Principal Issues: PI “seeks to change the intellectual climate in Massachusetts” by challenging the progressive bias of the state. PI describes itself as “Massachusetts’s leading think tank.” PI has three “centers”—the Charter School Resource Center, the Shamie Center for Restructuring Government and the Center for Urban Entrepreneurship. PI’s issues are broken down into its “E4 strategy-- educational excellence, effective public management, economic opportunity, and emerging issues.” PI is a proponent of school vouchers and deregulation of workman’s compensation insurance. PI opposes bilingual education. PI’s approach to education reform is defined by its support of school vouchers and charter schools. PI’s founding chairman, Lovett C. Peters, is also a trustee for the Foundation for Economic Education and for Hillsdale College PI’s work has been acknowledged by other right wing groups. Peters was awarded the “Roe Award” from the State Policy Network. Both Peters and his wife Ruth Stott Peters received the “Champions of Freedom Award” from the Mackinac Center for Public Policy. PI is a member of the State Policy Network, “the professional service organization for America's state-based, free market think tank movement.” [Updated September 2002]

	Madison Project The Madison Project (MP) PO Box 100 Centreville, VA 20122 www.madisonproject.org Established: 1994 by Michael Farris Chairman: Michael Farris President: Michael Bowman Publications: We the People, a bimonthly newsletter Madison Project's Principal Issues: Madison Project's Recent Activities: MP's Election History: About MP’s Founder Michael Farris: Madison Project quotes: Madison Project's Principal Issues: The Madison Project is a PAC was established to help and support new conservative “family values” anti-choice candidates, to build a “true pro-life, conservative majority.” Madison Project calls itself “A Political Network for Pro-Life Conservatives.” [letterhead 1999] The Madison Project organizes and "bundles" small contributions by individuals to amass large contributions. It is modeled after Emily's List. [We the people, nov/dec 1994] Madison Project’s Board of Directors include famous conservatives Paul Weyrich and Tim LaHaye. Madison Project’s “Advisory Committee” is a group of congresspeople that the group helped to elect. MP does not support incumbents and it often focuses on elections in its home state of Virginia. Back to Top Madison Project's Recent Activities: Candidates MP supported in 2002 election: MP Wins: Senate Races: Missouri US Senate: Jim Talent (v. Jean Carnahan) House Races: Colorado: 4th CD Marilyn Musgrave (v. Stan Matsanka) Florida: 13th CD Katherine Harris (v. Jan Schneider) New Mexico: 2nd CD Steve Pearce (v. John Arthur Smith) New Jersey: 5th CD Scott Garrett (v. Anne Summers) Texas: 5th CD Jeb Hensarling (v. Ron Chapman) Losses: Senate Races: Delaware: US Senate: Clatworthy (v. Biden) Louisiana US Senate: Perkins (v. Landrieu) House Races: California: 39th CD: Tim Escobar (v. Linda Sanchez) Kentucky: 4th CD: Geoff Davis (v. Ken Lucas) Louisiana 5th CD: Clyde Holloway (v. Rodney Alexander) Back to Top MP's Election History: In 2000, MP claims they elected 10 new pro-life Republicans to Congress. They also launched their “Vote Your Values!” get-out-the-vote project, targeting conservative religious voters in Michigan and Florida. [11-17-00] In Summer 1999, MP headed a campaign to “bundle” contributions for the GOP House Managers who prosecuted the impeachment of President Clinton. MP claims it gave more money to the House Managers than their own official House Managers PAC. [11-17-00 direct mail] During the 1999 primary, MP ranked #1 among pro-life organizations and #3 among 117 conservative organizations in funneling money to candidates. [ibid] In 1996 MP gave $340,000 to 14 candidates, helping to elect Sam Brownback (R-KS). [MP 2/98 direct mail] In 1994 MP gave $179,000 to 9 candidates. Of those nine, 4 were elected. (Steve Largent (R-OK), Mark Neumann(R-WS), Andrea Seastrand(R-CA), and Doc Hastings(R-WS).) [ibid] Back to Top About MP’s Founder Michael Farris: In 2001 Farris was hired by the Bush campaign as a consultant. Farris stepped down as Executive Director and named Michael Bowman, former Vice President of Government Relations at the Family Research Council. [9-24-01, direct mail] Farris was responsible for arranging the instrumental Fall 1999 meeting between top conservatives and candidate George W. Bush. The meeting was an opportunity for Bush to privately reassure the far-right that they share the same values. [WT 10-8-1999] Michael Farris ran a failed campaign for lieutenant governor of Virginia. Farris is known for his role in the Christian conservative home schooling movement, president of the Home School Defense Association. Farris has also established a college for Christian conservative home schooled kids, Patrick Henry College. Farris also served as general counsel to Concerned Women for America. Back to Top Madison Project quotes: "Madison Project not only has a unique mission and strategy, but we have a proven record of accomplishment with over a million dollars delivered directly to candidates and many solid victories for conservatives." -Michael Farris [1-03 website] “The Madison Project has been responsible for electing ten of the most constitutionally conservative Congressmen in history. These are men and women who are solid on the issues you and I care about the most.”- Madison Project, direct mail 1-97? “You know I have to say sincerely that I stand before you because of the Madison Project.” –Congresswoman Helen Chenoweth, R-ID [1-97 direct mail] “Madison Project put us over the hump, and for that I am eternally grateful.”- Congressman Steve Largent, R-OK [direct mail 1-97] “Together we’ve helped elect eight principled leaders to the U.S. House of Representatives and one to the U.S. Senate. That is nine Congressmen who, day in and day out vote for the principles you and I hold dear.” –July 4, 1997 direct mail from Michael Farris on behalf of the Madison Project ""Madison Project provided me with critical funding when I needed it the most: in the primary!" -Rep. Joe Pitts (R, Penn.) [1-03 website] Back to Top

	National Association of Scholars 221 Witherspoon Street, Second Floor Princeton, New Jersey 08542-3215 www.nas.org Founded: 1985 President: Stephen H. Balch Publications: NAS Update quarterly newsletter, Academic Questions quarterly journal, and Science Insights; and occasional reports Finances: Has an income of less than $25,000 per year. NAS Principle Issues: NAS Principle Activities: Major Right Wing Donors: NAS’s Board of Advisors: NAS Principle Issues: NAS was founded to bring together conservatives in academia to fight the “liberal bias” on college and university campuses and to target multiculturalism and affirmative-action policies. NAS organizes professors, graduate students, college administrators and trustees, and scholars who believe that there is a “[d]ogmatic hostility to Western civilization, and turning the study of non-Western cultures into an instrument for denouncing American society” on college campuses. Fights against the “[d]ecline in civility on college and university campuses.” Back to Top NAS Principle Activities: NAS builds scholar networks, organizes panels, conferences, and lectures and creates NAS campus communities. NAS organizes outreach programs to recruit new members. Back to Top Major Right Wing Donors: Sarah Scaife Foundation The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, Inc Castle Rock Foundation John M. Olin Foundation Back to Top NAS’s Board of Advisors: John H. Bunzel, Hoover Institution Edwin J. Delattre, American Enterprise Institute Chester E. Finn, Fordham Foundation Gertrude Himmelfarb, Independent Women’s Forum Paul Hollander, National Review, Front Page Magazine Harry V. Jaffa, Claremont Institute Donald Kagan, Project for the New American Century Jeane J. Kirkpatrick, UN Ambassador under President Reagan, American Enterprise Institute Irving Kristol, American Enterprise Institute Richard D. Lamm, American Reform Party Leslie Lenkowsky, National Review Seymour Martin Lipset, Hoover Institution Christina Hoff Sommers, Independent Women’s Forum Shelby Steele, Hoover Institution, Manhattan Institute Stephan Thernstrom, Manhattan Institute James Q. Wilson, Manhattan Institute Updated July 2004 Back to Top

	National Center for Policy Analysis 12655 North Central Expressway, Suite 720 Dallas, TX 75243-1739 www.ncpa.org Established: 1983 President/Executive Director: John C. Goodman Finances: $5,237,217 (total expenditures in 2001) Employees: 22 Affiliations: NCPA is a member of the State Policy Network, a network of national and local right-wing think tanks, and of townhall.com, a right-wing internet portal created by the Heritage Foundation. Publications: NCPA sponsors two of its own syndicated columnists: Pete du Pont (Scripps Howard) and Bruce Bartlett (Creators Syndicate). Bartlett's column appears under contract twice a week in the Washington Times and in the Detroit News. NCPA’s Principal Issues: NCPA's Activities and History: NCPA alumni in the Bush administration: High-profile Staffers and Board Members: NCPA’s Principal Issues: A right wing think tank with programs devoted to privatization in the following issue areas: taxes, Social Security and Medicare, health care, criminal justice, environment, education, and welfare. NCPA describes its close working relationship with Congress, saying it “has managed to have more than a dozen studies released by members of Congress – a rare event for a think tank – and frequently members of Congress appear at the NCPA's Capitol Hill briefings for congressional aides.” Right-wing foundations funding includes: Bradley, Scaife, Koch, Olin, Earhart, Castle Rock, and JM Foundations In the early 90s, NCPA created the Center for Tax Studies. NCPA’s website describes the inspiration for the Center: “Very few think tank studies are released by members of Congress.” Back to Top NCPA's Activities and History: In the early 90s, NCPA established the Center for Tax Studies. NCPA's website describes the inspiration for the Center: "Very few think tank studies are released by members of Congress. One of the first NCPA exceptions was a 1990 study on how Social Security rules penalize senior citizens and discourage them from working. The study was released on Capitol Hill by more than 50 members of the House of Representatives. This was the first of many such events for the NCPA and led to the creation of the Center for Tax Studies, which makes policy recommendations that help to guide the decisions of lawmakers." In the mid-90s, NCPA saw more opportunities with the new Republican Congress. NCPA describes its accomplishments: "A package of pro-growth tax cuts, designed by the NCPA and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce in 1991, became the core of the Contract With America in 1994. Three of the five proposals (capital gains tax cut, Roth IRA and eliminating the Social Security earnings penalty) became law. A fourth proposal - rolling back the tax on Social Security benefits - passed the House of Representatives in 2000." "NCPA Senior Fellow Bruce Bartlett's proposal for an across-the-board tax cut became the centerpiece of Bob Dole's 1996 presidential campaign and the focal point of the recent pro-growth approach to tax cuts. Bartlett's proposal also became the centerpiece of President Bush's tax cut proposal." "At the request of congressional leadership, we produced a major study on the tax relief bill passed in Congress but vetoed by President Clinton." "The repeal by Congress of the estate tax last year (vetoed by President Clinton) and again by the House of Representatives this year reflects the continued work of the NCPA. At the request of congressional leadership, the NCPA produced a policy backgrounder on the case for abolishing death taxes. A later NCPA study on this issue was released on Capitol Hill, timed to coincide with the Senate debate on the issue. This year, the issue is again before the Congress, with a president who strongly favors repeal." Back to Top NCPA alumni in the Bush administration: Senior Fellow Thomas R. Saving was appointed to the Board of Trustees of the Social Security and Medicare Trust Funds. Dr. Saving was also named to the President’s Social Security Commission. Back to Top High-profile Staffers and Board Members: High-profile board members: Former Delaware governor Pete du Pont Virginia Manheimer, funder of right-wing and pro-voucher organizations in New York High-profile staffers include: Senior Fellow Bruce Bartlett Back to Top

	National Right to Life Committee 512 10th St. NW Washington, DC 20004 www.nrlc.org President: Wanda Franz Date of founding: 1973 Finances: $12.4 million (1998 revenue) State chapters: Over 3,000 “Right to Life” chapters in all 50 states and District of Columbia. Publications: National Right to Life News, monthly newsletter with “nearly” 400,000 subscribers, and a "Hot List" e-mail news listserv. Affiliated with: National Right to Life Committee Educational Trust Fund, National Right to Life Conventions, National Right to Life PAC, and the Horatio R. Storer Foundation. NRLC’s Principal Issues: NRLC is the nation's largest anti-abortion grassroots organization. NRLC specializes in lobbying congress and organizing grassroots activists on anti-abortion issues. NRLC also has a political action committee and educational trust fund. One of the central goals of the organization is the passage of a constitutional amendment banning all abortion. While NRLC defines itself as a “single-issue” organization, they are also active in other issues such as partial-birth abortion, euthanasia, stem cell research, in vitro fertilization, and cloning. NRCL opposes RU-486 and some forms of contraceptives, including "the pill." In 1999, Fortune magazine placed NRLC number 8 on its “Power 25” list, which ranks the most influential lobbying groups in Washington, D.C.. NRLC Activities: NRLC organizes letters-to-congress campaigns on behalf of legislation that relates to their issues. NRLC encourages its members to approach local schools so they can give talks in the classroom, they call it “Captivating the Captive Audience.” In materials that explain how to convert students to their cause, they emphasize the effectiveness of using NRCL’s educational resources, such as videos, pamphlets, cd-roms, and “fetal models.” In Fall 2001 the NRL Educational Trust Fund purchased a building halfway between the White House and Capitol Hill. The value of the building is assessed at $2 million dollars. [Updated September 2002]

	National Taxpayers Union 108 North Alfred St. Alexandria, Virginia 22314 www.ntu.org Established: Founded in 1969. President: John Berthoud Finances: $1,222,825 (2000 NTUF budget) Employees: 20 Membership: 335,000 Organization Affiliates: National Taxpayers Union Foundation, National Taxpayers Union Campaign Fund, Iowans for Tax Relief, Nebraska Taxpayers for Freedom, Arlington County Taxpayers Association NTU’s Principal Activities: History and Background: High-profile Staffers: High Profile Board Members: Quotes NTU’s Principal Activities: NTU’s main focus is lobbying Congress. NTU bills its congressional scorecards as “the only scorecard that grades representatives on every roll call vote affecting fiscal policy, including taxes and regulation.” NTU also gives “Taxpayers’ Friend Awards” to the highest scoring legislators. Like most lobbying groups, NTU sends alerts about pending legislation to be used by activists, testifies before Congress, and provides policy papers for its legislative allies. NTUF was founded in 1977 and “is the charitable, research, and educational affiliate of NTU.” National Taxpayers Union Campaign Fund (NTUCF) was created by NTU in 1994 and “makes endorsements of candidates, distributes information to voters on the tax records -- good and bad -- of officeseekers, and which conducts its own self-directed “independent expenditure” campaigns in certain political contests.” Back to Top History and Background: NTU lists the following among its accomplishments: “Dozens of successful state and local tax limitation movements -- activists have defeated 90% of the 50 major tax increases that appeared on state ballots over the past five years;” “Bringing the Balanced Budget Amendment to the Constitution within one vote of passing the Congress;” and “Landmark "Taxpayer Bill of Rights" laws that help to safeguard against IRS abuses.” Right-wing foundations that help fund NTUF include: Scaife, John M. Olin and JM Foundations. Back to Top High-profile Staffers: Grover Norquist was NTU’s Executive Director before being tapped by the Reagan White House to head Americans for Tax Reform. Back to Top High Profile Board Members: David M. Stanley, Chairman of the Board Steve Forbes, two-time candidate for GOP presidential nomination J. Kenneth Blackwell, Ohio Secretary of State J. Patrick Rooney, a right-wing funder Back to Top Quotes Quotes about NTU: “My Administration came to Washington to achieve many of the goals shared by the National Taxpayers Union – Reduction of income tax rates, control of government spending…NTU’s support for the across-the-board tax rate reduction and income tax indexing helped pave the way for Congressional adoption during the first years of this Administration.”- Former President Ronald Reagan “The National Taxpayers Union…is the Grand-daddy of the tax revolt organizations.” -San Francisco Chronicle “After Howard Jarvis’ victory on California’s landmark Proposition 13 tax-limitation referendum in 1978, the NTU helped to convert the victory into national momentum for the Reagan agenda.” -Human Events magazine Quotes from NTU: “If we don’t seize on this revolutionary moment to rein in taxes and rein in entitlements, we could be looking at a government headed for financial oblivion…and a populace that is so over-taxed and so desperate that we could be talking about real revolutions.” - David Keating in 1995 Back to Top

	New Coalition for Economic and Social Change The New Coalition for Economic and Social Change is a coalition of black conservatives affiliated with free-market advocacy group The Heartland Institute – itself member a of the right-wing State Policy Network, a national network of state-based think tanks. The New Coalition for Economic and Social Change 19 South LaSalle Street #903 Chicago, IL 60603 Website: www.newcoalition.org Founder & President: Lee H. Walker in 1980 Board of Directors (Heartland Institute): Herbert J. Walberg, Chairman, Joseph L. Bast (President and CEO The Heartland Institute), James L. Johnston (Amoco Corporation, retired), Thomas Walton (General Motors Corporation), Walter F. Buchholtz (ExxonMobil Corporation), Roy E. Marden (Philip Morris), David H. Padden (Padden & Co.), Robert Buford (Planned Realty Group), Frank Resnik (Medline Inc., retired), Paul Fisher Piper (Marbury, Rudnick & Wolfe), Leslie Rose (Fidelity Bank), James Fitzgerald (BankNote Capital LLC), Lee Tooman (Golden Rule Insurance Company), Dan Hales (Peterson & Ross), Lee H. Walker (New Coalition for Economic & Social Change), William Higginson (Chicago Equity Fund Inc.). Finances: The New Coalition estimates its finances for 2005 at $175,000 Publications: New Coalition “News and Views” Newsletter, sent to a mailing list of approximately 1,100 allies and opinion leaders, as well as occasional articles, studies, and research papers on issues of particular interest to people of color. Affiliate Groups: The Heartland Institute Purpose Activities Funding History Purpose The new Coalition lists its goals and strategies as the following: To make black Americans more economically independent; To formulate a coherent black strategy to deal with “black pathologies” such as crime, poor health, unemployment, and “miseducation;” To publicize the fact that there is great diversity within the black community; To create new leaders and new alliances; To foster black experts able to comment on a wide variety of issues, not just those commonly associated with black concerns. The New Coalition is “committed to conservative multiculturalism,” which views social order from historical and personal experiences not shared by whites, that result in conservative or libertarian conclusions. Back to Top Activities The New Coalition engages in public speaking, media interviews, writing letters to editors and elected officials, op-eds for newspapers, and feature articles for magazines and newsletters, as well as holding seminars and providing easy-access literature for the multicultural community. On its website it lists the following activities: Presenting the Booker T. Washington "New Citizenship" Award annually to Americans who have succeeded against the odds; Hosting an annual leadership conference on the New Black Agenda; Producing a series of small-scale seminars for the purpose of exploring specific public policy issues; Publishing a newsletter and studies and research papers on urgent issues; and Networking with other organizations. New Coalition Cultural Information Exchange Project (NCCIEP), an educational development program for Chicago Public Schools Technology Initiatives Back to Top Funding The New Coalition lists the Stuart Family Foundation, ExxonMobil Corporation, the Ceres Foundation, and the Milbank Foundation for Rehabilitation as several of its 97 donors. The New Coalition is a partner with the Heartland Institute, which receives funding from Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation, Claude R. Lambe Charitable Foundation, JM Foundation, John M. Olin Foundation, Inc., Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, the Scaife Foundations, and from the Phillip Morris tobacco company. It claims to have annual revenues of over $2 million. Back to Top History The New Coalition was founded in 1980 following a major conference in San Francisco at the Fairmont Hotel. Speakers featured that day included former U.S. Attorney General Ed Meese III, economist Milton Friedman, Thomas Sowell, Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas, and Walter Williams. According to the New Coalition’s website, “The Heartland Institute, a national research organization (or ‘think tank’) founded in 1984 in Chicago, has an annual budget of $2 million and a full-time staff of 13. Prior to joining forces with Mr. Walker, however, it was not having much success reaching nonwhite audiences. As a result, a partnership formed between The New Coalition and The Heartland Institute, a project under Mr. Walker's direction that combined The New Coalition's extensive contacts with nonwhite opinion leaders with access to The Heartland Institute's staff, publications, and national network of donors and opinion leaders. Mr. Walker–a long-time member of Heartland's Board of Directors–has taken the title of Senior Fellow at Heartland and President of The New Coalition.” According to Sourcewatch.org, the Heartland Institute has ties to the tobacco industry… “Roy E. Marden, a member of Heartland's board of directors, is the manager of industry affairs for the Philip Morris tobacco company…[and] In a May 1991 document prepared for Philip Morris, Marden listed Heartland's ‘rapid response network’ as a ‘potential spokesperson’ among the ‘portfolio of organizations’ that the company had cultivated to support its interests. The Heartland Institute is also a member of the State Policy Network, a national network of state-based right-wing organizations, predominately think tanks. Updated: April 2006 Back to Top

	State Policy Network 6255 Arlington Boulevard Richmond, CA 94805 www.spn.org Founding Chairman: Thomas Roe Established: 1992 Formerly Known As: The Madison Group President: Tracie Sharp Financials: $391,496 (2001 budget) Membership: 40 state membership groups in 37 states Publications: SPN News (quarterly newsletter), SPN group directory. SPN's Principal Issues: SPN's Activities: SPN's Members and Associates: [partial list] SPN Quotes: SPN's Principal Issues: SPN is a national network of state-based right-wing organizations in 37 states as well as prominent nationwide right-wing organizations. Through its network SPN advances the public policy ideas of the expansive right-wing political movement on the state and local level. Due to SPN's state think tank network, smaller organizations have met with success by following the Heritage Foundation model of extensive public relations to court the media and politicians in an effort to have more impact on public policy. The agenda of Heritage and most of SNP's network members are nearly identical: privatization of most public services and hostility to public education. SPN's Purpose: “The Era of Big Government is not over. Federal control has merely been reinforced by state mandates. This is the reality of the 'New Federalism.' Independent think tanks that promote market-oriented public policy ideas at the state and local levels are confronting that reality head-on, working in the trenches at the forefront of the movement for free market policy solutions, and State Policy Network is boosting its capacity to support them.” SPN's leadership work includes "program planning, delivery, evaluation" and establishing "outreach programs" to help smaller organizations to market and promote themselves to lawmakers and business leaders. SPN is a network of “state-based think tanks,” organizations, corporations, and foundations in the “conservative/free market movement.” Back to Top SPN's Activities: SPN provides seminars and workshops on areas such as market analysis and fundraising strategies for non-profits to market themselves in the for-profit world. The State Policy Network has received funding from the Olin Foundation, the Richard & Helen DeVos Foundation, the Bradley Foundation and the Castle Rock Foundation (Coors affiliated). The Network meets regularly to share strategies and coordinate activities. Through SPN’s network the different state membership groups lobby and organize on a local and state level for privatization of many public services including schools and mass transportation, deregulation of business, and opposition to organized labor. Back to Top SPN's Members and Associates: [partial list] Acton Institute Alabama Policy Institute American Legislative Exchange Council Allegheny Institute for Public Policy Americans for Tax Reform Arkansas Policy Foundation Atlas Economic Research Foundation Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation Cascade Policy Institute Commonwealth Foundation Competitive Enterprise Institute Foundation for Economic Education Foundation for Individual Rights in Education Georgia Public Policy Foundation Heartland Institute Heritage Foundation Institute for Justice Landmark Legal Foundation Mackinac Center for Public Policy National Center for Policy Analysis Pacific Legal Foundation Pacific Research Institute Pioneer Institute Reason Foundation Southeastern Legal Foundation Back to Top SPN Quotes: “The number of state think tanks has tripled during the past decade. In 1989, there were 12 independent, market-oriented, state-based public policy research organizations. Now there are 40 groups in 37 states, complementing the many national groups promoting free market policy solutions.” - From“About SPN: State Policy Network Background” Back to Top

	Students for Academic Freedom 1015 15th Street, NW, #900 Washington, DC 20005 www.studentsforacademicfreedom.org Founded: by David Horowitz in June 2003 National Campus Director: Sara Dogan (formerly Sara Russo) Affiliated with: David Horowitz, Center for the Study of Popular Culture, and Frontpagemag.com. SAF's Issues: SAF's Activities: SAF's Issues: SAF was created as part of a campaign by David Horowitz to pass the “Academic Bill of Rights” and combat liberalism and Democrats on college and university campuses. SAF’s founder David Horowitz claims that American colleges and universities are “indoctrination centers for the political left” and that many higher education professors “hate America.” SAF suggests that students investigate the professors at their schools for “bias” by searching voter registration records, create a spreadsheet of the data and send it to SAF. SAF claims that conservative students and professors are “blacklisted” at their colleges and universities. Back to Top SAF's Activities: SAF is promoting the “Academic Bill of Rights” nationwide to pressure schools that receive state funding to implement affirmative action-like programs to hire conservative professors. SAF claims that Georgia, Colorado and Mississippi are “on the verge” of getting legislators and university boards to ratify the bill. According to SAF, “Our goal is to get more than 500,000 signatures -- 10,000 per state -- to present to lawmakers, alumni, regents and administrations across the nation!” SAF organizes campus chapters. As of June 2004 they list chapters at 135 schools nationwide, including Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia, Duke, Brown, UCLA, UC-Berkeley, U. Wisconsin-Madison, Missouri, Emory, Georgia Tech, Michigan and American University. SAF distributes and promotes the booklet “Unpatriotic University” which Horowitz describes as “a wealth of information about the bias in hiring, the anti-American rhetoric, and the shutting out of conservative points of view both in classrooms and on speakers' platforms.” (Horowitz’s Center for the Study of Popular Culture publishes the booklet.) Promotes Front Page Magazine’s book store which includes titles such as David Horowitz’s “Hating Whitey and Other Progressive Causes,” books by Charles Murray, Sean Hannity, Daniel Pipes, as well as many anti-Islam and anti-Clinton books. Front Page Magazine publishes controversial columnist Ann Coulter. Updated July 2004 Back to Top

	Toward Tradition Since founding Toward Tradition, Rabbi Daniel Lapin has gone on to become one of the Religious Right’s favorite Rabbis for his efforts to broker an alliance between Jews and evangelical Christians over social issues. Lapin ran into a stumbling block over his connections to lobbyist Jack Abramoff. Toward Tradition PO Box 58 Mercer Island, WA 98040 Website: www.towardtradition.org President: Rabbi Daniel Lapin Chairman: Samuel H. Silver Founded: 1991 Board of Directors: Jim Aitkins, Dr. Brian Beckman, Ray Dally, Stanley Ellberger, Peter Huizenga, Cary H. Humphries, Lewis J. Kaufman, Michael Medved, Dr. Maria Ohm, Carl Pearlston, Jim Polack, Dr. Ed Pritzker, Dr. Martin Rabin, Dr. Daniel Schneeweiss, Abe Shamash, Carrie Simms, Leo Strauss, Kenneth VonKohorn, Don Wallis, Fred Weiss Membership: Range of membership levels from $18 to $1000 Finances: $561,427 (2003) Publications: America’s Real War, Buried Treasure, and Thou Shall Prosper, all by Rabbi Daniel Lapin, radio and television show Affiliate Groups: Cascadia Business Institute Purpose Activities About Rabbi Daniel Lapin Former Staff/Board Members Funding History Quotes Purpose Toward Tradition aims to promote “traditional values” within the context of Jewish and Judeo-Christian teachings. Some of these issues include faith-based principles of government, a strong military, a moral public culture, and free markets. Back to Top Activities Toward Tradition television show addresses issues involving “Faith, Family, Friends, and Fortune” with solutions from the Bible. Lapin lectures at synagogues across the country to present his ideas. He also has a weekly radio show. There are four segments of the organization. The Macabee Project aimed toward “combating anti-Jewish/anti-Christian bigotry; defending Christians unjustly accused of anti-Semitism.” The Biblical Blueprint Institute has a goal of “sharing ancient Jewish wisdom with all Americans through Rabbi Daniel Lapin’s Torah teaching.” The American Alliance of Jews and Christians is a “partnering of Jews and Christians to strengthen America and our allies.” The Ethical Capitalism Project focuses on “restoring American respect for the dignity and morality of business.” Lapin is a frequent speaker at Religious Right events and conferences including the Christian Coalition’s Road to Victory Conference, Massachusetts Family Institute, Mayday for Marriage rallies in Seattle, WA and Washington DC, the Judeo-Christian Alliance (CA) and the Family Research Council’s Pastor Briefing. Following the terrorist attack of September 11, Toward Tradition ran an ad in the November 13, 2001 edition of the New York Times calling for an “Urgent Alliance” of American Jews and Christians based on the observation that “a religious America is a safe America.” The press release describing the ad said they hoped it would “spark renewed commitment to the goal of saving America by reviving the place of religion in public life.” Back to Top About Rabbi Daniel Lapin Rabbi Daniel Lapin immigrated to the United States from South Africa in 1973. He founded the Pacific Jewish Center, a well-known Orthodox synagogue in Venice, California, along with conservative film critic Michael Medved. He and his family relocated to Washington State in 1991 to develop Toward Tradition. Lapin has taught at the Christian Coalition, U.S. Army, Harvard Law School, and the Family Research Council. He serves on the board of the Jewish Policy Center in Washington, DC, and was appointed by President Bush to the Commission for the Preservation of America’s Heritage Abroad on October 24, 2001. Back to Top Former Staff/Board Members Rabbi Lapin has close ties to lobbyist Jack Abramoff who served on Toward Tradition’s Board of Governors. Lapin introduced Abramoff to Rep. Tom DeLay (R-Texas). The connection between Abramoff and DeLay has been the subject of investigations by the Senate, the House, the Justice Department, and a federal grand jury. Abramoff has admitted that he funneled money through Toward Tradition in an effort to influence aides of Rep. Tom DeLay. Lapin says neither he nor his board knew the money was part of a scheme to influence Congress. Back to Top Funding Toward Tradition has received money from right-wing foundations including the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, the Scaife Family Foundation, and the Roe Foundation. Back to Top History Rabbi Daniel Lapin along with film critic and conservative author Michael Medved and lobbyist Jack Abramoff [source] founded Towards Tradition in 1991 in Washington State, where he also began his weekly radio talk show. In October of 1994, Toward Tradition, along with the Jewish Policy Center and the Claremont Institute sponsored a conference titled, Toward a New Alliance; American Jews and Political Conservatism. Featured panelists included Grover Norquist (Americans for Tax Reform) Ralph Reed (Christian Coalition) William Kristol (editor of the Weekly Standard) and David Horowitz (Center for the Study of Popular Culture), among others. Some 300 attendees strongly endorsed a right-wing social agenda and announced a call for a new alliance with the Religious Right. [Human Events, 10/28/94] Back to Top Quotes “We have a tough choice, I will concede. We can continue on with our secular society entirely stripped of faith or move toward a benign society that has returned to its Christian faith… We can only thrive under the conditions of law and order and we are here to affirm that our allies in returning America to these conditions are [Christian conservatives].” – Rabbi Daniel Lapin, quoted in Human Events, October 28, 1994 Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Traditional Values Coalition The Traditional Values Coalition (TVC) is a small but influential organization that appears to consist mostly of the Rev. Lou Sheldon and his daughter Andrea Sheldon Lafferty. Both are mainstays on the conservative circuit, though their reputation has been damaged by revelations that Lou Sheldon took money from disgraced lobbyist Jack Abramoff to help kill an anti-gambling bill that would have hurt one of Abramoff’s clients. Traditional Values Coalition 100 S. Anaheim Boulevard - Suite 320 Anaheim, CA 92805 Traditional Values Coalition 139 C Street SE Washington, DC 20003 Website: www.traditionalvalues.org Chairman/Founder: Rev. Louis P. Sheldon Executive Director: Andrea Sheldon Lafferty Date of founding: 1980 Membership: Claims over 43,000 churches nationwide representing 12 denominations Publications: Monthly letters are sent to pastors of member churches, along with action alerts and special letters from Founder “Lou” Sheldon. Occasionally publishes reports. Revenue: Traditional Values Coalition, its 501(c)4 organization - $6,389,448 (2004) [According to tax forms, TVC carried nearly $4 million in debt at the end of the year]; and Traditional Values Education & Legal Institute, its 501(c)3 arm - $716,032 [nearly $80,000 in debt] Media: Lou Sheldon and Andrea Lafferty have appeared on many mainstream news programs to discuss the TVC perspective on social issues. TVC also runs television ads during political campaigns. Affiliate organizations: Traditional Values Education & Legal Institute, the foundation arm of TVC, and the Task Force for the Preservation of the Heterosexual Ethic in America (defunct) Principal Issues Activities Quotes from Andrea Sheldon Lafferty Quotes from Rev. Louis P. Sheldon Principal Issues Traditional Values Coalition (TVC) describes itself as the largest church-lobby in the United States. TVC’s mission is “to restore America’s cultural heritage” by opposing gay and lesbian civil rights, reproductive freedom, the teaching of evolution in public schools, and sex education curricula that does not stress abstinence to the exclusion of information on birth control and disease prevention, and promotes prayer in schools. TVC is active both as a group that lobbies Congress and as a grassroots organization that gives marching orders to churches to oppose local, state, and federal legislation. TVC distributes information about gays and lesbians, often referring to gays and lesbians as “sexual predators” and “pedophiles.” TVC has also worked on issues relating to the dangers of pornography, including supporting the use of internet filters at public libraries. Under their “Judicial Nominee Monitoring Project” the group has lobbied for a conservative judicial system and right wing judicial nominees/appointments. Back to Top Activities TVC’s website includes an interactive guide to the presence or absence of Marriage Protection laws in each of the 50 states. Rev. Louis Sheldon was outraged by the 2005 decision of the San Francisco Superior Court to rule California’s gay marriage ban as unconstitutional, and along with TVC and other CA state legislators, has proposed two amendments that would protect marriage from being redefined by activist judges. TVC created a "Judge John Roberts Action Center" on a separate website, “Our Battle Plan,” where it provided talking points for proponents of Roberts, and admonished the “anti-God Left [that] has been using America’s courts to impose an anti-religion, anti-family agenda on America…” Before President Bush nominated Judge John Roberts to the Supreme Court, TVC promoted its “$4.5 Million Supreme Court Battle Plan” for a “massive national grassroots mobilization and media campaign to fight the radical left and pressure the Senate to confirm President Bush’s nominee.” Following Roberts’ nomination, TVC activated a “Supreme Court Nominee Action Center” urging its members to pray for Judge Roberts because “character assassins are already out in full force trying to destroy his chances of confirmation.” Members were asked to send pre-written “thank-you” letters to President Bush, praising his Supreme Court nominee choice. TVC actively lobbies against hate crime legislation because according to its executive director, hate crime legislation will be “used by homosexual activists to punish any person who has the courage to speak out against the recruitment of children by homosexuals." Most of TVC’s work is concerned with homosexuality, which it opposes by working against civil unions, supporting Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) statutes, and accusing gays and lesbians of “recruiting” children into homosexuality. TVC and many other Religious Right groups oppose the rules that prohibit churches from directly supporting political candidates, either through endorsement or campaign contributions. TVC was active in state battles over constitutional amendments outlawing civil rights protections for gays and lesbians in Colorado and Oregon. TVC has also helped organized anti-gay initiatives in California, Arizona, Missouri, and Washington. The group was instrumental in convincing the California State Board of Education to reject a health education curriculum that touched on such subjects as homosexuality and AIDS. TVC has also worked to preserve sodomy laws in California. TVC occasionally runs ads on televisions in elections in certain congressional districts. TVC offers a weekly e-mail service alerting constituents how their congressional representative voted on TVC issues. TVC operates an extensive “non-partisan” voter education program. During elections, TVC distributes district specific voter guides which featured side by side profiles of the candidate's positions and/or their voting records. Andrea Sheldon Lafferty, founder Louis Sheldon’s daughter, is a former Reagan administration official who works out of the TVC DC office as a Capitol Hill lobbyist. Back to Top Quotes from Andrea Sheldon Lafferty Andrea Sheldon Lafferty says supporters of hate crimes laws that include sexual orientation as a protected category "are trying to take a handful of hideous, horrible crimes and use that to force acceptance of the homosexual lifestyle." In reference to fetal tissue research, Lafferty says "I think we're going to have to apologize to the Nazis for this." Back to Top Quotes from Rev. Louis P. Sheldon “As Homosexuals continue to make inroads into public schools, more children will be molested and indoctrinated into the world of homosexuality. Many of them will die in that world.” (“Homosexuals Recruit Public School Children,” by Louis Sheldon, special report, Vol. 18, No. 11) “Americans should understand that their attitudes about homosexuality have been deliberately and deceitfully changed by a masterful propaganda/marketing campaign that rivals that of Adolph Hitler. In fact, many of the strategies used by homosexuals to bring about cultural change in America are taken from Hitler’s writings and propaganda welfare manuals.” (“Homosexual Propaganda Campaign Based on Hitler’s ‘Big Lie’ Technique,” by Louis Sheldon, special report, Vol. 18, No. 10) “Give us a few more years under the belt and we will learn how to replace many of the school board members. Give us more time to understand how the system works, and we’ll work the system even better than one could ever imagine.” (CNN News, September 9, 1990) “There is a war waging in America. The battle is over values, beliefs and the cultural basis of western civilization.... the elitist avant-garde arts community uses the NEA to advertise and disseminate their political beliefs. The NEA then uses our scarce tax dollars to fund works which are intended to shock Americans into an acceptance of dysfunctional behavioral lifestyles and to destroy the family.” (Hearing on the National Endowment for the Arts, April 1991) Updated: December 2006 Back to Top

	WallBuilders WallBuilders is an organization founded by Republican Party activist and self-proclaimed historian David Barton for the purpose of “educating the nation concerning the Godly foundation of our country.” Barton and his work are routinely cited by those on the Right who claim that the United States was founded by Christian men on explicitly Christian principles. WallBuilders PO Box 397 426 Circle Drive Aledo, TX 76008-0397 Website: www.wallbuilders.com Founder/President: David Barton Founded: 1989 Board of Directors: Rose Barton, Jeff Fisher, Richard Watson, Stephen McDowell (Providence Foundation) Finances: $1,450,327 (2004 revenue) Publications: Dozens of books, pamphlets, CDs, tapes, videos, and DVDs as well as articles and a quarterly newsletter. Purpose Activities History Quotes Purpose WallBuilders bills itself as an “organization dedicated to presenting America's forgotten history and heroes, with an emphasis on the moral, religious, and constitutional foundation on which America was built—a foundation which, in recent years, has been seriously attacked and undermined.” WallBuilders’ mission consists of “(1) educating the nation concerning the Godly foundation of our country; (2) providing information to federal, state, and local officials as they develop public policies which reflect Biblical values; and (3) encouraging Christians to be involved in the civic arena.” In this capacity, David Barton has established himself as the Right’s pre-eminent “historian” on the religious views of the Founding Fathers and their desire to establish a nation founded on Christian principles. Back to Top Activities WallBuilders produces and distributes dozens of books, DVDs, and other products that seek to apply “the lessons of our history to contemporary issues.” Among them are “Original Intent: The Courts, the Constitution, and Religion,” which claims that the Supreme Court has diluted “the Biblical foundations upon which [the Constitution] was based,” “Restraining Judicial Activism” which advocated the impeachment of federal judges, and “Setting the Record Straight: American History in Black & White” which bills itself as an examination of African American political history, but merely attempts to tie the Democratic Party of today to the evils of slavery, the Ku Klux Klan, and lynching. WallBuilders also annually hosts “Pastors’ Briefings” bringing ministers to Washington D.C. “for exclusive briefing sessions with some of the top Christian Senators and Representatives…serving in Congress. The Members brief pastors on a variety of issues related to Biblical values and share their hearts regarding their personal faith and its application in public office. Additionally, the Members impart practical information for pastors to carry home and implement in their communities and congregations.” As an added bonus, Barton personally leads a “Spiritual Heritage Tour of the U. S. Capitol” which is “hosted by a Member of Congress.” In addition, WallBuilders hosts annual “Pro-Family Legislators” conferences where right-wing legislators can meet to gain “a fresh perspective on the historical application of Scripture to public policy-making with a deeper look into what the Bible says about current issues” and meet other legislators to learn about right-wing legislation introduced elsewhere and “give and receive ideas for modeling legislation to avoid pitfalls and mistakes already made by others.” Barton also travels the country, giving hundreds of presentations a year to various groups. In 2003, he was hired by the Republican National Committee to share his brand of pseudo-history at some 100 RNC-sponsored events. Barton is also personally active in the Republican Party, having served as vice-chairman of the Texas Republican Party from 1998 until 2006. Back to Top History WallBuilders emerged out of Barton’s own research into a supposed correlation between the banning of prayer in public schools and a rise in alcohol consumption and crime rates. Despite the fact that Barton is not a historian and that his educational background is limited to a “Bachelor of Arts degree from Oral Roberts University and an Honorary Doctorate of Letters from Pensacola Christian College,” his work has been embraced by Right and hailed by the likes of James Dobson and Jerry Falwell. The name “Wallbuilders” was taken from the book of Nehemiah in the Old Testament: “the nation of Israel rallied together in a grassroots movement to help rebuild the walls of Jerusalem and thus restore stability, safety, and a promising future to that great city. We have chosen this historical concept of ‘rebuilding the walls’ to represent allegorically the call for citizen involvement in rebuilding our nation’s foundations.” Back to Top Quotes Sen. Bill Frist once praised Barton for his “detailed research into the religious heritage of our nation.” Sen. Sam Brownback stated that Barton’s “research provides the philosophical underpinning for a lot of the Republican effort in the country today -- bringing God back into the public square.” In 1995, Republican Senator Arlen Specter wrote in the Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy that many of Barton’s arguments “range from the technical to the absurd” and that they “proceed from flawed and highly selective readings of both text and history.” Specter went on to state that Barton’s “pseudoscholarship would hardly be worth discussing, let alone disproving, were it not for the fact that it is taken so very seriously by so many people.” Updated: September 2006 Back to Top

	Young America's Foundation F. M. Kirby Freedom Center 110 Elden Street, Suite A Herndon, VA 20170-4809 www.yaf.org www.reaganranch.org www.nationaljournalismcenter.org Founded: 1969 Finances: $11.1 million (2002 annual budget) President: Ron Robinson Staff: 36 Publications: Libertas, annual publication of Comedy and Tragedy, Trailblazers, Campus Impact Affiliated with: National Journalism Center, Reagan Ranch Center YAF’s Principal Issues: YAF’s Activities: YAF’s History: Quotes about YAF: YAF’s Principal Issues: From mission statement: “Young America’s Foundation is committed to ensuring that increasing numbers of young Americans understand and are inspired by the ideas of individual freedom, a strong national defense, free enterprise, and traditional values.” Major issues include: combating affirmative action, feminism, communism and Marxism. YAF was established to “counter-balance ‘New Left’ and Communist influence on campuses.” Reagan. In 1998 YAF purchased the “Western White House,” the California vacation ranch Reagan used as president. The foundation has raised millions of dollars to preserve Reagan’s southern California home. YAF also runs the Reagan Ranch Project at the historic site, which includes leadership training and lectures dedicated to continuing the legacy of President Reagan. Back to Top YAF’s Activities: YAF calls itself “The Voice of Freedom on Campus: America’s Largest Campus Outreach Program.” Provides assistance to college students and independent student groups in the form of guest lecturers, organizing and training seminars, networking opportunities, promotional merchandise, and other resources. The National Journalism Center maintains a job bank for college graduates and program alumni. YAF’s “Conservative Speakers Program” helps students bring controversial right-wing speakers to college campuses. Some of these speakers include: Ann Coulter, Alabama’s Judge Roy Moore, Ward Connerly, Phyllis Schlafly, Ralph Reed, Christina Hoff Sommers, Dinesh D’Souza, David Horowitz, Oliver North, Edwin Meese III, Dan Quayle, Robert Novak, Patrick Buchanan, Jack Kemp, Newt Gingrich, Rep. Steve Largent, Walter Williams, Bay Buchanan, Bob Barr, Jeane Kirkpatrick, Michael Medved, Ben Stein and Kenneth Starr. YAF sponsors the National Journalism Center (NJC). Established in 1977, the NJC sponsors trainings for aspiring student journalists and helps coordinate internships and permanent jobs for its alumni at many mainstream news outlets. YAF holds a national student conference each year, bringing in speakers, educational materials, and providing seminars to help educate America’s conservative youth. In 2003 their national conference guest speaker was Vice President Dick Cheney. YAF also hosts regional conferences and workshops. YAF’s “Club 100” awards the most active on their campuses by giving them points for holding events and hosting speakers. “Club 100” qualifiers get invitations to special networking events, free books, and free merchandise. YAF is a co-sponsor of the annual Conservative Political Action Conference held annually in Washington, DC. YAF compiles “Comedy and Tragedy,” a list of college courses being taught throughout the nation to allow parents and taxpayers to be aware of what their students are learning. Back to Top YAF’s History: Promoted Ronald Reagan for president in 1974. YAF’s early support and exposure is credited in some right-wing circles as helping Reagan get elected president in 1980. In 1979, YAF organized its first major conference to promote right-wing speakers and ideas. Early publications include: “Corporate Profits: Too Much or Not Enough?” and “Pacifism, An Anti-Christian Philosophy.” Back to Top Quotes about YAF: “The Young America’s Foundation programs offer invaluable assistance to the young men and women searching for the encouragement and understanding necessary to reinforce the values of a free society and individual responsibility. As young conservatives, you have a very special task before you – that of developing the political awareness of your fellow students.” -Ronald Reagan Updated July 2004 Back to Top

http://www.pfaw.org/pfaw/general/default.aspx?oid=3147

Video Links

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcZig9Fkr1A

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9pUogbYkoHc ~ Watch Bush and Kerry Admit They Are Skull Fuckers

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FXqJ4sC6EGs

http://www.freedomdomain.com

60 Minutes Report on Skull & Bones

http://www.puritans.net/news/bush022403.htm

http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/10/02/60minutes/main576332.shtml

http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/10/02/60minutes/printable576332.shtml

http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/10/02/60minutes/main576332.shtml

http://www.bilderberg.org/skulbone.htm#07

http://fpiarticle.blogspot.com/2005/09/bush-and-kerry-both-admit-to-being.html

http://www.zippyvideos.com/3446323063040976/skull-bones-part-one-hc/*wingover

http://freepressinternational.com/FPI/nfblog/category/skull-and-bones/

http://fpiarticle.blogspot.com/2004/11/msnbc-on-skull-and-bones-society.html

http://fpiarticle.blogspot.com/2006/01/inside-edition-yales-skull-and-bones.html

http://www.zippyvideos.com/6298532273041546/bones-skull-part-2-hc/*wingover

http://fpiarticle.blogspot.com/2004/11/ralph-nader-speaks-from-yales-tomb.html

http://www.youtube.com/watch.php?v=ym6rKp7_U4c

http://fpiarticle.blogspot.com/2005/10/yales-skull-and-bones-secret-society.html

http://www.secretsofthetomb.com/

http://www.fleshingoutskullandbones.com/

http://www.yaledailynews.com/article.asp?AID=15602

http://fpiarticle.blogspot.com/2004/11/bush-and-kerry-both-related-to-queen.html

http://www.freepressinternational.com/yale.html

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/12591414/

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/12591414/

http://fpidocument.blogspot.com/2005/12/call-911.html

http://freepressinternational.com/FPI/nfblog/911-press-for-truth

http://fpidocument.blogspot.com/

http://fpidocument.blogspot.com/2006/02/hunting-dick-cheney.html

http://freepressinternational.com/FPI/nfblog/

http://www.freepressinternational.com/wc.html

http://www.freepressinternational.com/illuminati-secrets-video.html

http://www.conspiracyarchive.com/NWO/Skull_Bones.htm

http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/8425/BONES.HTM

http://www.rotten.com/library/conspiracy/skull-and-bones

http://www.whitehouse.org/administration/skullandbones/index.asp

http://www.plim.org/SkullBones.htm

Bush Nazi Hitler Connection

Bush Cabinet - A following of losers

skull history

skull history 2

Bones Society

http://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Reports_indicate_Bush_appointing_friend_to_lead_Plame_inquiry

History of Bush or History of a Loser

Bones in Politics

http://www.wealth4freedom.com/truth/3/skullandbones.htm

http://www.wealth4freedom.com/truth/3/commiebones.htm

New World Order

Cartoon Network Promotes NWO To Kids

News Footage Dan Quayle's New World Order Speech

George W Bush & John Kerry Admit Skull & Bones Membership

NWO George Bush Senior Announces The New World Order

New World Order On CNN

New World Order Top Secret part 1

New World Order Top Secret part 2

Total Onslaught New World Order

United Nations Global Governance

The Creation of the Global Union

The UN - A Look Into the Future

Total Onslaught The UN Behind The Scenes

Shadows in motion - Exposing the New World Order

Alex Jones Police State 3 Total Enslavement Part 1

Alex Jones Police State 3 Total Enslavement Part 2

Alex Jones Police State 3 Total Enslavement Part 3

Alex Jones Matrix of Evil

Total Onslaught The UN And The Occult Agenda

Ex President's Quotes Confirming The Conspiracy

Final Warning Grant Jeffrey (video version of his book)

Countdown To The New World Order

Bilderberg On CNN

G W Bush - Order Of The Ages - Ancient Hope speech

Orwell Rolls In His Grave

Big Brother - Big Business CNBC

http://skullandcrossbones.org/articles/skullandbones.htm

• "Babylon: Secret Rituals of Illuminati" Leilah Publications, LLC (March 23, 2007) ISBN 141965456X
• U.S. President George H.W. Bush's NEW WORLD ORDER speech!
• Illuminati Archives Occult Conspiracy Enlightenment Site
• Loose Change Official Website Official site of the Loose Change video
• New World Order Quotes
• Revere Radio Network
• Illuminati Conspiracy Archive
• NWOWatcher
• NWO News Page
• VoxNews
• nw0.info - Archives of various radio shows and videos.
• New World Order
• Bilderberg: The secret Committee
• The High Cabal
• Information Clearing House
• 17 Techniques for Truth Suppression
• Bewareofthis.info
• New World Order Chat
• Trading in Death: Senators Criticize DARPA Futures Market Program - Corporations wanted to Bet on Future Terrorist Attacks assassinations and coups
• Free Press International
• Policing - United States - Corruption

Topics:

• About the Hegelian dialect, UN and Marxism in the NWO
• The Inevitable Dossier - A different interpretation of world governance
• The NWO's Final Plan of Conquest?
• Speech by President John F. Kennedy

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_World_Order_%28conspiracy%29"

http://rightweb.irc-online.org/analysis/2004/0404architecture.php

The Right's Architecture of Power

By Tom Barry | April 22, 2004

This is the third article in the Chronicle of the New American Century series written by Tom Barry for the Right Web project of the Interhemispheric Resource Center.)

Over the past three decades, the strategists and ideologues of the right wing have designed a new architecture of power. This architecture currently frames most of the country’s policy debate and has attracted the allegiance of most sectors of Corporate America. At the same time, it has mobilized a reactionary populist movement to support its anti-popular economic and undemocratic agenda. Following Bush’s 2000 election, this architecture of power also incorporated into its structure the Republican Party and the executive branch of our federal government.

The architecture of power is a work in progress. Its designers and planners, while loosely committed as a team to the same ideologies and political goals, work independently to bolster the structure of the right’s power and influence. Rather than operating from a single blueprint, these architects of power are constantly renovating and expanding their web of power in the form of new institutes, front groups, media outlets, and political projects.

The architecture of power is a post-modern structure that has no central office or main lobby, no fixed foundation, no elevator that takes you to different levels. Instead, it is an expansive complex that closely resembles a web whose principal skeins and cross-woven filaments constitute both its foundation and frame.

Within the United States, liberals and progressives have similar networks but none so immense, so closely knit, or so ideologically driven and so closely tied to the agendas of the most aggressive, reactionary sectors of Corporate America. When compared with the web of multidimensional movements and institutions of the right’s web of power, the other networks competing for public, corporate, and policymaker support seem more like aging cobwebs—which unless similarly invigorated by integrated ideologies and visions of the future may eventually be swept away.

The architects of power are not conspirators or members of a secret cabal. Rather they come from a long tradition of all leading political actors that have operated in all variegations of the broad political spectrum. They are a collection of ideologues, intellectuals, scholars, strategists, visionaries, demagogues, and political officials and political operatives that share common critiques of liberal and progressive policy paradigms and uphold the principles of a new radical conservatism. Over the last three decades, this architecture of power has, according to Chip Berlet of Political Research Associates, “yanked politics to the right.”

Dimensions of the Right’s Power Complex

The most potent force in this architecture of power is the package of cultural, economic, political, and military ideologies propagated by the right’s think tanks such as the American Enterprise Institute, Heritage Foundation, Hudson Institute, and Hoover Institution. Less prominent think tanks that advance neoconservative views on foreign policy include the Jamestown Foundation, Foreign Policy Research Institute, and the Manhattan Institute. Also important on the right but situated outside the neoconservative family is the prominent Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). Other less prominent foreign policy think tanks on the right are the Lexington Institute and the Nixon Center.

Closely connected to these think tanks are scores of policy institutes that address the core issues of the right’s agenda in international affairs. These include a set of militarist institutes such as the Center for Security Policy, National Institute for Public Policy, and the Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs. Second-tier institutes focused on military policy include High Frontier, U.S. Space Foundation, and National Strategy Information Center.

One of the major achievements of the neoconservatives has been the integration of social conservatives, the religious right, and foreign policy hawks. Key to this success have been a small circle of interlinked neocon institutes including Empower America, Institute for Religion and Democracy, and the Institute for Religion and Public Life. Among the prominent neoconservatives associated with these institutes that promote the superiority of Judeo-Christian values and culture are Michael Novak, William Bennett, Hillel Fradkin, George Weigel, Elliott Abrams, and Richard Neuhaus.

Running in tandem with the right’s think tanks and policy institutes are its regionally focused advocacy groups and front groups. Some of these are permanent institutions such as the Middle East Forum and Washington Institute for Near East Affairs. One of the newest and fastest growing policy institutes is the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, which like all neocon institutes and think tanks backs a right-wing Zionist agenda in the Middle East.

A more transient component of this architecture of power includes ad hoc citizen committees created to give the impression of broad public support for particular legislation and objectives. The latter sector includes such groups as the U.S. Committee on NATO, Project on Transitional Democracies, Americans for Peace in Chechnya, Committee for the Liberation of Iraq, U.S. Committee for a Free Lebanon, and the Coalition for Democracy in Iran. Neocon operatives such as Bruce Jackson, Randy Scheunemann, Gary Schmitt, and Michael Ledeen are the central figures in most of these ad hoc groups.

While some of them are strictly neocon affairs, others function as front groups that aim to build bipartisan support for their objectives. Conservative Democratic Party figures such as Senator Joseph Lieberman and Progressive Policy Institute president Will Marshall are found in such neocon front groups as the Committee for the Liberation of Iraq.

The right’s architecture of power extends into the infrastructure of the U.S. government. In the late 1990s, the two congressionally organized commissions on missile defense and space weapons chaired by Donald Rumsfeld were organized by legislators associated with such neoconservative institutes as the Center for Security Policy. Neoconservatives and their supporters have also been key to the establishment of several permanent government or quasi-government agencies, including U.S.-China Commission, U.S. Commission on Religious Freedom, and the National Endowment for Democracy.

Getting the Message Right

Neoconservatives have a long tradition in publishing, dating back to the involvement of neocon forerunners in such anticommunist magazines as Encounter and right-wing Zionist magazines like Commentary. Today, the Weekly Standard, closely associated with the ideological agendas of the Project for the New American Century and the American Enterprise Institute, has established itself as the leading political voice of the neoconservatives. Commentary served until the late 1980s as the flagship publication of neoconservatism, but its influence among both neoconservatives and the Washington policy community has now been far surpassed by the Weekly Standard.

Owned by Rupert Murdoch’s News Corporation, the Weekly Standard regularly features Project for the New American Century analysts such as Reuel Marc Gerecht, Ellen Bork (daughter of AEI scholar and prominent Federalist Society member Robert Bork), Gary Schmitt, and Thomas Donnelly in addition to founders Kristol and Kagan. According to the Nation magazine’s media critic Eric Alterman: “The magazine speaks directly to and for power. Anybody who wants to know what this administration is thinking and what they plan to do has to read this magazine.”1

From the perspective of Old Guard conservative Paul Gottfried, neoconservatives beginning in the late 1980s took control of the “New York-Washington” media corridor. Old Guard conservatives and paleoconservatives could no longer find an outlet for their analysis, even in the letters section of National Review, which had veered toward neoconservatism as has the Wall Street Journal. As Gottfried observed in 1993, neocons not only dominated the right’s main journals and magazines, they also raised prominent voices on the editorial pages of traditionally liberal media such as the Washington Post, New Republic, and Atlantic.2 In syndicated columns and national radio and television programs, such neoconservative analysts as Charles Krauthammer, Ben Wattenberg, Linda Chavez, William Bennett, and Morton Kronracke have injected neoconservative thinking into the mainstream of the American body politic.

Other right-wing publications with a marked neoconservative perspective include Public Interest, with founder and senior editorial associate Irving Kristol, American Spectator, with chief editor R. Emmett Tyrell, Jr. and board members Richard V. Allen and Jeane Kirkpatrick, and Washington Times, owned by Reverend Moon and featuring Frank Gaffney, a prominent PNAC associate and head of the Center for Security Policy.3 Also key to the neoconservative information network are publishers that cater to neoconservative authors. Encounter Books, a San Francisco publishing house run by Peter Collier, produces a steady stream of books by neoconservative authors in collaboration with such entities as the Project for the New American Century and Commentary.4

Center of the Neocon Matrix

At the center of the architectureof power are two closely associated institutions: American Enterprise Institute and the Project for the New American Century (PNAC).

PNAC’s offices are located in what seems to be the core of the neoconservative matrix. Entering the 12-story building in downtown Washington, you see the office directory, which includes the stellar lineup of American Enterprise Institute scholars including Irving Kristol and Robert Bork. Like many neoconservative institutes, the AEI lost many of its best and brightest hawks and ideologues to the Bush II administration.

One has only to examine the American Enterprise Institute to appreciate the degree to which Corporate America has aligned itself with the right’s think tanks. Its board of directors includes the CEOs of such corporations as ExxonMobil, Motorola, American Express, State Farm Insurance, and Dow Chemical. Its board of trustees is also littered with corporate representatives, although a couple of the most prominent or infamous of them have left the board, such as Halliburton’s Richard Cheney and Enron’s Kenneth Lay. Expanding upon the existing stream of donations from the nation’s leading right-wing foundations, the AEI has achieved a diversified funding base among corporations from just about every sector of the economy—ranging from General Electric and AT&T to Ford and General Motors to Amoco and Shell to Morgan Guarantee Trust and American Express.5

Many former AEI minds now at work implementing the peace-through-war/Pax Americana strategy of the Bush administration previously worked with the PNAC coalition, including Vice President Cheney, Undersecretary of State for Arms Control John Bolton, and Director of International Broadcasting Seth Cropsey. Other PNAC-AEI members have retained their ties with these neoconservative organizations while serving on administration advisory boards, including Jeane Kirkpatrick, Eliot Cohen, and the omnipresent Richard Perle. A quick scan of the list of AEI scholars and officers in the lobby’s office directory reveals at least a dozen PNAC associates, including such luminaries as Joshua Muravchik and Michael Novak. PNAC’s Middle East director Reuel Marc Gerecht and PNAC’s military analyst Thomas Donnelly number among the AEI associates who have signed PNAC’s public statements.6

Conveniently located in this neoconservative warren is the Philanthropy Roundtable, a right-wing association of foundations that split from the Council of Foundations in the early 1980s. Just as the Business Roundtable was created to unite Corporate America around conservative policy agendas, the Philanthropy Roundtable joined the counter-establishment matrix in the tradition of “shadow liberalism”—creating institutions and campaigns that parallel those of liberals and progressives.

Michael Joyce, longtime president (1986-2000) of the Bradley Foundation, served until 2003 as chair of the Roundtable’s board of directors.7 Bill Kristol, like his father, has cultivated close ties with Bradley and other right-wing foundations that now exhibit a decidedly neoconservative cast.8 Joyce feels it was inevitable that Bush would embrace the neoconservative agenda. “I’m not sure September 11 did more than push the timetable up,” Joyce noted.9

Commenting on the special role of right-wing foundations, Michael Grebe, current president of the Bradley Foundation and one of the five directors of the Philanthropy Roundtable, said: “We have a role in sustaining a conservative intellectual infrastructure.” To that end, Bradley granted AEI $14 million between 1985 and 2002, and during the same period AEI received $6.5 million from the Olin Foundation.10 A handful of archconservative foundations not only sustain the right-wing power complex but form part of the architecture of power through revolving door relationships. Michael Joyce, for example, beyond just providing start-up funding for Kristol’s Project for the Republican Future and PNAC, is a signatory of PNAC statements, a trustee of Freedom House, and a member or past member of various presidential and national commissions. Richard Mellon Scaife, who heads the Scaife family foundations and is a major PNAC supporter, was a member of the second Committee on the Present Danger and has been a trustee of the Hoover Institution and the Heritage Foundation.

Right-wing foundations have provided the start-up funding to get PNAC, AEI, and most other idea brokers of the right-wing’s power complex into high gear. Although early right-wing donors such as Coors and Amway have dropped off, the top tier of the right’s think tank all continue to drink from the same collective trough of right-wing foundations. The Bradley, Sarah Scaife, Olin, and Castle Rock foundations all funded the American Enterprise Institute, Heritage Foundation, Hudson Institute, Hoover Institution, and Manhattan Institute in the 1997-2001 period.

PNAC “Set the Table” for Bush Administration’s Foreign Policy
With funding from the Bradley Foundation, William Kristol established the Project for the Republican Future in 1993 in anticipation of the 1994 congressional elections. Following the resounding victory of right-wing Republicans, he founded Weekly Standard in 1995 in the vacated offices of the Project for the Republican Future. The next year Kristol and Robert Kagan established the Project for the New American Century, which describes itself as a “nonprofit educational organization supporting American military, diplomatic, and moral leadership.”

A wide range of neoconservatives, representatives from the social conservative right, and leading national security hawks coalesced around PNAC. Its founding statement of principles, signed by several individuals who would later become high officials in Bush II’s foreign policy team (Rumsfeld, Cheney, Abrams, Dobriansky, Libby, Wolfowitz, Khalilzad, Rodman, and Friedberg) was a document aimed at reinvigorating and uniting U.S. citizens around a new vision of America that brimmed with confidence and moral conviction.11

As Kristol and Kagan apparently recognized early on, the Project for the New American Century—with its focus on American supremacy and moral clarity—had all the right ingredients of a unifying ideology for a powerful new front group that could spearhead an elite social movement for radical political change. Although intent on establishing the vision and building blocks for a bold new foreign and military policy, the PNAC 1997 statement of principles avoided the type of provocative language that was common stock in neoconservative publications and in-house think tank policy briefs. There was no mention of a proposed security strategy driven by U.S. supremacy, no allusion to empire, and no explicit suggestion that the post-World War II framework of multilateralism should be tossed in the waste bin of history. Although Wolfowitz, Cheney, Khalilzad, and Libby—the team that fashioned the 1992 Defense Planning Guidance—signed PNAC’s statement of principles, the unifying document remained within the traditional “peace through strength” framework and omitted any language that would have explicitly foreshadowed PNAC’s agenda of preemptive strikes, regime change, and other measures to block any challenges to U.S. supremacy in the next century.

PNAC succeeded in integrating the various tendencies and diverse expertise found within neoconservatism, uniting political intellectuals associated with neocon publications (Norman Podhoretz and William Kristol), scholars (Eliot Cohen and Francis Fukuyama), military strategists (Paul Wolfowitz and Zalmay Khalilzad), and cultural/religious warriors (William Bennett and George Weigel). Among its 27 founding members, including cochairs Kristol and Kagan, only a handful of individuals didn’t match the neoconservative prototype although all shared in the agendas and new ideological vision of American supremacisim as articulated by the neocon political and military strategists.

The two most prominent in the small number of exceptions—Dick Cheney and Donald Rumsfeld—came to their right-wing internationalism more by way of their ties with multinational corporations and the globalizing military-industrial complex, high-tech industries, and energy businesses. Both Cheney and Rumsfeld were corporate CEOs when they signed the PNAC charter.

Albeit sparsely represented, right-wing social conservatives closely associated with the Christian Right constituted another important sector in the PNAC coalition. Among those representing the social conservative faction were Gary Bauer, former director of the Family Research Council, and former Vice President Dan Quayle, as well as two other prominent cultural warriors: cofounder of Empower America and former Representative Vin Weber and Steve Forbes. Forbes, the quintessential corporate conservative, was also a former Empower America director and is associated with other right-wing social conservative and economic libertarian institutes. In 2002 Forbes, with his neocon colleagues, was a founding director of the pro-Likud Foundation for the Defense of Democracies. As PNAC continues to issue new public declarations, it has maintained its strong neoconservative backbone while integrating top figures from other sectors of the right-wing’s power complex.

PNAC’s Executive Director Gary Schmitt once boasted that PNAC “helped set the table” for new policy decisions “by setting the agenda up.” Other factors that the none-too-modest Schmitt cites for PNAC’s success include: “We are articulate; we are very smart about when to say things and how to say it; and do have the advantage of an echo effect—if I write something, it may be picked up by the Weekly Standard or repeated by Bill or Bob in various media forums.”

Ideology of Power

Contrary to prevailing academic notions that hold that extreme political movements always revert to moderation, the right wing has maintained an evolving set of radical ideologies and strategies. Despite its extremist ideologies and policy agendas, the right-wing’s architecture of power does not operate on the edges of mainstream society and politics but stands at the very center of our society. Like all social/political movements, the right wing’s institutional web and its populist constituencies seek political and social power. Over the past three decades the right-wing institutions and associated populist backlash movements have succeeded in undermining liberal policy frameworks and establishing its radicalism as accepted political discourse.

Lately, the right-wing’s architecture of power has reformulated its concept of power—no longer merely as holding political power but now as a core ideological concept. In other words, the right-wing’s architecture of power since the late 1990s not only seeks increased political power and influence but is propagating an ideology of power that holds that U.S. supremacy—cultural, moral, military, economic, and diplomatic—is a self-evident truth and right.

(Tom Barry is Policy Director of the Interhemispheric Resource Center (IRC), online at www.irc-online.org . He is the founder of Foreign Policy In Focus and directs the IRC’s Right Web project.)

Also See:

Tom Barry, “Iraq War Product of Neocon Philosophy of Intelligence,” online at:
http://rightweb.irc-online.org/analysis/2004/0402pi.php

Tom Barry, “One Year After the Invasion: Baghdad and Beyond,” online at: http://rightweb.irc-online.org/analysis/2004/0403anniv.php

References:

1 David Carr, “White House Listens When Weekly Speaks,” New York Times, March 11, 2003 .

2 Paul Gottfried, The Conservative Movement, Revised Edition (New York: Twayne Publishers, 1993), p. 151.

3 Publication committee members of Public Interest include Nicholas Eberstadt, Roger Hertog, Leon Kass, Charles Krauthammer, William Kristol, and other neoconservatives.

4 Encounter authors include Norman Podhoretz, William Kristol, Ronald Radosh, Joshua Muravchik, Leon Kass, Peter Collier, David Horowitz, Steven Mosher, and Robert Kagan. Encounter published The Mideast Peace Process (2003) in collaboration with Commentary, and Present Dangers (2000) in collaboration with the Project for the New American Century. Another PNAC collaboration was a “just-in-time” book arguing for a U.S. invasion of Iraq : Lawrence F. Kaplan and William Kristol, The War Over Iraq:Saddam’s Tyranny and America’s Mission (2003).

5 “American Enterprise Institute,” Right Web Profile ( Interhemispheric Resource Center , November 2003); Also see: www.democracyunbound.com/aei.html.

6 Other AEI associates who are also associated with PNAC through their sign-on statements include Nicholas Eberstadt, Danielle Pletka, and William Schneider.

7 For more on the influence of Michael S. Joyce, see: Elizabeth Greene, “Reinventing Philanthropy on the Right,” Chronicle of Philanthropy, August 23, 2001; Also see “The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation,” at www.mediatransparency.org/funders/bradley_foundation.htm; Sally Covington, Moving A Public Policy Agenda: The Strategic Philanthropy of Conservative Foundations (New York: National Committee for Responsive Philanthropy, July 1997); and Bruce Murphy, “Neoconservative Clout Seen In U.S. Iraq Policy,” Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, April 5, 2003, at: www.jsonline.org.com/news/gen/apr03/.

8 Right Web Profiles (Interhemispheric Resource Center , November 2003); Mediatransparency.org. The other major right-wing foundations— Carthage , Earhart, Smith Richardson, JM Foundation—have also funded most of these same think tanks.

9 Bruce Murphy, “Neoconservative Clout Seen In U.S. Iraq Policy,” Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, April 5, 2003 , at: www.jsonline.org.com/news/gen/apr03/.

10 Shawn Zeller, “Conservative Crusaders: Unlike some of their more liberal counterparts, conservative foundations aren’t bashful about trying to promote their causes in Washington—from school vouchers to Social Security privatization,” National Journal, April 26, 2003.

11 Other signatories of PNAC’s “Statement of Principles” also joined the Bush administration as members of important advisory committees and quasi-governmental agencies, including Eliot Cohen, Dan Quayle, Henry Rowen, and Fred Iklé as members of Rumsfeld’s Defense Policy Board; Vin Weber and Francis Fukuyama as NED chair and board member, respectively; and Fukuyama on the Commission on Bioethics. Stephen Rosen continued serving as a member of the U.S.-China Commission.

Published by the Right Web Program at the Interhemispheric Resource Center (IRC). ©2004. All rights reserved.

Recommended citation:
Tom Barry, "The Right's Architecture of Power ," IRC Right Web (Silver City, NM: Interhemispheric Resource Center, April 22, 2004).

Web location:
http://rightweb.irc-online.org/analysis/2004/0404architecture.php

Production information:
Author: Tom Barry, IRC
Layout: Tonya Cannariato, IRC

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Freemason And Illuminati

Freemasonry From Darkness To Light

The Emissaries of Jahbulon

The Light Behind Masonry

Invisibly Visible Identifying Masonic Symbols

Americas Secret Destiny

Masonry-Behind Closed Doors

The Light Behind Masonry

The Emissaries of Jahbulon

Secret Mysteries of America's Beginnings

The Illuminati Our Secret Masters

Top 13 Illuminati Bloodlines

Exposing The Illuminati From Within Part 1

Exposing The Illuminati From Within Part 2

The Illuminati 2005 openyoureyes part 1

The Illuminati 2005 openyoureyes part 2

The Illuminati 2005 openyoureyes part 3

The Illuminati 2005 openyoureyes part 4

Secrets of the Illuminati Revealed

Hidden Agenda Illuminati Contol of Society

Illuminati Hidden Elite

The Da VInci Deception

Fahrenheit 322

Angels and Demons Revealed

JFK's Speech on Secret Societies


911 Terrorism

Alex Jones Masters of Terror

911 The News Special You Never Saw

911 Painful Questions

911 The Great Illusion Part 1

911 The Great Illusion Part 2

TerrorStorm Alex Jones

911 in plane sight Part 1

911 in plane sight Part 2

911 Loose Change Truth about 911

The Truth About The London Bombings

Building 7

End Times


The Final Events Of Bible Prophecy

The march to Armageddon

The Doomsday Code

Hate Laws Making Criminals of Christians

END TIMES PROPHECY MOVIE - Apocalypse 1 - Caught In The Eye of The Storm

END TIMES PROPHECY MOVIE - Apocalypse 2 - Revelation

END TIMES PROPHECY MOVIE - Apocalypse 3 - Tribulation

END TIMES PROPHECY MOVIE - Apocalypse 4 - Judgement

END TIMES PROPHECY MOVIE The Omega Code

END TIMES PROPHECY MOVIE Vanished

Signs Of The Last Days

Rush To Armageddon 10 Prophetic Signs

END TIMES PROPHECY MOVIE Left Behind

END TIMES PROPHECY MOVIE Left Behind II Tribulation Force

END TIMES PROPHECY MOVIE Left Behind III World At War

Mark Of The Beast And Verichip

666 Is this implantable chip the mark of the Beast News Clips Promote Human Implantable Microchips

End Times Prophecy Movie Six - The Mark Unleashed

Technology And The Mark of The Beast

Alex Jones Cashless Society

Welcome To The Machine

Artificial Intelligence And The Beasts System

Verichip - Irate Cinema Underground

Verichip - More Promotional News Clips

Verichip On Google Current

Verichipped At Baja Beach Club

Why You Should Refuse To Be Microchipped

End Times Classic - A Thief In The Night Series - 1 - A Thief In The Night(1972)

End Times Classic - A Thief In The Night Series - 2 - A Distant Thunder(1977)

End Times Classic - A Thief In The Night Series - 3 - Image Of The Beast(1981)

End Times Classic - A Thief In The Night Series - 4 - Prodigal Planet(1983)

UFO



Stewart Best - Gateway Four

Chuck Missler Return Of The Nephilim

Other

Genesis 6 Sons of God Daughters of Men & the Nephilim (FULL)

Kevin Trudeau - Talks about his book Natural Cures They Dont Want You To Know About

Inside The Homosexual Agenda - Gay Rights

Derren Brown Demonstrates How you are subliminally controlled 1

Derren Brown Demonstrates How you are subliminally controlled 2

Fluoride Deception



AIDS - Fact Or Fiction

The Origins of AIDS

The Trouble With Sugar

Sweet Misery - The Aspartame Conspiracy

Schools Dumb Down Kids

Conspiracy Of Silence

Angels Don't Play This Haarp

Indoctrinating Our Youth In Earth Worship

The Trials Of Henry Kissinger

Truth About New Age Bible Versions

Truth Behind Hip Hop

The Subversive Use of Symbolism in the Media Part 1

The Subversive Use of Symbolism in the Media Part 2

The Subversive Use of Symbolism in the Media Part 3

The Subversive Use of Symbolism in the Media Part 4

The Subversive Use of Symbolism in the Media Part 5

The Subversive Use of Symbolism in the Media Part 6

How Can We Raise Godly Children

Satan's Kingdom

Christmas Unwrapped - The truth About Christmas

The Truth About Vaccines Part 1

The Truth About Vaccines Part 2

Dick Cheney The Unauthorised Biography (Fixed)

Cell Phones What They Didnt Tell You Dr. Nick Begich

The Nephilim Walk Among Us Again

US Media Spin - How The Media Lies To You

Astronauts Gone Wild (2004) Investigation Into The Authenticity Of The Moon Landing

The Genetic Takeover Or Mutant Food

The Corporation

The Reality Of War

The Coming Financial collapse Of America

Harry Potter - A Spirit Conspiracy

Suspect Nation

Bush Skull & Bones Appointments

William H. Donaldson became the 27th Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on February 18, 2003

The Skulls - Small Powerful and Sick

Founders

• William Huntington Russell (1833), Connecticut State Legislator; cousin of Samuel Russell who allegedly established Russell and Company for the "purpose of acquiring opium in Turkey and smuggling it to China"
• Alphonso Taft (1832), U.S. Attorney General (1876-1877); Secretary of War (1876); Ambassador to Austria-Hungary (1882) and Russia (1884-1885); father of William Howard Taft

List of Notable Members

Athletics

• Walter Camp (1880), Founder of the first national collegiate football All-American squad
• Clint Frank (1938), 1937 Heisman Trophy winner
• Larry Kelley (1937), 1936 Heisman Trophy winner
• Amos Alonzo Stagg (1888), One of the all-time winningest college football coaches
• George W. Woodruff (1889), College Hall of Fame football coach, Acting Secretary of the Interior and Pennsylvania state attorney-general

Business

• Frederick Baldwin Adams (1900), Chairman of the West Indies Sugar Corp.
• Thomas Cochran (1904), JP Morgan partner
• Alfred Cowles (1913), Founder of the Cowles Commission
• Henry P. Davison Jr. (1920), Senior partner at JP Morgan Guaranty Trust Company
• Artemus Gates (1918), President of New York Trust Company, Union Pacific Railroad, TIME-Life, and Boeing Company
• Robert Gow (1955), Business associate of George H. W. Bush; president of Bush's Zapata Oil
• E. Roland Harriman (1917), Businessman; railroad executive; president of American Red Cross
• Pierre Jay (1892), First chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York
• Franc Kahn, Heir to Kahn Brothers Securities & Investments Group
• H. Neil Mallon (1917), CEO of Dresser Industries where Prescott Bush served on the Board for 22 years along with E. Roland Harriman; gave George H.W. Bush his first job in 1948; namesake for Bush's son Neil Mallon Bush; "tried to be helpful to Allen Dulles in the CIA, especially in the procurement of individuals to serve in that important agency"
• Percy Rockefeller (1900), Director of Brown Brothers Harriman, Standard Oil, and Remington Arms
• Frederick W. Smith (1966), Founder of FedEx
• Harold Stanley (1908), Founder of investment house Morgan Stanley
• Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt (1898), Son of Cornelius Vanderbilt II; brother of Gertude Vanderbilt Whitney
• George Herbert Walker, Jr. (1927), Financier and co-founder of the New York Mets; uncle to President George Herbert Walker Bush
• Frederick E. Weyerhaeuser (1896), Heir to the Weyerhaeuser Paper Co.
• Harry Payne Whitney (1894), Husband of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney; investment banker
• Dean Witter, Jr. (1944), Son of the founder of investment house Dean Witter Reynolds

Education

• R. Inslee Clark, Jr. (1957), Director of Undergraduate Admissions who helped Yale become coeducational; former Headmaster of Horace Mann School
• Timothy Dwight V (1849), Yale acting Treasurer 1887-1889, Yale President 1886-1899
• John E. Ecklund (1938), Yale Treasurer 1966-1978; Partner in Bones-dominated New Haven law firm Dana & Wiggin
• Charles Stafford Gage (1925), Yale Treasurer 1954-1966; member of Bones family firm Mathiesson Chemical
• Daniel Coit Gilman (1852), Studied at the University of Berlin (1854-1855) under Karl Von Ritter and Friedrich Trendelenderg; attache to the American legation at St. Petersburg; 2nd President of the University of California; 1st President of Johns Hopkins University; President of the Carnegie Institution
• Arthur T. Hadley (1876), Yale acting Treasurer 1909-1910,; Yale President 1899-1921
• Henry Coit Kingsley (1834), Yale Treasurer 1862-1887; Daniel Coit Gilman's uncle
• Charles Seymour (1908), President of Yale 1937-1951
• Lawrence G. Tithe (1916), Yale Treasurer 1942-1954; Director/Partner Brown Brothers Harriman
• Andrew Dickson White (1853), Co-founder and first President of Cornell University

Government and Politics

• Victor Ashe (1967), Tenn. State House (1968-1975); Tenn. State Senate (1976-1984); Mayor of Knoxville, Tenn. (1988-2003); appointed Ambassador to Poland (2004-Present) by George W. Bush
• Roy Leslie Austin (1968), Appointed ambassador to Trinidad and Tobago by George W. Bush
• Howard M. Baldridge (1918) - U.S. Representative (R-Nebraska 1931-1933)
• Simeon Eben Baldwin (1861), Governor and Chief Justice, State of Connecticut; son of Roger Sherman Baldwin
• Jonathan Brewster Bingham (1936), U.S. Representative (D-New York 1965-1983); Council on Foreign Relations
• William Bissell, Governor of Illinois (1857-1860); brother of Richard M. Bissell, Jr.)
• David Boren (1963), Governor of Oklahoma, U.S. Senator, President of the University of Oklahoma
• Augustus Brandegee (1849), Speaker of the Connecticut State Legislature in 1861
• Frank Bosworth Brandegee (1885), U.S. Representative (R-Connecticut 1902-1905); U.S. Senator (R-Connecticut 1905-1924)
• James L. Buckley (1944), U.S. Senator (R-New York 1971-1977)
• McGeorge Bundy (1940), Special Assistant for National Security Affairs; National Security Advisor; Professor of History
• William P. Bundy (1939), State Department liaison for the Bay of Pigs invasion
• George H. W. Bush (1948), 41st President of the United States; 43rd Vice-President of the United States; son of Prescott Bush; father of George W. Bush
• George W. Bush (1968), 43rd President of the United States; Governor of Texas
• Prescott Bush (1916), Father of George H.W. Bush, grandfather of George W. Bush
• John Chafee (1947), U.S. Senator; Secretary of the Navy and Governor of Rhode Island; father of Lincoln Chafee
• John Sherman Cooper (1923), U.S. Senator (R-Kentucky 1946-1949, 1952-73); member of the Warren Commission
• Hugh Cunningham (1934), Rhodes Scholar; CIA
• F. Trubee Davison (1918), Director of Personnel at the CIA
• Endicott Peabody Davison (1948), George H.W. Bush lawyer
• Chauncey Depew (1855), U.S. Senator (R-New York 1899-1911)
• Richard Dale Drain (1943), CIA; co-authored early paper proposing the Bay of Pigs invasion, "A Program of Covert Action against the Castro Regime"
• William Henry Draper III (1950), Chair of United Nations Development Programme and Import-Export Bank of the United States
• William Maxwell Evarts (1837), U.S. Secretary of State; Attorney General; Senator; grandson of Roger Sherman
• Evan G. Galbraith (1950), Ambassador to France; managing director of Morgan Stanley
• William Henry Gleason (1853), Lt. Governor of Florida; founder of Eau Gallie, Florida; lawyer and land speculator
• Averell Harriman (1913), U.S. Ambassador and Secretary of Commerce; Governor of New York; Chairman and CEO of the Union Pacific Railroad, Brown Brothers & Harriman, and the Southern Pacific Railroad; wife Pamela Churchill Harriman helped fund Bill Clinton's presidential campaign
• H. J. Heinz II (1931), Heir to H. J. Heinz Company; father of H. John Heinz III
• William Jorden (1925), U.S. Ambassador to Panama; National Security Council
• John Kerry (1966), U.S. Senator (D-Massachusetts 1985-present); Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts 1983-1985; 2004 Democratic Presidential nominee
• Charles Edwin Lord (1949), U.S. Comptroller of the Currency
• Winston Lord (1959), Chairman of Council on Foreign Relations; Ambassador to China; Assistant U.S. Secretary of State
• Robert A. Lovett (1918), Partner of Prescott Bush at Brown Brothers Harriman; Secretary of Defense; "Father of the CIA"
• Robert McCallum, Jr (1968), Ambassador to Australia
• Lee McClung (1892), Yale Treasurer 1904-1909; U.S. Treasurer 1909-1912
• Gifford Pinchot (1889), First Chief of U.S. Forest Service
• Dino Pionzio (1950), CIA Deputy Chief of Station during Allende overthrow
• Potter Stewart (1936), U.S. Supreme Court Justice
• William Howard Taft (1878), 27th President of the United States; Chief Justice of the United States; Secretary of War; son of Alphonso Taft
• Robert A. Taft (1910), U.S. Senator (R-Ohio 1939-1953)
• Morrison R. Waite (1837), U.S. Supreme Court Justice
• Howard Weaver (1945), CIA
• Edward Baldwin Whitney (1878), New York Supreme Court Justice
• William Collins Whitney (1863), U.S. Secretary of the Navy; New York City financier

Publications and Writing

• Amory Howe Bradford (1934), General manager for the New York Times; CIA
• William F. Buckley, Jr. (1950), Founder of National Review; author; CIA
• Russell Davenport (1923), Editor of Fortune magazine; created Fortune 500 list
• Briton Hadden (1920), Co-founder of Time-Life Enterprises
• Henry Luce (1920), Co-founder of Time-Life Enterprises
• Archibald MacLeish (1915), Poet and author
• F. O. Matthiessen, Historian; literary critic
• David McCullough (1955), U.S. historian; two-time Pulitzer Prize winner
• Donald Ogden Stewart (1916), Author; screenwriter; Academy Award winner for The Philadelphia Story

Science and Engineering

• John Rockefeller Prentice (1928), Grandson of John D. Rockefeller; pioneer of artificial insemination in farm animals as a means of improving their genetic pool

YALE'S SKULL & BONES SOCIETY MEMBERS

http://www.biblebelievers.org.au/bones.htm

By Eric Samuelson, J.D.

I am presently researching a biography on David Rockefeller. An overview of the book will soon be sent to a New York City agent for circulation among all the major publishing houses. Among the topics that will be covered is the role of British USA Round Table member Rep. Wayne Hays (Demo-Ohio) in "killing" the Reece Committee investigation of tax-exempt foundations, the disappearance of the research on the Rockefeller-funded Kinsey studies and the "disposal" threats made to Reece Investigator Norman Dodd by a lobbyist for the Anti-Defamation League (ADL).

In 1986, Hoover scholar Antony C. Sutton published his "magnum opus" - AMERICA'S SECRET ESTABLISHMENT: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ORDER OF SKULL AND BONES. In his preface Sutton said he had been given an eight-inch batch of documents which was "nothing less than the membership lists of an American secret society. Glancing through the sheets it was more than obvious -- this was no ordinary group. The names spelled Power with a capital P." Throughout the book Sutton hinted at even deeper revelations he would make in books to come. However, the full list never was published by Sutton. In making inquiries of those who knew Sutton, I was told that he had become exiled in his own country. For months I searched the Web looking for a list of the members of Skull and Bones. At long last, a notebook was given to me which required the use of a magnifying glass to make out the names. So, the following semi-final list is about 97% accurate. It opens the door to the Bones realm at a time that one of their own is now hitting the campaign trail for the Republican presidential nomination.

For about the past ten years I have been studying secret elite groups. The average person has almost no knowledge of them and there are very few sources of information. These secret groups include the Bilderbergers, the Council on Foreign Relations, The Knights of the Garter, The Knights of Malta, The 33rd Degree Masons, the Rhodes Scholars, The Skull and Bones and the Trilateral Commission. What is needed is a historical roster of the membership of each of these groups.

The list that follows is only the first of an upcoming series of historic exposes of these secret societies. If you have any biographical information on any of these individuals, your sharing will be appreciated and reciprocated. Any suggestions or corrections appreciated.

---

        SURNAME                    GIVEN NAME                              S&B YEAR

 Abbe Frederick Randolph 1848
 Abbott John S.C.
 Aberg, Jr. Donlan Vincent 1952
 Abrams Peter Mark 1983
 Acheson  David Campion 1943
 Ackerman Stephen H. 1957
 Acosta John Sidney 1921
 Adams Charles Edward 1904
 Adams Charles Hemmenway 1866
 Adams Frederick Baldwin 1862
 Adams Frederick Baldwin 1900
 Adams  George Webster 1904
 Adams Lewis G. 1920
 Adams Mason Tyler 1899
 Adams Stephen 1959
 Adams, Jr. Frederick Baldwin 1932
 Afeiju Bernard I. 1967
 Ahlbrandt, Jr. Roger S. 1963
 Aiken  Edwin Edgerton 1881
 Aitchison William 1848
 Albritton Paul Berem 1978
 Aldis Owen Franklin 1874
 Aldrich Malcolm Pratt 1922
 Alexander Eben 1873
 Alexander William DeWitt 1855
 Alexander William Felix 1851
 Ali Mehdi Raza 1965
 Allen Arthur Dwight 1901
 Allen Arthur Huntington 1873
 Allen Calvin Durand 1913
 Allen Charles E. 1958
 Allen Daniel 1926
 Allen Frederick Winthrop 1900
 Allen Henry Elisha 1924
 Allen John DeWitt Hamilton 1876
 Allen Parker Breese 1919
 Allen Walter 1863
 Allen William Palmer 1880
 Allen, Jr. Archibald J. 1945
 Allen, Jr. Clarence Emir 1913
 Alling, Jr. Charles Booth 1947
 Allison Samuel Perkins 1847
 Allison, Jr. Robert Seaman 1930
 Ames Allan Wallace 1918
 Ames Sullivan Dobb 1899
 Amundson John Arnold 1880
 Anderson Edwin Alexander 1835
 Anderson Thomas Hill 1951
 Andrews John Wolcott 1876
 Andrews, Jr. Edward W. 1945W
 Andrews, Jr. John Wallingford 1870
 Andrie Paul James 1984
 Anthony Benjamin Harris 1886
 Appel George Frederick Baer 1924
 Ardrey Rushton L. 1925
 Arms Charles Jesup 1863
 Arnot John Hulett 1885
 Arnot Matthias Hollenback 1856
 Arras, Jr. Robert E. 1969
 Asburn Frank Davis 1925
 Ashe Victor Henderson 1967
 Ashenfelter Alan Thompson 1975
 Ashforth Albert Blackhurst 1929
 Ashley Thomas William Ludlow 1948
 Austen David E. 1931
 Austin Roy Leslie 1968
 Austin Samuel Monroe 1980
 Avery Benjamin F. 1914
 Avery Charles Hammond 1875
 Aycrigg II William Anderson 1942
 Ayeroff Frederick Charles 1974
 Babcock Henry Harper 1853
 Babst James Anthony 1971
 Back Samuel H. 1962
 Backus Joseph Willes 1846
 Bacon Leonard
 Badger Paul Bradford 1911
 Badger Walter Irving 1882
 Bailey  Philip Horton 1897
 Baker Richard Wheeler 1913
 Baldridge Howard Malcolm 1918
 Baldwin George William 1853
 Baldwin Henry DeForest 1885
 Baldwin Roger Sherman 1847
 Baldwin Sherman 1919
 Baldwin  Simeon Eren 1861
 Ball David George 1960
 Banks Howard D. 1956
 Bannard Henry Clay 1869
 Bannard Otto Tremont 1876
 Baran Mark R. 1978
 Barasch Alan Sidney 1973
 Baratte  Julius Adolphus 1843
 Barge Richard Mason 1974
 Baribault Richard P. 1949
 Barker George Payson 1856
 Barlett John Knowlton 1838
 Barlett Philip Golden 1881
 Barnes Pearce 1874
 Barnes William Deluce 1907
 Barnes William Henry Lienow 1855
 Barney Danford Newton 1881
 Barnum William Milo 1877
 Barr, Jr. Richard J. 1936
 Barres Herster B.D. 1932
 Barry William Taylor Sullivan 1841
 Bartholemy Alan Edmund 1942
 Bartholomew Dana Treat 1928
 Bass James Edward 1982
 Basset II Barton Bradley 1949
 Bassi Keith Alan 1978
 Bates Emmert Warren 1932
 Bates Samuel Henshaw 1833
 Bayard Thomas Francis 1890
 Bayne Hugh Aiken 1892
 Bayne Thomas Levingston 1847
 Bayne-Jones Stanhope 1910
 Beach John Campell 1833
 Beach John Sheldon 1839
 Beane, Jr. Frank Eastman 1960
 Beard Anson McCook 1895
 Beard William Mossgrove 1896
 Beaumont George Anson Oliver 1834
 Becket G. Campbell 1923
 Becket Peter Logan 1963
 Beckley John Werle 1860
 Beebe William 1873
 Beers Henry Augustin 1869
 Begg William Reynolds 1893
 Beirne Christopher James 1840
 Belin Gaspard d'Andelot 1939
 Bell Richard Dobbs Spaight 1844
 Bell William Tompkins 1942
 Bellinger Alfred Rammond 1917
 Bellis Jon Michael 1974
 Bellis Tedric Lawrence 1973
 Beman Henry DeWitt 1851
 Bench Edward C. 1925
  Bender Kenneth Arthur 1975
 Benedict Theodore Hudson 1840
 Bennetto John 1887
 Benninghoff Harry Bryner 1954
 Benoit, Jr. Charles Edward 1965
 Bent Joseph Appleton 1865
 Bentley Edward Manross 1880
 Bentley Edward Warren 1850
 Benton Joseph Augustine 1842
 Berger, Jr. George Bart 1928
 Berry Coburn Dewees 1868
 Bertron Samuel Reading 1885
 Best Geoffry D.C. 1964
 Biddle Thomas Bradish 1839
 Bigelow Albert 1852
 Bigelow Walter Irving 1877
 Biglow Lucius Horatio 1908
 Biglow, Jr. Lucius Horatio 1948
 Bingham Charles Tiffany 1928
 Bingham Egert Byron 1863
 Bingham Jonathan Brewster 1936
 Birge Robert Richards 1968
 Bisaro Larry R. 1974
 Bishop Noah 1833
 Bissel Arthur Douglas 1867
 Bissel Wilson Shannon 1869
 Bissell George Thomas 1961
 Bissell William Truesdale 1925
  Blackman Charles Seymour 1857
 Blackman Samuel Curtis 1854
 Blaine Walker 1876
 Blair Edwin Foster 1924
 Blair James Grant 1925
 Blair William McCormick 1907
 Blake Dexter B. 1937
 Blake Edward Foster 1858
 Blake Eli Whitney 1857
 Blake Henry T. 1848
 Blake Henry Taylor 1848
 Blake, Jr. Gilman Dorr 1945
 Blakely Marvin 1977
 Blakeslee Henry Clay 1852
 Blanchard Jerred Gurley 1939
 Blattner Robert William 1976
 Bliss Charles Miller 1852
 Bliss Robert 1850
 Bliss William Root 1850
 Blodgett George Reddington 1884
 Blue Linden S. 1958
 Boasberg III Emanuel 1956
 Bockrath, Jr. Richard C. 1961
 Bockstoce John R. 1966
 Bodman William Camp 1959
 Boies Charles Alred 1860
 Boltwood Edward 1860
 Boltwood Edward 1892
  Boltwood Thomas Kast 1864
 Booth Samuel Albert 1884
 Booth Wilbur Franklin 1884
 Borden Matthew Chaloner Durfee 1864
 Boren David Lyle 1963
 Bottum Elisha Slocum 1876
 Boulos (Bouliaratis) William M. 1947
 Bouscaren Michael Frederic 1969
 Bowers Lloyd Wheaton 1879
 Bowle, Jr. William Carter 1961
 Bowles Henry Thornton 1899
 Bowles John Eliot 1935
 Bowman Ralph David 1957
 Boyd Francis T. 1912
 Boyden Henry Paine 1864
 Bradford Amory Howe 1934
 Bradford Arthur Howe 1905
 Bradford Timothy McFall 1967
 Bradley Charles Harvey 1921
 Brand James 1866
 Brandegee Augustus 1849
 Brandegee Frank Bosworth 1885
 Brandt John Henry 1962
 Breed Edward Andrews 1844
 Breen J. Gerald 1950
 Bremmer Samuel Kimball 1886
 Breslau Jonathan 1982
 Brewster Benjamin 1882
  Brewster Chauncey Bunce 1868
 Brewster Walter Rice 1921
 Brewster IV James Henry 1962
 Brickell James Noaille 1845
 Bridgman John Cloyse 1885
 Brinsmade Horatio Walsh 1851
 Brisrin John Ball 1846
  Bristol Louis Henry 1859
 Brodhead Henry 1859
 Bronson David Bennet 1947
 Bronson James Davis 1926
 Brooke Frederick Hiester 1899
 Brooke George Clymer 1897
 Brooke, Jr. Frederick H. 1937
  Brooks Henry Stanford 1885
 Brooks James Wilton 1875
 Brooks John Edward 1865
 Brooks Peter Moody 1983
 Brooks Tristam Anthony 1982
 Brooks Walter 1877
 Brown Alexander 1896
  Brown Alexander Lardner 1869
 Brown Christopher Walworth 1968
 Brown George Clifford 1966
 Brown Henry Armitt 1865
 Brown Hubert Sanford 1861
 Brown Jamot 1899
 Brown John Mason 1856
  Brown Joseph Venen 1842
 Brown Robert Nelson 1979
 Brown Samuel Taylor Glover 1944
 Brown Walter Henderson 1945W
 Brown William Scott 1970
 Brubaker James Robert 1977
 Brubaker John Kim 1976
  Bruce Donald 1906
 Bryan James Taylor 1971
 Bryan, Jr. L. Thomas 1955
 Buchanan Thomas Walter 1889
 Buck III Charles Henry 1969
 Buckland Joseph Payson 1857
 Buckley Fercus Reid 1952
  Buckley James Lane 1944
 Buckley, Jr. William Frank 1950
 Buckner Mortimer Norton 1895
 Bulkey Jonathan Ogden 1923
 Bulkey Tuzar 1865
 Bull Cornelius Wade 1863
 Bullock Stanton B. 1981
  Bumstead Nathaniel Willis 1855
 Bundy Frederick McGeorge 1921
 Bundy Harvey Hollister 1909
 Bundy Hollister  1909
 Bundy McGeorge 1940
 Bundy William Putman 1939
 Bunnell Phil W. 1927
  Burch Robert Boyd 1909
 Burke III James Eugene 1975
 Burke, Jr. Charles Clinton 1937
 Burkus Gregory James 1982
 Burnham Curtis Field 1840
 Burpee Charles Winslow 1883
 Burpee Lucien Francis 1879
 Burr William Shedden 1834
 Burr II Charles B. 1962
 Burrell Joseph Dunn 1881
 Burtt Edwin Authur 1915
 Bush Derek C. 1967
 Bush George Herbert Walker 1948
 Bush George Walker 1968
 Bush James S. 1922
 Bush Jonathan 1953
 Bush Prescott Sheldon 1917
 Bushnell Samuel Clarke 1874
 Bushnell William Benedick 1865
 Butler Francis Eugene 1857
 Butler John Haskell 1863
 Butterworth Frank Seiler 1895
 Buttles Albert Barnes 1842
 Cable Benjamin Stickney 1895
 Caldwell Samuel Smith  1933
 Calhoun Governeur 1891
 Callahan Hugh Andrew 1899
 Came Charles Green 1849
 Camp Arthur Goodwin 1907
 Camp Clinton 1850
 Camp Stuart Brown 1900
 Camp Walter  1880
 Campbell Alan Barnette 1919
 Campbell Charles Soutter 1909
 Campbell Gavin Elliott 1982
 Campbell James 1849
 Campbell James Alexander 1882
 Campbell Kimberly C. 1981
 Campbell Treat  1878
 Campbell William Harvey Wilson 1856
 Cangelosi Russell Joseph 1972
 Capozzalo Douglas Daniel 1976
 Capron Paul 1960
 Capron Samuel Mills 1853
 Carey John 1945W
 Carlisle James Mandeville 1901
 Carlsen Ray Allen 1957
 Carlsson Mats Erik 1981
 Carpenter George Boone 1902
 Carpenter Robert John 1859
 Carter Charles Francis 1878
 Carter Edwin Osgood 1837
 Carter Frederic Dewhurst 1919
 Carter Lyon 1915
 Carter Walter Frederick 1895
 Case George Bowen 1894
 Case, Jr. Philip Benham 1970
 Caskey Taliaferro Franklin 1865
 Casscells Christopher Dyson 1976
 Cassel John A.  1958
 Caukins, Jr. George Peck 1943
 Caulkins John Erwin 1948
 Cerveris Michael Ernest 1983
 Chadwick George Brewster 1903
 Chafee John Hubbard 1947
 Chamberlain Daniel Henry 1862
 Chamberlain Leander Trowbridge 1863
 Chamberlain Robert Linton 1861
 Chambers William Lyon 1843
 Chandler William Henry 1839
 Chapin Charles Frederick 1877
 Charney Charles Meigs 1865
 Chase Henry 1850
 Chauvenet William 1840
 Cheney Clifford Dudley 1898
 Cheney Frank Dexter 1900
 Cheney Howell 1892
 Cheney Philip 1901
 Cheney Ronald Lawton 1958
 Cheney Russell 1904
 Cheney Thomas Langdon 1901
 Cheney Ward 1896
 Cheney, Jr. Knight Dexter 1892
 Chester Carl Thurston 1875
 Chibundu Maxwell O. 1980
 Child Linus Mason 1855
 Childs Starling Winston 1976
 Chimenti Norman Victor 1962
 Chittenden George Hastings 1939
 Choa Christopher James 1981
 Chouteau Rene Auguste 1942
  Christian Henry Hall 1901
 Cirie John A. 1964
 Clark Albert Barnes 1864
 Clark Alexander Ray 1895
 Clark Avery Artison 1909
 Clark Charles Hopkins 1871
 Clark Douglas Wells 1972
 Clark Gerald Holland 1965
 Clark Harold Terry 1903
 Clark J. Bruce 1978
 Clark Stephen Edward 1965
 Clark Thomas W. 1961
 Clark William Judkins 1948
 Clark, Jr. R. Inslee 1957
 Clarke Thomas Slidell 1875
 Clarke William Barker 1849
 Claude, Jr. Abram 1952
 Clay Alexander Stephens 1964
 Clay Cassius Marcellus 1918
 Clay Green 1859
 Clay Jesse Loring 1963
 Clay Lowell Melcher 1939
 Clay Timothy J. 1965
 Clucas Lowell Melcher 1939
 Cobb Henry Nitche 1855
 Cochran Thomas 1904
 Cochran Thomas 1894
 Coe Edward Benton 1862
  Coe Robert Elmer 1872
 Coffin Edmund 1866
 Coffin Henry Sloan 1897
 Coffin James 1868
 Coffin William Sloane 1949
 Coffin, Jr. William Sloan 1949
 Coffing Churchill 1834
 Coggins Daniel Seton 1964
 Cogswell John M. 1961
 Cohen Kenneth Saul 1968
 Cohen Robert Lewis 1974
 Coit Joshua 1853
 Coit William 1837
 Coke, Jr. Henry C. 1926
 Cole Hamilton 1866
 Coleman John Caldwell 1881
 Colgate Henry Auchincloss 1913
 Collier Samuel (Sam) Carnes 1935
 Collin Frederick 1871
 Collin William Welch 1877
 Colt LeBaron Bradford 1868
 Colton Henry Martin 1848
 Colton Willis Strong 1850
 Condit Albert Pierson 1850
 Condit Charles 1848
 Condit Stephen 1856
 Connelly, Jr. William James 1948
 Connick Andrew Jackson 1952
  Connick Louis 1945
 Connor Lemuel Parker 1845
 Connor William Gustine 1845
 Connors David Michael 1974
 Connors James Joseph 1959
 Converse George Sherman 1850
 Conway, Jr. Joseph Leo 1981
  Cook Robert Johnston 1876
 Cook II George 1945
 Cook III George 1948
 Cooke Eldridge Clinton 1877
 Cooke Francis Judd 1933
 Cooke James Barclay 1893
 Cooke John Parick 1959
  Cooke Robert Barbour 1936
 Cooke Walter Evans 1895
 Cooley Harlan Ward 1888
 Coombs Orde Musgrave 1965
 Coon John 1847
 Cooper Carnell 1977
 Cooper Henry Sage Fenimore 1917
  Cooper Jacob 1852
 Cooper John Sherman 1923
 Cooper William Frierson 1838
 Corbin William Herbert 1889
 Corey Alan Lyle 1911
 Corey III Alan Lyle 1965
 Cornell Thomas Hilary 1915
  Corning Erastus 1903
 Cornish, Jr. Percy Gillette 1914
 Cortelyou, Jr. George Bruce 1913
 Corwin Robert Nelson 1887
 Corwith John White 1890
 Cosgrove Thomas Francis 1969
 Costikyan Granger 1929
  Cowdry Rex William 1968
 Cowles Alfred 1913
 Cowles Alfred 1886
 Cowles William Hutchinson 1887
 Cowles William Sheffield 1921
 Cowles III Alfred 1913
 Cox John Joughin 1891
  Coxe Alexander Brown 1887
 Coy Edward Harris 1910
 Coy Sherman Lockwood 1901
 Crampton Rufus Cowles 1851
 Crane, Jr. Winthrop Murray 1904
 Crapo Stanford Tappan 1886
 Crapo William Wallace 1852
  Crawley Brian Scott 1964
 Cressler Alfred Miller 1902
 Crile, Jr. George 1929
 Crosby Albert Hastings 1922
 Crosby Henry Stetson 1926
 Crosby John 1890
 Crosby, Jr. Benjamin Lewis 1892
 Cross Alan W. 1966
 Cross John Walter 1900
 Cross Richard James 1937
 Cross Walter Snell 1904
 Cross William R. 1941
 Cross William Redmond 1896
 Croxton John Thomas 1857
 Cruikshank, Jr. Paul Fessenden 1952
 Crump John 1833
 Csar Michael F. 1972
 Cunningham Hugh Terry  1934
 Cunningham Oliver Baty 1917
 Curtin Francis Clare 1935
 Curtis George Louis 1878
 Cushing Charles Cyprian Strong 1902
 Cushing William Lee 1872
 Cushman Charles W. 1957
 Cushman Isaac LaFayette 1845
 Cushman, Jr. Lt. Gen. Robert E. 1958
 Cutler Benjamin Crawford 1926
 Cutler Carroll 1854
 D'Avanzo Louis A. 1956
 Daggett Oliver Ellsworth
 Dahl George 1908
 Dalby Michael Thomas 1966
 Dale, Jr. Edwin Lyon 1945
 Daly Frederick Joseph 1911
 Dana William Buck 1851
 Dana James Dwight
 Daniels Forest Leonard 1907
 Daniels John H. 1943
 Daniels Joseph Leonard 1860
 Daniels  Rensselaer Wilkinson 1873
 Daniels Thomas Leonard 1914
 Danielson Richard Ely 1907
 Darling Arthur Burr  1916
 Darling Thomas 1836
 Davenport Bradfute Warwick 1938
 Davenport George Leovy 1980
 Davenport  John A. 1926
 Davenport Russell Wheeler 1923
 Davenport Stephen Rintoul 1915
 Davies Philip Turner  1976
 Davies Thomas Frederick 1853
 Davies Thomas Frederick 1894
 Davis Benjamin 1895
 Davis  Benjamin Franklin 1833
 Davis Clinton Wildes 1911
 Davis John 1835
 Davis Lowndes Henry  1860
 Davis Richard Marden 1933
 Davis Robert Stewart 1860
 Davis Walter Goodwin 1908
 Davis II  Horace Webber 1936
 Davison Daniel Pomeroy 1949
 Davison Endicott Peabody 1945
 Davison Frederick Trubee  1918
 Davison Harry Pomeroy 1920
 Davison Henry Pomeroy 1920
 Dawes Chester Mitchell 1876
 Day  Arthur Pomeroy 1890
 Day Clive 1892
 Day Dwight Huntington 1899
 Day Huntington T.  1923
 Day John Calvin 1857
 Day Melville Cox 1862
 Day Robert Webster 1875
 Day  Sherwood Sunderland 1911
 Day Thomas Mills 1837
 Day Thomas Mills 1886
 Day William Edwards  1902
 Day Henry N
 Deans Robert Barr 1918
 Dechert Henry Martyn 1850
 Decker, Jr. Edmund Lockwood  1929
 DeForest Stephen Elliott 1955
 Demaree II Frank Edward 1969
 Deming Charles Clerc 1872
 Deming  Henry Champion 1872
 Deming Henry Champion 1836
 Deming Lawrence Clerc 1883
 Dempsey Andrew Squire  1956
 Dempsey John Bourne 1911
 Dempsey, Jr. James Howard 1938
 Denegre Thomas Bayne 1915
 DeNeufville  John Phillip 1961
 Denison Lindsay 1895
 Dennis Frederic Shepard 1872
 Denny Thomas  1854
 Denslow Herbert McKenzie 1873
 Dent Henry Hatch 1836
 Depew Canson Goodyear 1919
 Depew  Chauncey Mitchell 1856
 DeSa Pompeo Ascenco 1841
 DeSibour Jules Henri 1896
 DeSilver Albert  1910
 Desjardins Peter Earl 1965
 Devlin Michael William 1982
 Devor, Jr Donald S. 1941
 DeVore  Mark Samuel 1980
 Dexter Franklin Bowditch 1861
 Dexter Morton 1867
 Diamond Peter C.  1974
 Dickinson Arthur 1856
 Diller John Cabot 1924
 Dilworth George Toby 1980
 Dilworth  Joseph Richardson 1938
 Dimock Henry Farnam 1863
 Dines Tyson 1908
 Dixon Theodore Polehemus  1907
 Dixon William Palmer 1868
 Doane John Wesley 1891
 Dodd Albert 1838
 Dodge  Francis Talmage 1904
 Dodge Philip Lyndon 1907
 Dodge Washington 1929
 Dominick David DeWitt  1960
 Dominick Gayer Gardner 1909
 Donaldson William Henry 1953
 Donnelley Gaylord 1931
 Donnelley  Reuben H. 1889
 Donnelley Richard Robert 1889
 Donnelley Thomas Elliott 1889
 Doolittle Duncan Hunter 1943
 Douglas Malcolm 1900
 Douglass Willard Robinson 1887
 Dousman Louis deVierville 1906
 Dowling  Brian J. 1969
 Downing III Earl S. 1970
 Doyle, Jr. Thomas James 1974
 Drain Richard Dale 1943
 Draper Arthur Joy 1937
 Draper III William H. 1950
 Dreisbach John Martin 1903
 DuBois  John Jay 1867
 Dunham George Elliott 1859
 Dunham, Jr. Lawrence Boardman 1938
 Dunn George J. 1957
 Dunning Rev. Albert Elijah 1867
 Dunwody James Bulloch 1836
 Durfee, Jr. C. Gibson 1956
 Durham II Edwin A. 1953
 Duryee Samuel Sloan 1917
 Dutton Samuel W.S.
 Dwight Timothy 1849
 Dwight  Winthrop Edwards 1893
 Dyess Arthur Delma 1939
 Eakin Emmet Alexander 1856
 Eakin William Spencer  1846
 Eames Benjamin Tucker 1843
 Early Hobart Evans 1945
 Eaton Samuel Lewis 1877
 Eaton  Sherburne Blake 1862
 Ecklund John E. 1938
 Eddy Maxon Hunter 1929
 Eden John W.  1951
 Edozien Anthony O. 1979
 Edwards Alfred Lewis 1857
 Edwards George Benjamin 1878
 Edwards  Newton 1842
 Edwards Richard Henry 1901
 Eels John Shepard 1901
 Eichelberger Martin Smyser  1858
 Eisenberg Bruce Alan 1974
 Eisler Colin Tobias 1952
 Ekfelt Richard (Dick) Henry 1971
 Elder  Samuel James 1873
 Eldridge Charles St. John 1839
 Elebash Shehand Daniel 1944
 Elliot Henry Rutherford  1871
 Elliot William Horace 1844
 Ellis Garrison McClintock Noel 1951
 Ellis Harland Montgomery 1930
 Ellis  Raymond Walleser 1930
 Ellis, Jr. Alexander 1944
 Ellis, Jr. F. Henry 1941
 Ellis, Jr. G. Corson  1951
 Ellsworth John Stoughton 1905
 Elwell, Jr. Francis Bolton 1945
 Ely Grosvenor 1906
 Embersits  John Frank 1958
 Emerson Alfred 1834
 Emerson Christy Payne 1953
 Emerson Joseph  1841
 Emerson Samuel 1848
 English, Jr. William Deshay 1975
 Eno John Chester 1869
 Eno  Wiliam Phelps 1882
 Ercklentz Alexander Tonio 1959
 Erickson Thomas Franklin 1940
 Ernst Frederick Vincent 1960
 Erskine, Jr. Albert DeW. 1930
 Esselstyn Erik Canfield 1959
 Esselstyn, Jr. Caldwell Blakesman 1956
 Estill  Joe Garner 1891
 Esty Constantine Canaris 1845
 Etra Donald 1968
 Eustis William Tappan 1841
 Evans Evan Wilhelm 1851
 Evans Peter Seelye 1972
 Evans T. Boyd 1954
 Evarts  Maxwell 1884
 Evarts Sherman 1881
 Evarts William Maxwell 1837
 Ewell John Lewis 1865
 Ewing Sherman 1924
 Eyre Lawrence L. 1970
 Farnam Charles Henry 1868
 Farnam Henry Walcott 1874
 Farnam John Dorrance 1890
 Farnam William Whitman 1866
 Farrar John Chipman 1918
 Faulkner Endress 1839
 Fearey Morton Lazell 1898
 Fehr Gerald F. 1955
 Feinerman  James Vincent 1971
 Felder John Henry 1844
 Fenn William Henry 1854
 Ferguson Alfred Ludlow 1902
 Ferguson James Lord 1944
 Ferguson, Jr. Alfred L. 1926
 Ferry Orris Sanford 1844
 Fetner  Philip Jay 1965
 FewSmith William 1844
 Field David Irvine 1841
 Field John Warner 1937
 Finch Francis Miles 1849
 Fincke Clarence Mann 1897
 Finley John George Gilpin 1947
 Finney C. Roger 1973
 Finney Graham Stanley 1952
 Finney John Warren 1945W
 Fischer Louis Christopher 1856
 Fish Stuyvesant 1905
 Fisher Irving 1888
 Fisher Samuel Herbert 1889
 Fisher Scott B. 1972
 Fisher George Park
 Fishwick Dwight Brown 1928
 Fisk Samuel Augustus 1844
 Fisk  Stuart Wilkins 1840
 Fitch George Hopper 1932
 Fitch James 1847
 Flagg Wilbur Wells  1873
 Flanders Henry Richmond 1885
 Fleming Andrew T. 1980
 Fleming William Stuart 1838
 Fletcher  Alexander Charles 1933
 Flynn Alexander Rex 1906
 Folsom Charles Seward 1883
 Foote Charles Seward  1883
 Foote Harry Ward 1866
 Foote Joseph Forward 1850
 Foote Thaddeus 1844
 Ford  George Tod 1865
 Ford William 1942
 Fore John Arthur 1979
 Fort Donald Kenneth  1976
 Fortgang Jeffrey 1971
 Fortunato S. Joseph 1954
 Foster David John 1967
 Foster  Dwight 1848
 Foster Eleazar Kingsbury 1834
 Foster George Forris 1879
 Foster John Pierrepont  1869
 Foster Joseph Taylor 1908
 Foster Maxwell E. 1923
 Foster Reginald 1884
 Foster  Roger 1878
 Fowler Charles Newell 1876
 Fowler Horace Webster 1863
 Fowler William  1860
 Fox Joseph Carrere 1938
 Franchot Charles Pascal 1910
 Francis Samuel Hopkins 1964
 Frank  Clinton E. 1938
 Frank III Charles Augustus 1963
 Frank, Jr. Victor H. 1950
 Franklin Richard David  1983
 Fredericks Joel Richard 1977
 Freeman Henry Varnum 1869
 French Asa Palmer 1882
 French  Robert Dudley 1910
 Friedland Johnathan David 1970
 Fritzche Peter B. 1957
 Frost Elihu Brintnal 1883
 Frost, Jr. Albert Carl 1922
 Fuller Henry W. 1969
 Fuller Philo Carroll 1881
 Fuller  Stanley Evert 1935
 Fuller William Henry 1861
 Fulton Robert Brank 1932
 Furbish Edward Brown 1860
 Gachel Charles Nicholas 1843
 Gage Charles Stafford 1925
 Gaillard Edward McCrady 1919
 Gaillard, Jr.  Samuel Gourdin 1916
 Gaines Edwin Frank 1975
 Gaines Milton J. 1956
 Galbraith Evan Griffith 1950
 Gale Frederick Scott 1983
 Gallaudet Edson Fessenden 1893
 Gallaudet Herbert Draper 1898
 Gallico III G. Gregory 1968
 Galvin Michael Gerard 1971
 Gammell Arthur Amory 1911
 Gardner Robert Abbe 1912
 Garfield Newell 1918
 Garnsey Walter Wood 1930
 Garnsey William Herrick 1960
 Garnsey William Smith 1933
 Garnsey, Jr. Walter W. 1967
 Garrison Elisha Ely 1897
 Garvey John Joseph 1929
 Gates Artemis L. 1918
 Gates Edward Raymond 1976
 Gerard Sumner 1897
 Gibbs Josiah Willard
 Gibson, Jr. Richard Channing 1976
 Giegengack, Jr. Robert F. 1960
 Gifford Richard C. 1954
 Gile  Clement D. 1939
 Gile Clement Moses 1914
 Gile Lawrence Maclester 1978
 Gill B.  1936
 Gill Brendan 1963
 Gill Charles Otis 1889
 Gill George Metcalf 1888
 Gill  Michael Gates 1963
 Gillespie Kenrick S. 1929
 Gillespie, Jr. S. Hazard 1932
 Gillette Augustus Canfield  1841
 Gillette Curtenius 1897
 Gillette, Jr. Howard Frank 1964
 Gilman Daniel Coit 1852
 Gisen, Jr.  Arthur R. 1954
 Glaenzer Georges Brette 1907
 Gleason William Henry 1853
 Glover III Charles Carroll  1940
 Goedecke William Skinner 1947
 Goldberg Richard Julius 1977
 Gonzalez Timoteo F. 1974
 Goodenough  John Bannister 1944
 Goodyear Robert M. 1949
 Gordon Alexander Blucher 1834
 Gordon Edward McGuire  1938
 Gordon George Arthur 1934
 Gould Anthony 1877
 Gould James 1918
 Gould  James Gardner 1845
 Gow Robert Haigh 1955
 Grammar Christopher 1843
 Grandine Thomas Allan  1981
 Granger Gideon 1843
 Granger John Albert 1855
 Grant Edward Dromgoole 1858
 Graves  Henry Solon 1892
 Graves William Phillips 1891
 Graves, Jr. Earl Gilbert 1984
 Grayson James Gordon  1940
 Grayson William Cabell 1944
 Grayson, Jr. Cary Travers 1942
 Grayson, Jr. William Cabell 1977
 Gready  William Postell 1842
 Green Benjamin P. 1973
 Green Charles Grady 1955
 Green Edmund Frank  1880
 Green Henry Sherwood 1879
 Green James Payne 1857
 Green Rudolph 1975
 Greenberg  Stephen David 1970
 Greene Waldo Wittenmyer 1930
 Greenway James Cowan 1900
 Gregory Daniel Seelye
 Griggs  John Cornelius 1889
 Griggs Maitland Fuller 1896
 Griggs, Jr. Herbert Stanton 1928
 Grimes David Charles  1948
 Griswold Dwight Torrey 1908
 Griswold William Edward Schenck 1899
 Grove Manasses Jacob 1929
 Grover  Thomas Williams 1874
 Growel Alfred 1853
 Grubb Charles Ross 1873
 Gruener Gustav  1884
 Guernsey Raymond Gano 1902
 Guidotti Hugh G. 1955
 Guinzburg Thomas Henry 1950
 Gulliver  Henry Strong 1875
 Gulliver William Curtis 1870
 Guthrie Robert K. 1968
 Gwin Samuel Lawrence  1930
 Gwin, Jr. Samuel Lawrence 1963
 Haas Frederick Peter 1935
 Hadden Briton 1920
 Hadley  Arthur Twining 1876
 Hadley Hamilton 1919
 Hadley Morris 1916
 Hadley James
 Haffner, Jr. Charles C. 1919
 Haight Ducald Cameron 1847
 Haight George Winthrop 1928
 Haight, Jr. Charles S.  1952
 Haines Thomas Frederick David 1924
 Haldeman Richard Jacobs 1851
 Hale, Jr. Eugene 1898
 Hall  Daniel Emerson 1834
 Hall Edward Tuck 1941
 Hall Jesse Angell 1936
 Hall John Loomer  1894
 Hall John Manning 1866
 Hall Robert A. 1930
 Hall William Kittredge 1859
 Hall, Jr.  Frederick Bagry 1933
 Hallett John Folsom 1934
 Halpin Thomas M. 1971
 Halsey Jacob  1842
 Halsey, Jr. Ralph Wetmore 1942
 Hambleton Thomas Edward 1934
 Hamilton William 1962
 Hamlin  Charles B. 1961
 Hamlin Chauncey Jerome 1903
 Hannahs Diodate Cushman 1859
 Hansen Roger Allen  1955
 Harding John Wheeler 1845
 Harding Wilder Bennett 1867
 Hare Clinton Larue 1887
 Hare  Meredith 1894
 Harman Archer 1913
 Harman, Jr. Archer 1945
 Harper, Jr. Harry Halsted  1934
 Harriman Edward Roland ("Bunny") Noel 1917
 Harriman William Averell 1913
 Harris Henry Reeder 1836
 Harrison  Burton Norvel 1859
 Harrison Fairfax 1890
 Harrison Francis Burton 1895
 Harrison Fred Harold  1942
 Harrison George Leslie 1910
 Harrison Henry Baldwin 1846
 Hart Dennis Charles 1976
 Hart  Roswell 1843
 Hart Rufus Erastus 1833
 Hartley Cavour 1912
 Hartshorn Joseph William  1867
 Haskell Robert Chandler 1858
 Haslam Lewis Scofield 1890
 Hatch Walter Tilden 1837
 Hatem  John J. 1980
 Haven George Griswold 1887
 Havens Daniel William 1843
 Hawley David  1846
 Hay Logan 1893
 Hayden William Hallock 1847
 Healy, Jr. Harold Harris 1943
 Heard  Albert Farley 1853
 Heaton Edward 1869
 Hebard Albert 1851
 Hebard Daniel  1860
 Hedge Thomas 1867
 Heermance Edgar Laing 1858
 Heffelfinger Frank Peavey 1920
 Heffelfinger  George Wright Peavy 1924
 Heinz II Henry John 1931
 Helfenstein Charles Philip 1841
 Helmer Charles Downs  1852
 Heminway Bartow Lewis 1921
 Hemphill James Tierney 1959
 Henen William Davison 1842
 Henningsen, Jr.  Victor William 1950
 Henston Douglas Robert 1984
 Hernandez Carols Arturo 1971
 Heron John  1910
 Hersey John Richard 1936
 Herskovits David Nathaniel 1984
 Hessberg II Albert 1938
 Hewitt  Brower 1903
 Hewitt Henry H. 1963
 Hewitt Thomas Browning 1864
 Hidden Edward 1885
 Hiers Richard Hyde 1954
 Higgins Anthony 1861
 Highfill III Philip Henry 1973
 Hill  George Canning 1845
 Hillard Lord Butler 1883
 Hilles Frederick Whiley 1922
 Hilles, Jr. Charles Dewey 1924
 Hincks Edward Young 1866
 Hincks John Howard 1872
 Hincks John Morris 1920
 Hincks  John Winslow 1952
 Hine Charles Daniel 1871
 Hinkey Frank Augustus 1895
 Hinsdale Frank Gilbert 1898
 Hitchcock Henry 1879
 Hitchcock Henry 1848
 Hixon Robert 1901
 Hoagland Donald Wright 1943
 Hobbs Charles Buxton 1885
 Hobson Francis Thayer 1920
 Hobson Henry Wise 1914
 Hodes Douglas Michael 1970
 Hodges, Jr. William VanDerveer 1932
 Hogan James Joseph 1905
 Holbrook  David Doubleday 1960
 Holbrook, Jr. John 1959
 Holden John Morgan 1944
 Holden Rebuen A. 1940
 Holland Henry Thompson 1962
 Hollister Arthur Nelson 1858
 Hollister Buell 1905
 Hollister, Jr.  John B. 1949
 Holmbee Jeffrey Arthur 1979
 Holmes George Burgwin 1945W
 Holmes John Grier 1934
 Holmes John Milton 1857
 Holmes Peter Samuel 1978
 Holster Edwin Olaf 1894
 Holt  George Chandler 1866
 Holt Henry Chandler 1903
 Hook Noble 1978
 Hooker John Worthington 1854
 Hooker Thomas 1869
 Hoopes Townsend Walter 1944
 Hopkins John Morgan 1900
 Hoppin Benjamin 1872
 Hoppin James Mason 1840
 Hord Stephen Young 1921
 Hoston, Jr. Archibald Robinson 1939
 Hothhkiss William Henry 1875
 Hough Edward Clement 1849
 Houghton Edward 1852
 Houghton  Walter Edwards 1924
 Houston John Wallace 1834
 Howard James Ernest 1966
 Howard James Merriam 1909
 Howard Oran Reed 1835
 Howe Arthur 1912
 Howe Elmer Parker 1876
 Howe  Gary Woodson 1958
 Howe Henry Almy 1909
 Howe II Harold 1940
 Howland John 1894
 Hoyl Joseph Gibson 1840
 Hoyl Lydic 1906
 Hoysradt Albert 1877
 Hoysradt John McA. 1926
 Hoysradt Warren J. 1901
 Hubbard Richard Dudley 1839
 Hubbard Oliver P.
 Hudson  Franklin Donald 1955
 Hudson Ward Woodridge 1840
 Huey Mark Christopher 1973
 Huggins William Sidney  1842
 Hughes Berrien 1905
 Hull Louis Kossuth 1883
 Hurd John Odman 1836
 Hurd  Richard Melanemon 1888
 Hurlbut Joseph 1849
 Hurlbut, Jr. Gordon Buckland 1945W
 Husted James William  1892
 Hyatt Robert Underwood 1837
 Hyde Alvan Pinney 1845
 Hyde Donald R. 1912
 Hyde  Frank Eldridge 1879
 Hyde Frederick Walton 1911
 Hyde William Waldo 1876
 Hyde, Jr. Louis Kepler  1923
 Ingalls David Sinton 1920
 Ingalls, Jr. David Sinton 1956
 Ingersoll James Wernham Dunsford 1892
 Inman  Robert D. 1971
 Isbell Orland Sidney 1888
 Isham Edward Swift 1891
 Isham Henry Peter  1917
 Isham John Beach 1869
 Ives Chauncey Bradley 1928
 Ives Gerard M. 1925
 Ives  Sherwood Bissell 1893
 Ives Charles
 Jack Thomas Mckinney 1853
 Jackson Henry Rootes 1839
 Jackson  John Herrick 1934
 Jackson Joseph Cooke 1857
 Jackson Terrence John 1970
 Jackson William E.  1941
 James Ellery Sedgewick 1917
 James Henry Ammon 1874
 James Norman 1890
 James  Robert Campbell 1894
 James Walter Belknap 1879
 James William Knowles 1878
 Jamieson, Jr. Thomas Crawford  1956
 Janeway Charles Anderson 1930
 Jay Pierre 1892
 Jefferson Edward Francis 1909
 Jenckes  Marcien 1921
 Jenkins Richard Elwood 1948
 Jenks Almet Francis 1875
 Jenks Paul Emmott  1884
 Jenks Tudor 1878
 Jennings Oliver Goud 1887
 Jennings Percy Hall 1904
 Jennings  Walter 1880
 Jessup J.B. 1942
 Jesup James Riley 1840
 Johnes Edward Rudolph  1873
 Johnson Barclay 1882
 Johnson Charles Frederick 1855
 Johnson George Asbury 1853
 Johnson  J.H. 1935
 Johnston Frank 1835
 Johnston Henry Phelps 1862
 Johnston Ross  1870
 Johnston William Curtis 1860
 Johnston William Preston 1852
 Johnstone Henry Webb 1916
 Jones  Alfred Henry 1893
 Jones Dwight Arven 1875
 Jones Frank Hatch 1875
 Jones Frederick Scheetz  1884
 Jones George Gill 1914
 Jones Luther Maynard 1860
 Jones Seaborn Augustus 1838
 Jones  T.S. 1933
 Jones Walter Clyde 1925
 Jordan Ralph Edward 1923
 Judson Frederick Newton 1866
 Judson Isaac Nichols 1873
 Jung Michael 1984
 Kelley L.M. 1937
 Kellogg  Charles Poole 1890
 Kellogg Fred William 1883
 Kellogg Stephen Wright 1846
 Kellogg W.W. 1939
 Kelly II W.C. 1944
 Kelsey Clarence 1878
 Kemp J.B. 1942
 Kemp  Philip Sperry 1950
 Kendall John Newton 1834
 Kendall, Jr. William Burrage 1887
 Kenerson Vertner 1891
 Kennedy Thomas 1845
 Kent Albert Emmett 1853
 Kent William 1887
 Keppelman John Arthur 1901
 Kernochan Francis Edward 1861
 Kernochan Frederic 1898
 Kernochan Joseph Frederic 1863
 Kerr Albert Boardman 1897
 Kerry John Forbes 1966
 Ketcham Henry Holman 1914
 Key Thomas Marshall 1838
 Kilborne William Skinner 1935
 Kilcullen John M. 1934
 Killredge George Alvar 1855
 Kilrea Walter C. 1954
 Kimball Arthur Reed 1877
 Kimball John Edwin 1858
 Kimball Walter S. 1934
 King Lyndon Marrs 1910
 King Stoddard 1914
 Kingsbury Howard Thayer 1926
 Kingsley Charles C. 1959
 Kingsley Henry Coit 1834
 Kingsley William L.
 Kinne William  1848
 Kinney Herbert Evelyn 1871
 Kiphuth Delaney 1941
 Kirby Jacob Brown 1849
 Kirchwey  George W. 1942
 Kitchel Cornelius Ladd 1862
 Kitchel Cornelius Porter 1897
 Kitchel William Lloyd  1892
 Kittle John Caspar 1904
 Kittredge Frank Dutton 1952
 Klots Allen Trafford 1943
 Klots  Allen Trafford 1909
 Knapp Farwell 1916
 Knapp Howard Hoyt 1882
 Knapp John Merrill  1936
 Knapp Wallace Percy 1886
 Kneeland Y. 1890
 Knight Augustus 1910
 Knight  Samuel 1887
 Knoll George Tapscott 1878
 Knox Hugh Smith 1907
 Kolar Button Ward 1968
 Kosturko William Theodore 1971
 Ladd, Jr. Louis Williams 1930
 Lagercrantz Bengt M. 1965
 Laidley  Forrest David 1966
 Lalley Patrick William 1977
 Lamb Albert Eugene 1867
 Lamb Albert Richard 1903
 Lambert Adrian VanSinderen 1893
 Lambert Alexander 1884
 Lambert Alfred 1843
 Lambert  Edward Scott 1984
 Lambert Edward Wilberforce 1854
 Lambert Paul Christopher 1950
 Lampman Lewis 1866
 Lampson George 1855
 Lampson William 1862
 Lane William Griswold 1843
 Lanier Alexander Chalmers 1844
 Lapham Lewis Abbot 1931
 Lapham Raymond White 1928
 Larned William Augustua
 Larner  Robert Johnson 1922
 Lathe Herbert William 1873
 Lathrop John Hiram 1905
 Laudon, Jr. Mortimer Hamlin  1932
 Lavelli, Jr. Anthony 1949
 Law William Fabian 1837
 Law William Lyon 1838
 Lawler  Quentin John 1977
 Lawrance Thomas Garner 1884
 Lawrence Gary Martin 1980
 Lea James Neilsen  1834
 Lea Robert Brinkley 1871
 Leaf Edmund 1841
 Lear Henry 1869
 Learned  Dwight Whitney 1870
 Learned William Law 1841
 Leavatt Ashley 1900
 Leavenworth Donald Loyal  1947
 Lee Samuel Henry 1858
 LeFevre Ronald Eaton 1962
 Legore Harry William 1917
 Leighton  James 1881
 Leiper Joseph McCarrell 1949
 Lent John Abram 1843
 Leone Frederick Anthony  1982
 Leverett Miles Watson 1976
 Levering Walter B. 1933
 Levin Charles Herbert 1971
 Lewis  A. Hook 1833
 Lewis Charlton Miner 1886
 Lewis George Emanuel 1974
 Lewis Henry  1842
 Lewis John 1868
 Lewis Mark Sanders 1972
 Libbey Frank 1867
 Lightfoot  Richard Bissett 1959
 Ligon Thomas B. 1962
 Liles Coit Redfearn 1973
 Lilley Robert McGregor  1967
 Lilley, Jr. Frank Walder 1943
 Lindenberg John Townsend 1932
 Lindgren Richard Hugo 1960
 Lindley  Frances Vinton 1933
 Lindsay David A. 1944
 Lindsay, Jr. Dale Alton 1961
 Linton Stephen Duncan  1846
 Lippincott David McCord 1949
 Lippincott William Jackson 1914
 Lippitt Henry 1909
 Litt  David Geoffrey 1984
 Litt Willard David 1921
 Little Mitchell Stuart 1907
 Little Robbins  1851
 Little Stuart W. 1944
 Livingston Herman 1879
 Livingston II Richard 1969
 Loeser  Frederic William 1931
 Logan Walter Seth 1910
 Lohmann Carl Albert 1910
 Lombard James Kittredge  1854
 Lombardi Cornelius Ennis 1911
 Longstreth George B. 1930
 Lonsdorf David B. 1973
 Look  Allen M. 1927
 Look Frank Byron 1930
 Lord Charles Edwin 1949
 Lord Franklin Atkins  1898
 Lord George Deforest 1854
 Lord Oswald B. 1926
 Lord William Galey 1922
 Lord  Winston 1959
 Lorenson David Harold 1979
 Loucks, Jr. Vernon R. 1957
 Loughran Anthony Hookey  1957
 Love Ralph Frank 1951
 Lovejoy Winslow Meston 1925
 Lovell Joseph 1844
 Lovett  August Sidney 1913
 Lovett Robert Abercrombie 1918
 Lovett Sidney 1950
 Luce Henry Robinson 1920
 Luckey Charles Pinckney 1923
 Luckey Charles Pinckney 1950
 Ludden William 1850
 Lufkin  Chauncey F. 1951
 Lufkin Dan Wende 1953
 Lufkin Elgood Moulton 1925
 Lufkin, Sr. Peter Wende 1949
 Luman Richard John 1925
 Lumpkin Richard Anthony 1957
 Lunt Storer Boardman 1921
 Lusk  Peter A. 1960
 Lusk William Thompson 1924
 Lutz Karl Evan 1972
 Lydgate William A. 1931
 Lyman Chester Smith 1837
 Lyman Chester Wolcott 1882
 Lynch Dennis Patrick 1964
 Lynch R. Vincent 1945
 Lynde Charles James 1838
 Lyon George Armstrong 1900
 MacDonald II Ranald 1915
 MacDonald II Richard J. 1972
 MacDonald II Stephen Joseph 1973
 Mack Richard Gesrtle 1948
 MacKenzie Kenneth Malcolm 1975
 MacLean, Jr. Kenneth 1961
 MacLeish Archibald 1915
 MacLeish William H. 1950
 MacLellan George Boardman 1858
 MacLellan William 1835
 MacVeagh Franklin 1862
 MacWhorter Alexander 1842
 Madden B. Patrick 1969
 Madden John Beckwith 1941
 Maffitt Thomas Skinner 1899
 Magee James McDevitt 1899
 Magee John Gillespie 1906
 Magruder Benjamin Drake 1856
 Mallon Guy Ward 1885
 Mallon Henry Neil 1917
 Mallon John Howard 1919
 Mallon Thomas Ridgway 1945W
 Mallory William Neely 1924
 Mallory, Jr. Barton Lee 1928
 Malloy Terrence R. 1956
 Manice William DeForest 1851
 Manross Newton Spaulding 1850
 Mansfield Howard 1871
 Manville, Jr. Hiram Edward 1929
 March Daniel 1840
 Marinelli David Leonard 1978
 Marmaduke Vincent 1852
 Marsh William Lee 1963
 Marshall John Birnie 1953
 Marshall Samuel Davies 1833
 Martin George Greene 1893
 Martin George Lockwood 1836
 Martin William A.P.
 Marvin Joseph Howard 1836
 Marvin Joseph Howard  1876
 Mason Alfred Bishop 1871
 Mason Henry Burratt 1870
 Mather Frederick Ellsworth 1833
 Mathews  Craig 1951
 Mathias II Philip 1955
 Matthessen Francis Otto 1923
 Matthews Albert  1842
 Mattlin Fred W. 1973
 Mayer Charles Theodore 1951
 Mayor Michael B. 1959
 McAfee  William Andrew 1982
 McAndrew Alexander 1913
 McBride Jonathan Evans 1964
 McBride Wilber  1882
 McCall Henry 1840
 McCallum Revell 1924
 McCallum, Jr. Robert Davis 1968
 McCarthy  Charles Edward 1960
 McClintock Norman 1891
 McClung Lee 1892
 McClure Archibald  1912
 McClure James Gore King 1870
 McClure, Jr. James Gore King 1906
 McCormick Henry 1852
 McCormick, Jr.  Alexander Agnew 1919
 McCrary, Jr. John Reagan 1932
 McCullough David G. 1955
 McCutchen Samuel St. John  1870
 McDonnell John Vincent 1911
 McElroy Benjamin Thomas 1945
 McGaughey, Jr. Guy Ennis 1945
 McGauley  John Michael 1933
 McGee Donald Ashbrook 1906
 McGregor Jack F. 1956
 McHenry James 1920
 McHenry John 1885
 McIntosh Harris 1927
 McKee Elmore Mcneill 1919
 McKee  Lanier 1895
 McKee M. Dunn 1896
 McKinney William Allison 1868
 McLallen P. Fredinand 1847
 McLane James Price 1953
 McLaren Michael G. 1972
 McLaughlin Edward Tompkins 1883
 Mclean  Charles Fraser 1864
 Mclean John Helm 1943
 McLean III Robert 1950
 McLemore, Jr. John Briggs 1937
 McMillan James Howard 1888
 McMillan Philip Hamilton 1894
 McMillan William Charles 1884
 McNally Edward E. 1979
 McNamara Thomas Philip 1951
 McPhee Stephen Joseph 1973
 McQuaid William Adolph 1889
 Mead Frederick 1871
 Mead Winter 1919
 Meek John Burgess 1960
 Mehta  Arjay Singh 1976
 Melton, Jr. William Davis 1924
 Menton James Paul 1956
 Menton John Dennis 1953
 Merriam Alexander Ross 1872
 Merriam George Spring 1864
 Merrill Henry Riddle 1929
 Merrill  Payson 1865
 Merritt Henry Newton 1912
 Mesick Richard Smith 1848
 Messimer, Jr. Robert L. 1931
 Metcalf Harold Grant 1904
 Metcalfe Henry Laurens 1849
 Metcalfe Orrick 1845
 Meyer, Jr. Russell William 1954
 Meyers Bryan Fitch 1982
 Michel Anthony Lee 1926
 Middlebrook Louis Shelton 1915
 Miles James Browning 1849
 Miles Richard Curtis 1937
 Miller Allanson Douglas 1864
 Miller Andrew Otterson 1939
 Miller Dudley Livingston 1943
 Miller Francis William 1842
 Miller George Douglas 1870
 Miller James Ely 1904
 Miller James Whipple 1967
 Miller Phineas Timothy 1833
 Miller Thomas Clairborne 1970
 Miller Wentworth Earl 1969
 Miller, Jr. Charles Lewis 1939
 Mills Alfred 1847
 Mills Edward Ensign 1934
 Mills Ethelbert Smith 1835
 Mills James Paul 1932
 Mitchell Donald Grant 1841
 Mitchell Harry H. 1939
 Mitchell John Hanson 1861
 Mitchell, Jr. H. Coleman 1967
 Mitinger Joseph Berry 1953
 Montesano III Michael John 1983
 Montgomery Grenville Dodge 1898
 Moody Thomas Hudson 1843
 Moore David Clement 1973
 Moore E. Hastings 1883
 Moore Frank Wood 1903
 Moore Georg Foot 1872
 Moore James I. 1947
 Moore Richard Anthony 1936
 Moore William Eves 1847
 Moorhead William S. 1906
 Morehead William S. 1945
 Morey, Jr. Robert Willis 1958
  Morgan James W. 1971
 Morgan Robert McNair 1970
 Morgenstern Marc Jaime 1976
 Morison David Whipple 1888
 Morison Samuel Benjamin 1891
 Morison Stanford Newel 1892
 Morris Edward Dafydd 1849
 Morris Luzon 1854
 Morris Ray 1901
 Morse John Bolt 1934
 Morse Samuel Finley Brown 1907
 Morse Sidney Nelson 1890
 Morton, Jr. Thruston Ballard 1954
 Moseley Thomas Wilder 1948
 Mosely Spencer Dumaresq 1943
 Moser Richard Eugene 1963
 Moses Jack Thomas 1979
 Moyer Douglas Richard 1972
 Mulford David Humphrey 1846
 Mulford Elisha 1855
 Mulhern Daniel Kevin 1980
 Mullins Frederic Parsons 1912
 Munn John 1847
 Munroe George Edmund 1874
 Murchison Brian Cameron 1974
 Murchison Robert W. 1982
 Murphy Frederick James 1910
 Murphy Gerald Clery 1912
  Musser John Miller 1930
 Neale James Brown 1896
 Neigher Geoffrey Mark 1967
 Nelson Rensselaer Russell 1846
 Nettleton Edward Payson 1856
 Neville James E. 1921
 Nevins William Bessell 1846
 Newel Stanford 1861
 Newman Thomas Montgomery 1977
 Newton, Jr. James Quigg 1933
 Nichols Alfred Bull 1880
 Nichols Edward 1934
 Nichols William Allen 1983
 Nickerson Sereno Dwight 1845
 Noble Lawrence Mason 1927
 Noble, Jr. Lawerence Mason 1953
 Noble Frederick A.
 Noel Christopher  1983
 Nondorf Kurt D. 1979
 Nordhaus William D. 1963
 Norris William Herbert 1839
 Northrop  Cyrus 1857
 Northrop Birdsey G.
 Northrup Robert Smitter 1960
 Norton Wiliam Bunnell 1925
 Norton, Jr. George Washington 1923
 Novkov David A. 1953
 Novosel David Gerard 1981
 Noyes Edward MacArthur  1971
 O'Brien Donald Patrick 1979
 O'Brien Frank 1906
 O'Brien, Jr. Frank 1947
 O'Brien, Jr. Philip 1945W
 O'Connell Timothy James 1963
 O'Keefe Regis James 1981
 O'Leary, Jr. John Joseph 1969
 O'Neill, Jr. Eugene Gladstone 1932
 Oberlin John P. 1957
 Ogden Alfred 1932
 Ohene-Frempong Kwaku 1970
 Oler Wesley M. 1916
 Oler, Jr. Clark Kimberly 1976
 Olmstead John Hull  1847
 Olsen Albert William 1917
 Ord Joseph Pacificus 1873
 Ordway Henry Choate 1880
 Orr Andrew Alexander 1956
 Orrick Andrew Downey 1940
 Orrick, Jr. William H. 1937
 Osborn Richard  1914
 Osborne Arthur Sherwood 1882
 Osborne Thomas Burr 1881
 Otis James Sanford 1919
 Overton John Williams 1917
 Owen Charles Hunter 1860
 Owen Edward Thomas 1872
 Owen Henry Elijah  1864
 Owens Samuel L. 1978
 Packard Lewis Richard 1856
 Paddock Brace Whitman 1900
 Page Robert Guthrie 1922
 Paine Levi Leonard 1856
 Paine Ralph Delahaye 1894
 Paine, Jr. Ralph D.  1929
 Painter Henry McMahon 1884
 Palmer Arthur Edward 1930
 Palmer Charles Edward 1947
 Palmer Harry Herbert 1883
 Palmer William Henry 1864
 Palmer II L. Guy 1957
 Paris Irving  1915
 Park William Edwards 1861
 Parker Grenville 1898
 Parker Robert Boyd 1933
 Parker Wilbur 1880
 Parker William White Wilson 1893
 Parkin William 1874
 Parrott Joseph Robinson 1883
 Parsons Francis 1893
 Parsons Henry McIlvaine 1933
 Parsons Langdon 1921
 Partridge Sidney Catlin 1880
 Patterson George Washington 1914
 Patterson Lee 1922
 Patterson Morehead  1920
 Patterson Thomas Cleveland 1927
 Patton John 1875
 Paul Charles Henry 1912
 Payson Henry Silas 1872
 Peck Tracy 1861
 Peck, Jr. Arthur John 1962
 Peitz William Learned  1931
 Pelly Bernard Berenger 1923
 Pendexter John Fowler 1958
 Percy Frederick Bosworth 1877
 Perit Pelatia
 Perkins John 1840
 Perkins Nathaniel Shaw 1842
 Perkins Thomas Albert 1858
 Perkins William 1840
 Perrin Bernadotte 1869
 Perrin John 1879
 Perrin John Bates  1909
 Perrin Lee James 1906
 Perrin Lester William 1908
 Perry David Brainard 1863
 Perry David Bulkey 1977
 Perry John Hoyt 1870
 Perry Wilbert Warren 1871
 Pershing Richard Warren 1966
 Peters Daniel James 1970
 Peters Elliot Remsen 1980
 Peters Eric Brooks 1979
 Peters Frank George 1886
 Peters John Andrew 1842
 Peters Kenneth Graham 1981
 Peters William Allison 1880
 Peterson Paul Clifford 1981
 Pfau, Jr. George Harold 1948
 Phelan Howard T. 1958
 Phelps Edward Johnson 1886
 Phelps Sheffield 1886
 Phelps William Walter 1860
 Phelps Zira Bennett 1895
 Philbin Jesse Holladay 1913
 Philbin II Stephen 1910
 Phinney Elihu 1846
 Pickett Lawrence Kimball 1941
 Piel Geoffrey D. 1978
 Pierce Frederick Erastus 1904
 Pierson Charles Wheeler 1886
 Pierson William Seward 1836
 Pillsbury Edmund Pennington 1936
 Pillsbury, Jr. John Sargent 1935
 Pinchot Amos Richards Eno 1897
 Pinchot Gifford 1889
 Pinckard Thomas Cicero 1848
 Pinela Carlos  1983
 Pinney John Mercer 1965
 Pionzio Dino John 1950
 Platt Henry Barstow 1882
 Platt Lewis Alfred 1879
 Polich Richard Frank 1954
 Pollock George Edward 1878
 Pollock William  1882
 Pomeroy John Norton 1887
 Pond Jeffrey Craig 1965
 Poole William Frederick 1891
 Poore Charles Graydon 1926
 Porter Edward Clarke 1858
 Porter III Gilbert Edwin 1916
 Porter Noah
  Post Russell Lee 1927
 Post, Jr. Russell Lee 1958
 Potter Roderick 1902
 Potwin Lemuel Stoughton 1854
 Pratt George 1857
 Pratt Julius Howard 1842
 Pratt William Hall Brace 1864
  Prentice John Rockefeller 1928
 Prentice Samuel Oscar 1873
 Preston Henry Kirk 1836
 Preston James Marshall 1967
 Preston John Louis 1958
 Preston Ord 1899
 Price Frank Julian 1892
 Price Ross E. 1954
 Price, Jr. Charles Baird 1941
 Price, Jr. Raymond Kissam 1951
 Prideaux Tom  1930
 Prindle Thomas Harrison 1964
 Pugsley Isaac P. 1864
 Pulaski, Jr. Charles Alexander 1964
 Pumpelly Harold Armstrong 1915
 Purnell Charles Thomas 1854
 Putnam James Osborne 1839
 Putnam Phelps  1916
 Pyle Michael J. 1961
 Quarles III James Perrin 1965
 Rachlin David Isaiah 1982
 Rafferty John Chandler 1835
 Ramsdell Charles Benjamin 1872
 Rand Stuart Craig 1909
 Randolph Francis Fitz  1911
 Rankin B. Courtney 1936
 Rankin Robert 1845
 Ranney George Alfred 1934
 Rathborne Joseph Cornelius 1931
 Raymond George T.P. 1949
 Raymond Henry Hunter 1841
 Raymond Henry Warren  1869
 Read Richard Rollins 1947
 Reed Edward Snover 1951
 Reed Harry Lathrop 1889
 Reed Lansing Parmalee 1904
 Reid Jasper 1982
 Reigeluth Douglas Scott 1975
 Reilly John Sylvester  1915
 Reponen Robert Gordon 1954
 Ribeiro Carlos Fernando 1838
 Rich Eugene Lamb 1838
 Richards Davi Alan 1967
 Richards George 1840
 Richardson Allan Harvey 1901
 Richardson Gardner  1905
 Richardson Rufus Byam 1869
 Richardson Walker 1849
 Richie Wallace Parks 1927
 Riggs  Benjamin Clapp 1865
 Rimar III Stephen 1977
 Ripley George Coit 1862
 Ritchie, Jr. Wallace Parks  1957
 Ritterbush, Jr. Stephen G. 1972
 Rizzo Robert John 1978
 Robb James Madison 1844
 Robb  John Hunter 1843
 Robbins Edwards Denmore 1874
 Robbins William Wells 1927
 Roberts Ellis Henry  1850
 Roberts, Jr. Charles Holmes 1916
 Roberts, Jr. George Brooke 1952
 Robertson Charles Franklin 1859
 Robertson Robert 1833
 Robertson, Jr. Howard Copland 1928
 Robeson Abel Bellows 1837
 Robinson Frederick Flower  1927
 Robinson George Chester 1856
 Robinson Henry Seymour 1889
 Robinson John Trunbull 1893
 Robinson  John Trunbull 1937
 Robinson Lucius Franklin 1843
 Robinson Lucius Franklin 1885
 Robinson, Jr. H.C.  1947
 Roby Joseph 1893
 Roby Samuel Sidney 1888
 Rockefeller Percy Avery 1900
 Rockwell  Foster Harry 1906
 Rockwell John 1849
 Rodd David B. 1940
 Rodd Thomas  1935
 Rodman Robert Simpson 1879
 Rogers D. 1898
 Rogers Derby 1893
 Rogers  Edmund Pendleton 1905
 Rogers Herman Livingston 1914
 Rogers John 1887
 Root Alexander Porter  1861
 Root Reginald Dean 1926
 Root Wells 1922
 Rose Jonathan Chapman 1963
 Ross  Lancelot Patrick 1928
 Ross Thomas Bernard 1951
 Ross William Baldwin 1852
 Rowe, Jr. Thomas D.  1984
 Rowland John T. 1911
 Rowland William Sherman 1836
 Roy John Marcus 1978
 Rulon-Miller  Patrick 1963
 Rumsey David McIver 1966
 Rumsley Bronson Case 1902
 Runnalls John Felch Bertram  1937
 Russell Frank Ford 1926
 Russell Philip Gray 1876
 Russell Richard George 1981
 Russell  Richard Warren 1951
 Russell William Huntington 1833
 Ryan Joseph Mather 1951
 Ryan III Allan A.  1954
 Ryle Ernest 1892
 Saffen David 1975
 Safford George Blagden 1852
 Safford  Theodore Lee 1920
 Sage Dean 1897
 Sage Henry Manning 1890
 Salbeh Richard Alan  1972
 Saleh Muhammad Ahmed 1968
 Salisbury Edward Elbridge
 Salzman Mark Joseph 1982
 Sanderson Benjamin  1909
 Sanford Charles Frederick 1847
 Sanhago Eddie 1982
 Sanon James M. 1967
 Sargent Joseph Weir 1920
 Sargent Murray 1905
 Savage Bouifelle 1932
 Savage Josiah  1846
 Sawyer, Jr. Homer Eugene 1913
 Scarborough William Smith 1837
 Scattergood Thomas B. 1970
 Schermerhorn Alfred Cosler 1920
 Schermerhorn Amos Egmont 1938
 Schlesinger Daniel Adam 1977
 Schmidt Thomas Carr  1968
 Schnaitter Spencer Jason 1954
 Schollander Donald Arthur 1968
 Schuyler Eugene 1859
 Schwab John Christopher 1886
 Schwab Laurence vonPost 1913
 Schwarzman Stephen Allen 1969
 Scott Eben Greenough  1858
 Scott Eugene Lytton 1960
 Scott Henry Clarkson 1925
 Scott Larry Glenn 1977
 Scott  Stewart Patterson 1928
 Scott William Iain 1973
 Scudder Doremus 1880
 Seabury Mortimer Ashmfad  1909
 Seaman, Jr. Irving 1945
 Sears Joshua Montgomery 1877
 Seeley George Wheeler 1961
 Seeley  John Edward 1835
 Seeley John Frank 1860
 Seeley William Wallace 1862
 Seeley, Jr. Edward Howard  1878
 Selander Duane Arthur 1969
 Selden Edward Griffin 1870
 Senay Edward Charles 1952
 Seward  William Henry 1888
 Seymour Charles 1908
 Seymour Horatio 1867
 Seymour John Forman  1835
 Seymour John Sammis 1875
 Seymour S.O. 1857
 Seymour, Jr. Charles 1935
 Seymour  Thomas Day
 Shackelford Robert Campbell 1958
 Sharp Jonathan Douglas 1983
 Shattuck John H.F. 1965
 Shattuck John Waldon 1870
 Shearer Sextus 1861
 Shedden William Martindale 1915
 Sheffield George St. John 1863
 Sheffield James Rockwell 1959
 Sheffield John Van Loon 1983
 Shelden Allan 1913
 Shelly Hugh White 1835
 Shepard B. 1936
 Shepard Charles R.S. 1951
 Shepard Donald Carrington 1950
 Shepard Donald Carrington 1916
 Shepard Frank Parsons 1917
 Shepard Lorrin Andrews 1914
 Shepard Roger Bulkley 1908
 Shepard, Jr. Lloyd Montgomery 1939
 Shepard, Jr. Roger Bulkley 1935
 Shepley Arthur  1895
 Sheppard Walter Bradley 1887
 Sherill Franklin Goldwaithe 1949
 Sherman Frederick Roger 1836
 Shevlin Edward Leonard 1921
 Shipman Arthur Leffingwell 1886
 Shirley Arthur 1869
 Shugart Thorne Martin  1955
 Sill Edward Rowland 1861
 Sill George Griswold 1852
 Silliman Professor Benjamin 1837
 Simmons Frank Hunter 1898
 Simmons Wallace Erskine 1890
 Simms William Erskine 1891
 Simpson Kenneth Farrand  1917
 Sincerrbeaux Frank H. 1902
 Singer Ronald Leonard 1966
 Singleton II Thomas 1961
 Skibell Steven Alan 1984
 Skrovan Stephen Thomas 1979
 Slade Francis Henry 1954
 Slade John Milton  1851
 Sloane Henry Thompson 1866
 Sloane John 1905
 Sloane Thomas Chalmers 1868
 Sloane  William 1895
 Slocum Edwin Lyon 1915
 Smith Bradford Curie 1967
 Smith Bruce Donald  1906
 Smith Charles Edgar 1865
 Smith Edward Curtis 1875
 Smith Eugene 1859
 Smith  Frederick W. 1966
 Smith Herbert Augustine 1889
 Smith J. Gregory 1912
 Smith John Donnell  1847
 Smith Lloyd Hilton 1929
 Smith Rufus Riggs 1876
 Smith Traver 1919
 Smith  William Thayer 1860
 Smith Winthrop Davenport 1896
 Smith III Bruce Donald 1960
 Smith, Jr. Howard Freeman  1942
 Smyth Nathan Ayer 1897
 Snell Raymond Franklin 1918
 Solbert Peter O. 1941
 Solley  Fred Palmer 1888
 Solley Robert Folger 1922
 Somerville John W. 1957
 Soper Willard Burr  1904
 Soule Leslie 1911
 Southgate Charles McClellan 1866
 Southmayd Samuel Gray 1834
 Southworth  Edward Wells 1875
 Southworth George Champlin 1863
 Spalding Ebenezer 1838
 Spalding George A.  1872
 Spaulding Josiah Augustus 1945
 Spear Wesley John 1974
 Spears Robert Samuel 1952
 Speed  James Breckinridge 1956
 Spencer Charles Langford 1878
 Spencer Edward Curran 1880
 Spencer George Gilman  1834
 Spencer James M. 1867
 Sperry Watson Robertson 1871
 Spitz Robert W. 1962
 Spitzer, Jr.  Lyman 1935
 Spofford Charles Merville 1924
 Spring Andrew Jackson 1855
 Sprole Frank Arnoit  1942
 Stack, Jr. Joseph William 1940
 Stackpole Edward James 1915
 Stagg Amos Alonzo 1888
 Stanberry, Jr. William Burks 1966
 Stanley Harold 1908
 Stanley William 1852
 Stapler Henry Beidleman Bascom  1874
 Staven Karl Eric 1981
 Steadman John Montague 1952
 Steadman Richard Cooke 1955
 Stearns  Edwin Russell 1870
 Stebbins Hart Lyman 1933
 Stebbins Henry Hamilton 1862
 Steele Henry Thornton  1846
 Sterling John William 1864
 Stetson, Jr. Eugene William 1934
 Stevens Albert B. 1940
 Stevens  Eric Eugene 1980
 Stevens Frederic William 1858
 Stevens Henry 1843
 Stevens Marvin A.  1925
 Stevens, Jr. Joseph B. 1938
 Stevenson Charles 1979
 Stevenson Charles P. 1941
 Stevenson  Donald D. 1925
 Stevenson Frederic Augustus 1888
 Stewart Charles Jacob 1918
 Stewart Donald Ogden  1916
 Stewart James C. 1961
 Stewart James Ross 1931
 Stewart John 1921
 Stewart  Percy Hamilton 1890
 Stewart Peter Hellwege 1928
 Stewart Philip Battel 1886
 Stewart Potter  1937
 Stewart Zeph 1943
 Stewart, Jr. Walter Eugene 1894
 Stiles Joseph 1846
 Stiles  William Augustus 1859
 Stille Charles Janeway 1839
 Stillman George Schley 1935
 Stillman Leland Stanford  1894
 Stillman Peter Gordon Bradley 1940
 Stimson Henry Albert 1865
 Stimson Henry Lewis 1888
 Stokes  Anson Phelps 1896
 Stokes Harold Phelps 1909
 Stokes Horace Sheldon 1889
 Stokes, Jr. Anson Phelps  1927
 Stone Charles Martin 1878
 Stone Harold 1902
 Stone Louis T. 1937
 Stone  William 1865
 Storrs Cordial 1850
 Stratton Daniel James 1981
 Street Henry Abbott  1912
 Strikler Samuel Alexander 1848
 Strong Caleb 1835
 Strong Charles Hall 1870
 Strong  George Arthur 1871
 Strong Henry Barnard 1922
 Strout, Jr. Edwin Augustus 1912
 Struzzi Thomas Allen 1975
 Stubbs Alfred 1835
 Stucky William McDowell 1940
 Sturges Hezekiah 1841
 Sturges  Thomas Benedict 1835
 Sullivan Charles S. 1978
 Sullivan Corlis Esmonde 1900
 Sulzer James S. 1973
 Sumner Graham 1897
 Sumner William Graham 1863
 Sumner William S. 1945
 Sutherland  Richard Orlin 1931
 Sutphin Stuart Bruen 1903
 Swan Joseph Rockwell 1902
 Sweet Carroll Fuller 1899
 Sweet Edwin Forrest 1871
 Swenson, Jr. Edward Francis 1940
 Swift John Morton 1836
 Swift Walker Ely 1915
 Swil Roy Anthony 1967
 Swinburne Louis Judson 1879
 Swoope Walter Moore 1931
 Tabor John Kaye 1943
 Taft Alphonso 1833
 Taft Charles Phelps 1918
 Taft Henry Waters 1880
 Taft Horace Dutton 1883
 Taft Hulbert 1900
 Taft Peter Rawson 1867
 Taft Robert Alphonso 1910
 Taft Thomas Prindle 1971
 Taft William Howard 1878
 Talcott Thomas Grosvenor 1838
 Tarbell Frank Bigelow 1873
 Taylor Alan McLean 1902
 Taylor Alfred Judd 1859
 Taylor John Phelps 1862
 Taylor Richard 1845
 Teig Joseph Benjamin 1980
 Tener Alexander Campbell 1912
 Tener Kinley John 1916
 Terry H.P. Baldwin 1935
 Terry Wyllys 1885
  Terry III Wyllys 1962
 Thacher James Kingsley 1868
 Thacher John Seymour 1877
 Thacher Sherman Day 1883
 Thacher Thomas 1904
 Thacher Thomas 1871
 Thacher Thomas Anthony 1835
 Thacher Thomas Day 1904
 Thacher William Larned 1887
 Thomas Charles Henry 1873
 Thomas John Allen Miner 1922
 Thomas Walton D. 1941
 Thompson Donald 1903
 Thompson John R. 1938
 Thompson Jonathan Penfield 1970
 Thompson Norman Frederick 1881
 Thompson Oliver David 1879
 Thompson Rev. Joseph Parrish 1838
 Thompson, Jr. Stepehn Eberly 1967
 Thompson, Jr. William McIlwaine 1969
 Thomson Clifton Samuel 1924
 Thomson Samuel Clifton 1891
 Thorne Brinkley Stimpson 1968
 Thorne Charles Hedges McKinstry 1974
 Thorne David Hoadley 1966
 Thorne Peter Brinckerhoff 1940
 Thorne Samuel Brinckeroff 1896
 Thorson Peter Andreas 1959
  Thorton Edmund Braxton 1954
 Thorton James Carlton 1908
 Throwbridge Mason 1902
 Tiffany William Henry 1840
 Tighe Ambrose 1879
 Tighe Laurence Gotzian 1916
 Tighe Richard Lodge 1923
  Tighe, Jr. Laurence Goizian 1941
 Tillinghast Charles 1875
 Tilney Thomas Joseph 1870
 Tilney II Robert Fingland 1905
 Tingey Douglas Stuart 1981
 Tinker Anson Phelps 1868
 Tom III Chan Bruce 1977
  Tomlinson Henry A.
 Tompkins Ray 1884
 Towers Jonathan David 1982
 Townsend George Henry 1908
 Townsend James Mulford 1874
 Townsend William Kneeland 1871
 Townsend, Jr. Frederic dePeyster 1922
 Tracy Evarts 1890
 Train Robert 1936
 Traphagen Peter A. 1956
 Trask Charles Hooper 1846
 Treadway Ralph Bishop 1896
 Trotter Silas Flournoy 1839
 Trower C. Christopher 1970
 Troy Alexander 1981
 Trudeau, Jr. Edward Livingston 1896
 Trudeau Garry 1970
 Truesdale Calvin 1907
 Tucker Luther B.D. 1931
 Tucker, Jr. Carl 1947
 Tufts Bowen Charlton 1935
 Tumpane Timothy Michael 1980
 Turner Elvin D. 1978
 Turner Harold McLeod 1937
 Turner Harold McLeod 1905
 Turner Spencer 1906
 Tuttle George Coolidge 1907
 Tuttle George Montgomery 1877
 Tweedy Henry Hallam 1891
 Tweedy John Hubbard 1834
 Tweedy Samuel 1868
 Twichell Charles Pratt 1945W
 Twining Alexander C.
 Twombly Alexander Stevenson 1854
 Twombly Edward Bancroft 1912
 Twombly Henry Bancroft  1884
 Tyler Charles Mellen 1855
 Tyler Cheever 1959
 Tyler George Palmer 1836
 Tyler  Moses C. 1857
 Tytus Edward Jefferson 1868
 Urquijo Conzalo 1984
 Van deGraaff Adrian Sebastian  1881
 Van Dine Vance 1949
 Van Loan Eugene 1964
 Van Name Addison 1858
 Van Reypen, Jr.  William Knickerbocker 1905
 Van Sinderen Henry Brinsmade 1911
 Van Slyck DeForest 1920
 VanAntwerp, Jr. William Meadon  1958E
 Vanderbilt Alfred Gwynne 1899
 Vargish Thomas 1966
 Varnum Joseph Bradley 1838
 Vernon  Frederick Richardson 1881
 Vincent Francis T. 1931
 Vogt Tom D. 1943
 von Holt Herman Vademar  1916
 Vorys John Martin 1918
 Vorys Martin W. 1952
 Vose Elliot Evans 1945W
 Vose  James Gardiner 1851
 Wack Damon deBlois 1929
 Waddell Geoffrey Hamilton 1961
 Wade Levi Clifford  1866
 Wadsworth, Jr. James Wolcott 1898
 Wagner Victor Edmond 1983
 Waite Morrison R. 1888
 Waite  Morrison Remick 1837
 Walcott Frederic Collin 1891
 Walcott William Stuart 1894
 Wald Stephen George  1975
 Walden Howard Talbott 1881
 Walden Robert S. 1972
 Walden Russell 1874
 Wales  Leonard Eugene 1845
 Walker Charles Rumford 1916
 Walker George Nesmith 1919
 Walker Horace Flecher  1889
 Walker Jeffrey Pond 1944
 Walker John Mercer 1931
 Walker John S. 1942
 Walker  Joseph Burbeen 1844
 Walker Louis 1936
 Walker Ray Carter 1955
 Walker Samuel Johnson  1888
 Walker Stoughton 1928
 Walker III George Herbert 1953
 Walker, Jr. George Hebert 1927
 Walker, Jr.  Samuel Sloan 1948
 Walker Francis Amasa
 Wallace Alexander Hamilton 1893
 Wallace Henry Mitchell 1903
 Walsh  Hugh 1835
 Walsh, Jr. John Joseph 1961
 Ward John Abbott 1862
 Wardwell Allan  1904
 Wardwell Edward Rogers 1927
 Waring Antonio Johnston 1903
 Warren George U. 1945W
 Warren  Henry Waterman 1865
 Warren John Davock 1927
 Warren, Jr. William Candee 1914
 Washburn William Barrett  1844
 Washington George 1839
 Washington William Henry 1834
 Waters William Otis 1913
 Watkins  Charles Law 1908
 Watson John Marsh 1839
 Watson William Berkley 1940
 Watson III Charles  1927
 Wayland Francis
 Weaver Howard Sayer 1948
 Weber John William 1953
 Wedsworth James Jeremiah  1854
 Weed George Haines 1938
 Weeks Robert Kelley 1862
 Weinstein Adam 1984
 Weir  John Ferguson
 Welch George Arnold 1901
 Welch William Henry 1870
 Welles, Jr. Charles Hopkins 1899
  Wells Harold Sherman 1907
 Wells Henry Dorrance 1851
 Wells Herbert Wetmore 1889
 Wells John Lewis 1882
 Wells Nathan Dana 1857
 Wells II George 1929
 Wesson Charles Holland 1863
  Westerfield Richard H. 1979
 Wetherell John Walcott 1844
 Wetmore George Peabody 1867
 Weyerhaeuser Frederick Edward 1896
 Wheeler Alfred Newton 1923
 Wheeler Lawrence Raymond 1911
 Wheeler Thomas Beardsley 1958
  Wheeler William 1855
 Wheelwright Joseph Stober 1897
 White Andrew Dickerson 1853
 White Charles Atwood 1854
 White George 1848
 White George Edward 1866
 White Henry Charles 1881
  White Henry Dyer 1851
 White John Richards 1903
 White Oliver Sherman 1864
 White Percy Gardiner 1902
 White Roger Sherman 1859
 White Warren Benton 1941
 White William Gardiner 1942
 White Henry
 Whitehead Mather Kimball 1936
 Whitehouse Charles Sheldon 1947
 Whitehouse Edwin Sheldon 1905
  Whitehouse William Fitzhugh 1899
 Whitman Jr. Francis Slingluff 1938
 Whitmore, Jr. James Allen 1944
 Whitney Edward Baldwin 1878
 Whitney Edward Payson 1854
 Whitney Emerson Cogswell 1851
 Whitney Harry Payne 1894
  Whitney James Lyman 1856
 Whitney Joseph Ernest 1882
 Whitney Payne 1898
 Whitney William Collins 1863
 Whitney William Dwight
 Whiton James Morris 1853
 Wickes Forsyth 1898
 Wickes  Thomas P. 1874
 Wickwire Winthrop Ross 1949E
 Wiggin Frederick H. 1904
 Wilbur John Smith 1933
 Wilbur Richard Emery 1938
 Wilbur, Jr. John Smith 1964
 Wilcox Giles Buckingham 1848
 Wilcoz  Asher Henry 1859
 Wilder Amos Parker 1884
 Wilhelmi Frederick William 1939
 Wilhelmi Frederick William 1903
 Wilkie, Jr. Valleau 1948
 Willard Andrew Jackson 1853
 Willard Charles Hastings 1926
 Williams  Burch 1939
 Williams Darryl L. 1976
 Williams Henry 1837
 Williams James Willard 1908
 Williams Norman Alton 1897
 Williams Ralph Omsted 1861
 Williams Samuel Goode 1932
 Williams Thomas Scott 1838
 Williams William Bruce 1957
 Williams William Perkins 1839
 Williams S. Wells
 Willis  Richard Stobbs 1841
 Wilson A. 1844
 Wilson Daniel Richard 1979
 Wilson Hugh Robert  1906
 Wilson John 1847
 Wilson Zebuon Vance 1972
 Winston Dudley 1886
 Winston  Frederick Seymour 1877
 Winter Daniel R. 1920
 Winter II Edwin Wheeler 1921
 Wiseman II Stephen  1984
 Witter, Jr. Dean 1944
 Wittherbee Frank Spencer 1874
 Wittherbee W.C. 1880
 Wodelll  R.A. 1910
 Wolcott Elizer 1839
 Wolfe II Stephen 1964
 Wood George Ingersoll  1833
 Wood John Seymour 1874
 Wood William C. 1868
 Woodford Oswald Langdon 1850
 Woodlock  Douglas Preston 1969
 Woodruff Francis Eben 1864
 Woodruff George Washington 1889
 Woodruff Timothy Lester 1879
 Woodsum, Jr. Harold Edward 1953
 Woodward John Butler 1883
 Woodward Richard William 1867
 Woodward  Stanley 1922
 Woodward Stanley 1855
 Woodward William Herrick 1858
 Woolfolk William Grey 1841
 Woolley John Eliot 1918
 Woolley Knight 1917
 Woolsey Heathcote Morison 1907
 Woolsey  Theodore Salisbury 1872
 Woolsey Theodore White
 Worcester Edwin Dean 1876
 Worcester Franklin Eldred 1882
 Worcester  Wilfred James 1885
 Word Charles Francis 1891
 Wray James McAlpin 1836
 Wright Alfred Parks  1901
 Wright Henry Burt 1898
 Wright Henry Park 1868
 Wright II William Henry 1982
 Yang  James Ting-Yeh 1982
 Yardley Henry Albert 1855
 Yarnall Thomas C. 1841
 Yent, Jr. James B.  1979
 Yerkes Stephen 1837
 Young Benham Daniel 1848
 Zallinger Peter Franz 1965
 Ziegler  Stan Warren 1972
 Zigerelli Lawrence John 1980
 Zorthian Barry 1941
 Zorthian Gregory Jannig  1975
 Zucker Bernard Benjamin 1962
Bushes at Yale Year Notes 
 Reverend James Bush 1844 Paternal grandfather of Prescott 
 Robert E. Sheldon, Jr. 1904 Prescott’s maternal uncle 
 Prescott Bush 1917 Father of GHW Bush, grandfather of GW Bush 
 James Smith Bush 1922 Prescott’s brother 
 Prescott S. Bush, Jr. 1944 Did not graduate. Left after his junior year 
 George H.W. Bush 1948 41st President of the U.S.--- Son of Prescott 
 Jonathan James Bush 1953 GHW Bush’s brother 
 William Henry Trotter Bush 1960 GHW Bush’s brother 
 George W. Bush 1968 GHW Bush’s son 
 Prescott Bush III 1970 Prescott Jr’s son 
 William P. Bush 1986 William H.T. Bush’s son 
 Barbara Bush 2004 GW Bush’s daughter 
George W. Bush's Skull and Bones Class 
 1968 --- The First Class to Include Blacks, Muslims and Jews 
 Roy Leslie Austin
 
Robert Richards Birge
 
Christopher Walworth Brown
 
George Walker Bush
 
Kenneth Saul Cohen
 
Rex W.F. Cowdry
 
Donald Etra
 
G. Gregory Gallico III
 
Robert Karl Guthrie
 
Britton Ward Kolar
 
Robert Davis McCallum Jr.
 
Muhammad Ahmed Saleh
 
Thomas Carlton Schmidt
 
Donald Arthur Schollander 
 
Brinkley Stimpson Thorne

Very incomplete list!

• William Frank Buckley, Jr. (b. 1925) — also known as William F. Buckley, Jr. — of Manhattan, New York County, N.Y. Born in New York, New York County, N.Y., November 24, 1925. Brother of James Lane Buckley; married 1950 to Patricia Taylor. Conservative. Served in the U.S. Army during World War II; candidate for mayor of New York City, N.Y., 1965. Catholic. Irish and Swiss ancestry. Member, Skull and Bones. Leader of the conservative movement; founder and editor of National Review magazine; author and lecturer; host of television news show "Firing Line"; recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom on November 18, 1991. Still living as of 2004.

• See also: Internet Movie Database profile.
• Books by William F. Buckley, Jr.: Getting It Right (2003); God and Man at Yale : The Superstitions of 'Academic Freedom' (1951); Spytime : The Undoing of James Jesus Angleton (2000); Nearer, My God : An Autobiography of Faith (1997); The Lexicon : A Cornucopia of Wonderful Words for the Inquisitive Word Lover (1998); Airborne : A Sentimental Journey (1984); In Search of Anti-Semitism (1992); Brothers No More (1995); Up From Liberalism (1959); The Committee and its critics : a calm review of the House Committee on Un-American Activities (1962); Elvis in the Morning (2001); Execution eve, and other contemporary ballads (1975); Four reforms : a guide for the seventies (1973); Gratitude : reflections on what we owe to our country (1990); Nuremberg : the reckoning (2002); Overdrive : a personal documentary (1983); United Nations Journal : A Delegate's Odyssey (1974); The unmaking of a mayor (1966); Ronald Reagan: An American Hero (2001)
• Fiction by William F. Buckley, Jr.: Stained Glass : A Blackford Oakes Novel (1978); Marco Polo, If You Can : A Blackford Oakes Mystery (1981); Saving the Queen : A Blackford Oakes Mystery (1976); See You Later, Alligator : A Blackford Oakes Mystery (1985); Tucker's Last Stand : A Blackford Oakes Mystery (1991); Mongoose, R.I.P. : A Blackford Oakes Mystery (1990); A Very Private Plot : A Blackford Oakes Mystery (1994); High Jinx : A Blackford Oakes Mystery (1986); Who's on First : A Blackford Oakes Mystery (1980); The Redhunter : a novel based on the life of Senator Joe McCarthy (1999)
• Books about William F. Buckley, Jr.: John B. Judis, William F. Buckley, Jr.: Patron Saint of the Conservatives

• George Herbert Walker Bush (b. 1924) — also known as George Bush; "Poppy"; "Sheepskin"; "Timberwolf" — of Midland, Midland County, Tex.; Houston, Harris County, Tex. Born in Milton, Norfolk County, Mass., June 12, 1924. First cousin thrice removed of David Davis; son of Prescott Sheldon Bush and Dorothy (Walker) Bush (1901-1992); married, January 6, 1945, to Barbara Pierce; father of George Walker Bush and John Ellis Bush. Republican. Served in the U.S. Navy during World War II; delegate to Republican National Convention from Texas, 1964; candidate for U.S. Senator from Texas, 1964, 1970; U.S. Representative from Texas 7th District, 1967-71; U.S. Representative to United Nations, 1971-73; Chairman of Republican National Committee, 1973-74; U.S. Liaison to China, 1974-75; director, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 1976-77; candidate for Republican nomination for President, 1980; Vice President of the United States, 1981-89; President of the United States, 1989-93; defeated, 1992. Episcopalian. Member, Council on Foreign Relations; American Legion; Society of the Cincinnati; Skull and Bones; Delta Kappa Epsilon; Phi Beta Kappa. Still living as of 2003.

• Cross-reference: Caspar W. Weinberger; John H. Sununu
• See also: congressional biography; Internet Movie Database profile.
• Books by George H. W. Bush: All The Best, George Bush: My Life and Other Writings (1999); Looking Forward (1987, out of print); A World Transformed (1998)
• Books about George H. W. Bush: John Robert Greene, The Presidency of George Bush; Tim O'Shei & Joe Marren, George H. W. Bush (for young readers)
• Critical books about George H. W. Bush: Kevin Phillips, American Dynasty: Aristocracy, Fortune, and the Politics of Deceit in the House of Bush; Kitty Kelly, The Family : The Real Story of the Bush Dynasty

• George Walker Bush (b. 1946) — also known as George W. Bush; "Dubya"; "Shrub"; "The Smirking Chimp" — of Midland, Midland County, Tex.; Crawford, McLennan County, Tex. Born in New Haven, New Haven County, Conn., July 6, 1946. Grandson of Prescott Sheldon Bush; son of Barbara (Pierce) Bush and George Herbert Walker Bush; married, November 5, 1977, to Laura Welch; brother of John Ellis Bush. Republican. Delegate to Republican National Convention from Texas, 1988; Governor of Texas, 1995-2000; President of the United States, 2001-. Methodist. Member, Skull and Bones; Delta Kappa Epsilon. Still living as of 2004.

• See also: Internet Movie Database profile.
• Books by George W. Bush: A Charge to Keep (1999)
• Books about George W. Bush: J. H. Hatfield et al, Fortunate Son : George W. Bush and the Making of An American President; Roger Simon, Divided We Stand : How Al Gore Beat George Bush and Lost the Presidency; Frank Bruni, Ambling into History : The Unlikely Odyssey of George W. Bush; Bryan Laberge, George W. Bush : In the Whirlwind; Lou Dubose et al, Boy Genius: Karl Rove, the Brains Behind the Remarkable Political Triumph of George W. Bush; Bill Sammon, Misunderestimated: The President Battles Terrorism, John Kerry, and the Bush Haters; David Aikman, A Man of Faith: The Spiritual Journey of George W. Bush; Bob Woodward, Bush at War; Bob Woodward, Plan of Attack; Craig Unger, House of Bush, House of Saud: The Secret Relationship Between the World's Two Most Powerful Dynasties; Bill Sammon, Misunderestimated: The President Battles Terrorism, John Kerry, and the Bush Haters; Sandra J. Kachurek, George W. Bush (for young readers); Tim O'Shei & Joe Marren, George W. Bush (for young readers)
• Critical books about George W. Bush: Molly Ivins, Shrub: The Short But Happy Political Life of George W. Bush; David Corn, The Lies of George W. Bush : Mastering the Politics of Deception; Kevin Phillips, American Dynasty: Aristocracy, Fortune, and the Politics of Deceit in the House of Bush; John Dean, Worse Than Watergate: The Secret Presidency of George W. Bush; Kitty Kelly, The Family : The Real Story of the Bush Dynasty; John W. Dean, Worse Than Watergate: The Secret Presidency of George W. Bush; Ron Suskind, The Price of Loyalty: George W. Bush, the White House, and the Education of Paul O'Neill; Robert C. Byrd, Losing America: Confronting a Reckless and Arrogant Presidency; Jack Huberman, The Bush - Haters Handbook: A Guide to the Most Appalling Presidency of the Past 100 Years

• William Averell Harriman (1891-1986) — also known as W. Averell Harriman — of Manhattan, New York County, N.Y. Born November 15, 1891. Married to Pamela Beryl Digby Churchill Hayward Harriman. Democrat. U.S. Ambassador to Soviet Union, 1943-46; Great Britain, 1946; , 1961, 1965-69; U.S. Secretary of Commerce, 1946-48; candidate for Democratic nomination for President, 1952, 1956; delegate to Democratic National Convention from New York, 1952, 1956, 1960; Governor of New York, 1955-59. Member, Council on Foreign Relations; Knights of Pythias; Skull and Bones. Received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969. Died July 26, 1986. Interment at Arden Farm Graveyard, Arden, N.Y.

• Books about Averell Harriman: Walter Isaacson, The Wise Men : Six Friends and the World They Made

• John Forbes Kerry (b. 1943) — also known as John F. Kerry; "Liveshot" — of Boston, Suffolk County, Mass. Born in Fitzsimmons Army Hospital, Aurora, Adams County, Colo., December 11, 1943. Married the widow of Henry John Heinz III; married, May 23, 1970, to Julia Stimson Thorne (divorced 1988) and Teresa Heinz. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Navy during the Vietnam War; lawyer; Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts, 1983-85; U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, 1985-; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Massachusetts, 2000, 2004. Catholic. Member, Council on Foreign Relations; Skull and Bones. Still living as of 2004.

• See also: congressional biography; Internet Movie Database profile.
• Books by John Kerry: A Call to Service : My Vision for a Better America (2003); The New War: The Web of Crime That Threatens America's Security (1997); Our Plan for America: Stronger at Home, Respected in the World, with John Edwards (2004)
• Books about John Kerry: Douglas Brinkley, Tour of Duty : John Kerry and the Vietnam War; Michael Kranish et al, John F. Kerry: The Complete Biography By The Boston Globe Reporters Who Know Him Best; Paul Alexander, The Candidate: Behind John Kerry's Remarkable Run for the White House; George Butler, John Kerry: A Portrait
• Critical books about John F. Kerry: John E. O'Neill & Jerome R. Corsi, Unfit for Command: Swift Boat Veterans Speak Out Against John Kerry; David N. Bossie, The Many Faces of John Kerry

• Potter Stewart (1915-1985) — Born in Jackson, Jackson County, Mich., January 23, 1915. Served in the U.S. Army during World War II; Judge of U.S. Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit, 1954-58; Justice of U.S. Supreme Court, 1958-81. Episcopalian. Member, Freemasons; Skull and Bones. Died in Hanover, Grafton County, N.H., December 7, 1985. Interment at Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Va.
• Henry Lewis Stimson (1867-1950) — also known as Henry L. Stimson — of New York, New York County, N.Y.; Huntington, Suffolk County, Long Island, N.Y. Born in New York, New York County, N.Y., September 21, 1867. Republican. Candidate for Governor of New York, 1910; U.S. Secretary of War, 1911-13, 1940-45; delegate to New York state constitutional convention at-large, 1915; delegate to Republican National Convention from New York, 1916, 1932; colonel in the U.S. Army during World War I; U.S. Secretary of State, 1929-33. Presbyterian. Member, Skull and Bones. Died in Huntington, Suffolk County, Long Island, N.Y., October 20, 1950. Interment at Memorial Cemetery, near Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, N.Y.

• See also: Internet Movie Database profile.
• Books about Henry L. Stimson: Godfrey Hodgson, The Colonel : The Life and Wars of Henry Stimson, 1867-1950; David F. Schmitz, Henry L. Stimson : The First Wise Man

• Charles Phelps Taft II (1897-1983) — also known as Charles P. Taft — of Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio. Born in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, September 20, 1897. Great-grandson of Peter Rawson Taft; grandson of Alphonso Taft; nephew of Charles Phelps Taft and Henry Waters Taft; son of William Howard Taft and Helen (Herron) Taft; first cousin of Walbridge S. Taft; brother of Robert Alphonso Ta